Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Cavellat

Publications and source records attributed to M Cavellat.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Ornidazole in digestive surgery and surgical intensive care (author's transl)].

The authors test the effectiveness of ornidazole in digestive surgery and surgical reanimation. They emphasize the increased frequency of anaerobic bacteria and the role of beta-lactamine and aminoside antibiotics in the selection of these pathogens. Ornidazole was used for a one year period as either a curative or prophylactic treatment. The product is very well tolerated. During the year the authors noted a decreased frequency of bacteroides bacteremia. They highly recommend the association of penicillin G in traumatology to fight gram negative anaerobic bacilli and numerous gram positive bacteria. The association with gentamycin is justified in the presence of an anaerobic gram negative digestive flora. The use of third generation antibiotics has often proved to be futile. It is recommended that they be reserved for the most resistant organisms seen in primary extra-hospital infections. The prescription of ornidazole must procede and follow the surgical eradication of focal intra-abdominal infections, especially if it is an infection of appendicular origine.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

[Bisalbuminemia (author's transl)].

After a review of first two causes of bisalbuminemia: genetic mutation and overdosage during antibiotherapy with beta-lactamines, the authors underline the importance of searching for a bisalbuminemia during the course of pancreatic disease or when confronted with a serous collection, particularly an ascite of undetermined origin. Effectively, the finding of a bisalbuminemia in these two circumstances, after having eliminated the first two etiologies, permits the confirmation of the diagnostic of a pancreatic fistula. This diagnostic should imply exploratory surgery, even without other confirmation, and a per-op. wirsungography if the fistula is not visible macroscopically. The surgical correction of the fistula cures the patient and the bisalbuminemia disappears in several hours.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Single dose of thiopental or fentanyl. Hemodynamic effects after treatment by an anti-hypertensive drug: guanoxabenz (author's transl)].

The hemodynamic effects of a single dose of fentanyl (4 micrograms/kg) and of thiopental (5 mg/kg) were studied on cranial trauma patients who have hypertension and who are ventilated at constant volume and frequency. At first the results were collected without an hypertensive treatment, in the second time the same results were collected after the injection of an anti-hypertensive drug (guanoxabenz 70 micrograms/kg). The results showed that in two series the modification in the measured parameters was not statistically significant; the used drugs produced little change in the hemodynamic profile: a) Even with insignificant, we noted that the injection of fentanyl after an anti-hypertensive drug caused a smaller change in the blood pressure and cardiac index then was seen in untreated subjects. b) With thiopental treated subjects, the arterial pressure is not decreased because of the increased systemic resistances, at the same time changes in cardiac index are essentially identical whether or not the subject was treated with guanoxabenz. The results therefore tend to show that the anti-hypertensive treatment can be continued without any interruption by a surgical operation.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Allergic characteristics of halothane hepatitis. Apropos of a case report].

The authors report a case of postoperative jaundice occurring within 30 days in a patient anesthetized three times with halothane. The responsibility of the anesthetic is discussed in view of the positivity of the lymphocyte transformation test and the absence of Australia antigen. It is suggested that this case of hepatitis may be related to a delayed hypersensitivity phenomen.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Plasma concentrations of ornidazole in newborn infants and infants after iterative administration].

Ornidazole was administered for ten days to twelve hospitalized neonates at the same daily dose of 20 mg/kg either by one or two IV infusions. Minimum steady-state concentrations measured between the 4th and 10th day ranged from 7.8 to 17.3 (mean = 11.8 +/- 3.2 mg/l) for one daily infusion and from 10.9 to 26.6 (mean = 20.5 +/- 6 mg/l) for two infusions. These minimum concentrations were all above the minimum inhibitory concentration for the most clinically significant anaerobic bacteria. So the single daily administration of ornidazole at the dose of 20 mg/kg is sufficient to obtain therapeutic efficiency.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Therapy of fungal septicemia and bounds (author's transl)].

The authors present the results of therapy in 26 cases of fungal septicemia occurring in a 2,471 patients population with 169 septicemia, over a 9 year period in a surgical intensive care service. An analysis of the etiology, clinical and paraclinical factors confirms the notions classically described in the literature. Three points are particularly insisted upon: 1) The effectiveness of preventive measures; 2) The monitoring of the therapy and its tolerance by means of a simple protocol; 3) The eventual possibility of an haematologic toxicity by flucytosine, the primary and secondary resistances to this anti-fungal agent. The strict application of preventive measures seems to reduce the incidence of fungal septicemia but not to eradicate them. The prognosis of these states remains grave.

Adolescent↗