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Biomedical subjects

M Castro

Publications and source records attributed to M Castro.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The correlation between the genotype and the clinical expression of cystic fibrosis].

The authors report a phenotype-genotype correlation in a population of patients from center and south Italy affected by cystic fibrosis (CF). Thirteen (21%) of patients with pancreatic insufficiency (PI) were homozygous for delta F508, seventeen (27%) were delta F508 heterozygous with an associated unknown allele. Two other described mutations (N1303K, G542X) were also found in a heterozygote status and associated with a severe clinical expression of disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ascites as an unusual manifestation of chronic granulomatous disease in childhood].

Ascites is a late and uncommon symptom of Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) of childhood following liver damage with portal hypertension due to hepatic granulomatosis. The Authors describe two patients with CGD, in whom ascites was the main symptom in the first case and the initial symptom in the second case. Ascites in these cases was not due to liver fibrosis but it was a consequence of primary bacterial peritonitis.

Ascites↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Induction of antibody response by antigen conjugates and E. coli lipopolysaccharide in mice tolerant to dextran B-512.

Three groups of mice were made tolerant to dextran (Dex) with one of three schedules: a) an immunogenic dose of 10 micrograms three times a week for 26 weeks; b) an immunogenic dose of 50 micrograms three times a week for two weeks, and c) a single tolerogenic dose of 10 mg. Prior to tolerance induction, continuous administration of 10 micrograms Dex induced a predominantly IgM antibody response. The tolerant mice were then challenged with immunogenic doses of the dextran conjugates Dex-Salmonella typhi (Dex-S. typhi) and Dex-sheep red blood cells (Dex-SRBC), and with E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IgM and IgG responses were compared in each group. Immunogenic dextran alone did not induce a response in the 1 tolerant mice. The response induced by Dex-S. typhi or Dex-SRBC was low but LPS induced an elevated anti-Dex SFC in the three groups of resistant mice. The antibody responses were not affected by pretreatment of antigen with dextranase. Loss of tolerance was more pronounced in mice made tolerant by continuous stimulation as compared to mice made tolerant by a single large dose of antigen. Thus, LPS is able to induce specific responses from B cells of tolerant animals. Furthermore, the level of response was dependent on the toleration schedule.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Prospective studies for determining the duration of prevention in superficial tumors of the bladder].

The study covers a series of 221 patients with pTa or pT1 vesical tumours who were treated by RTU and had an endovesical cytostatic agent instilled prophylactically for a year. Before beginning the tumour resection, biopsies in map with cold forceps were routinely taken from the trigone, side walls, bottom walls and vesical cup. It was decided to monitor the patients by performing cystoscopies and biopsies in map with cold forceps every quarter. During the second and third year the endoscopic and bioptic monitoring was done every six months. During the time when the cytostatic agents were instilled, a significant decrease (p less than 0.01) in the percentage of patients with 'CIS' was observed. After discontinuing the instillation, the percentage of patients with 'CIS' reversed to similar figures as seen prior to the study. It can be deduced from this observation that prophylaxis can be effective against those elements of the urothelial disease which influence the arrival of new events and the increase of the tumoral stage, and that the control of those factors disappears when the prophylaxis is discontinued. The study illustrates that prophylaxis in the urothelial disease should be maintained indefinitely.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Superficial tumor of the bladder with associated carcinoma in situ: new occurrences and increase of tumor stage].

The paper presents our experience with in situ carcinoma associated to bladder surface tumour. The relationship between in situ carcinoma associated to surface tumour and new occurrences, as well as increase of tumoral stage, versus those tumours not associated to in situ carcinoma is assessed through a comparative study. It is concluded that bladder surface tumours with associated in situ carcinoma begin to recur from the first months at higher rate than other surface tumours. Bladder surface tumours with associated in situ carcinoma, however, do not increase tumoral stage at a different rate than other surface tumours, at least not for a period of 18 months.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Vesicovaginal fistulas: correction using lyophilized dura mater].

Thirty three cases of surgically corrected vesicovaginal fistulae, from a total of 73 patients with iatrogenic or pathological urinary tract conditions examined and treated in our service, are presented in this paper. Both the etiology and different surgical techniques that can be used are reviewed, contributing the novelty use of freeze dried dura mater as the material to interpose for the correction of the fistulae by means of abdominal surgical techniques. The material was used in 6 patients, with recovery being obtained in all cases and achieving the fistulae closure with a single surgical procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tumor of the vitelline sac of the testicle (yolk sac carcinoma)].

The tumour of the yolk sac is a germinal cell neoplasia arising in the prepubertal testicles which was included in the WHO's histological classification of neoplasia of the testicles in 1977. We contribute a case of this histological variety in Stage I, according to the Royal Marsden criteria. The patient was treated with inguinal orchidectomy only and 3 years later remains disease-free.

Dysgerminoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Results of serological reactions in patients with presumptive diagnosis of toxoplasmosis].

Even though Toxoplasma gondii is an ubiquitous parasite that can effect most of human structures and organs, not all clinical manifestations suggestive of being produced by it are caused by this protozoon. For these reasons sera samples of patients suspected of having toxoplasmosis are sent to the laboratory for detecting specific antibodies which would facilitate the differential diagnosis. Thus, 716 sera from suspected patients, mainly from the Metropolitan Region of Chile, were sent to the Parasitology Laboratory of Chile University in order to carry out in them, specific serological tests for toxoplasmosis: indirect hemagglutination test (IHAT), Sabin Feldman reaction (SFT) and complement fixation test (CFT). Were considered positive: IHAT and/or SFT with titers > or = 1:16 and CFT with titer > or = 1:5. The pathologies for demanding these serological tests were obstetrical problems 210 (29.3%), congenital problems 193 (27.0%), ophthalmopathies 81 (11.3%), adenopathies 77 (10.8%), AIDS 67 (9.4%), myocardiopathies 46 (6.4%) and miscellaneous 42 (5.9%). The positivity found in these sera was higher in ophthalmopathies (61.7%), followed by obstetrical problems, miscellaneous problems, myocardiopathies and AIDS (50.7-52.4%), less frequent was the positivity in adenopathies (35.1%) and congenital problems (23.1%). In general, the 43.7% of positivity for toxoplasmosis found in these patients is higher than the 37.0% found in the general population. High titers of IHAT and SFT plus positive CFT was found in 13-fold higher proportion than in the general population.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Penile self-injection of a papaverine-phentolamine combination, as treatment of impotence, in patients treated with radical cystoprostatectomy].

Four patients with impotence secondary to radical cystoprostatectomy due to infiltrant vesical urothelial carcinoma, received treatment with a mixture of papaverine-phentolanin, at dosages of 18-0, 34 mg respectively. Good results were obtained in every occasion, all four cases achieving rigid erection for over an hour which allowed penetration. Currently, patients continue peneal self-injection treatment with these drugs, with no complications or therapy failure being reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypercalciuria and hyperuricosuria causing hematuria in the absence of nephrolithiasis].

A prospective study was made of 38 adult patients (15 male and 23 female, age 30.5 +/- 10.8 years) with isolated hematuria of unknown etiology in which presence of hypercalciuria and/or hyperuricosuria without lithiasis was observed. Eighteen patients also referred episodes of macroscopic hematuria. Twenty-six patients had hypercalciuria (5.1 +/- 1.4 mg/kg/day), 29 hyperuricosuria (1053 +/- 198 mg/day) and 17 presented both alterations. A four months treatment was instituted with thiazides in patients with hypercalciuria and allopurinol in those with hyperuricosuria. From the first months and throughout the whole therapy, urinary excretion of calcium an uric acid became normalized in all cases. In 22 patients (57.8%) (Group I: Respondents) hematuria disappeared coinciding with normalization of calcium and uric acid values in urine and was maintained during the follow-up months. In the remaining 16 patients (Group II: Non-Respondents) the hematuria condition persisted in spite of such normalization, in most cases other causes for hematuria becoming clear later. No differences with regard to age, relationship male/female nor basal calciuria and uricosuria values were seen between both Groups. Group I had a greater incidence of macroscopic hematuria episodes (64% vs 12% in Group II, p less than 0.01) and of family nephrolithiasis (64 vs 25% in Group II, p less than 0.05). We conclude that hypercalciuria and hyperuticosuria are potentially reversible causes of hematuria in adults. Therefore, urinary determination of calcium and uric acid should be included in urinary evaluation of patients with hematuria even though they do not present renal lithiasis.

Allopurinol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiological aspects of gastric adenocarcinoma in the Southern Seville area].

We performed a basic epidemiological study of gastric adenocarcinoma in the Southern Seville area, with Valme Hospital as the reference center. All cases with an endoscopic diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma carried out in our center from May 1982 through December 1987 were included in the study. Basically, the following variables were evaluated: the sex and age distribution of the neoplasia, and its mean and yearly incidence during the study period, both as a whole and in the different natural regions of the Southern Seville area. The mean age of the patients with gastric adenocarcinoma was 67 +/- 1.5; 62.8% were males and 37.2% females, with a male/female ratio of 1.68/1. The mea incidence during the study period was 5.93 cases for 100,000/year. The yearly incidence showed a mild and progressive increase until 1986 with a decrease in 1987.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunofluorescence in the determination of gliadin antibodies in celiac disease].

IgG gliadin antibodies (AGA-IgG) were detected by immunofluorescence in 78 celiac children diagnosed by jejunal biopsy. AGA-IgG were also detected in patients affected by other gastrointestinal disease, in patients with diabetes, in health children and in children with normal mucosa. AGA-IgG were found in 81% of celiac patients, while they were not detected in patients affected by other intestinal or extraintestinal diseases, neither in healthy controls. It is conclude that determination of AGA-IgG is a very specific and sensitive enough screening test before small intestinal biopsy.

Adolescent↗