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Biomedical subjects

M Castell

Publications and source records attributed to M Castell.

51 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Blood B, T, CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in female Wistar rats.

We have established reference values of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets in healthy female Wistar rats under highly standardized conditions. Using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry, T lymphocytes (OX19+), B lymphocytes (OX6+ and anti-Ig+), T-helper/inducer (W3/25+), and T-suppressor/cytotoxic subsets (OX8+) were determined, from week 11 to week 21 after birth. The mean percentages of T and B lymphocytes with respect to total lymphocytes were 78.5% and 18%, respectively; the mean percentages of T-helper/inducer and T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells in relation to T lymphocytes were 59% and 25%, respectively (n = 48). No difference in total leukocyte count, differential leukocyte analysis, or lymphocyte subsets was observed during the 10 weeks the rats were studied under standard housing conditions. Therefore, the period considered seems the most appropriate in which to carry out experiments that could involve lymphocyte subset disturbances.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Adjuvant arthritis pretreatment with type II collagen and Mycobacterium butyricum.

A treatment previous to adjuvant arthritis induction has been performed with type II collagen (CII) or Mycobacterium butyricum (Mb), which is the inducer of the pathology. Pretreatment was administered in two different ways: a) subcutaneously or intradermally 14 days before arthritis induction, and b) intravenously 3 days before induction. In order to relate the change in inflammation to the corresponding antigen immune response, serum antibodies and delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) against CII or Mb were studied. Pretreatment with s.c. CII 14 days before induction produced slight protection against arthritis and significantly delayed its onset; systemic inflammation showed good positive correlation with anti-CII antibodies. The CII administered i.v. 3 days before arthritic challenge did not significantly modify the inflammatory process. The use of i.d. subarthritogenic doses of Mb 14 days before induction protected a high percentage of the animals from the posterior arthritic challenge; this protection was accompanied by high anti-Mb antibody titers and DTH reaction. When Mb was given i.v. 3 days before induction, a partial protection of inflammation was observed; arthritis was milder and its onset was delayed. These changes were accompanied by reduced humoral and cellular response to Mb.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase as a marker of renal injury in adjuvant arthritis.

In the present study we have determined if renal damage occurs with adjuvant arthritis (AA). As a sensitive indicator of renal injury in tubular cells, urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) was measured at predetermined times after arthritis induction. Urinary protein, sodium and potassium excretion were also evaluated. NAG levels in arthritic animals were higher than those in healthy ones from day 12 after induction and the levels remained high during the study period. A significant positive correlation was noted between urinary NAG excretion and disease severity reflected by hind paw edema. Protein excretion also increased in arthritic animals but there was no correlation between urinary protein, NAG levels, and degree of inflammation. Changes in urine sodium and potassium levels did not reach statistical significance. Thus, we can conclude that some renal damage occurred in this experimental model of chronic inflammation.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1987

Serum sulfhydryl group levels in experimental chronic inflammation.

Serum sulfhydryl group concentration and protein fraction were determined in adjuvant arthritic rats, during six weeks. Significantly reduced sulfhydryl levels were found in arthritic rats from day 3 and these values remained decreased throughout the study period. Good correlation exists between serum sulfhydryl alterations and degree of inflammation measured as hind paw swelling, as well as between the former and changes in serum protein fractions.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of chronic inflammation on copper and zinc metabolism.

The effect of chronic inflammation on serum, blood and hepatic copper and zinc concentrations has been studied in arthritic female Sprague-Dawley rats, for a six week period. Metals were determined by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry and by inductively-coupled argon plasma spectrometry. Blood measurements evidenced hypercupremia and normal zinc levels. Serum and hepatic copper content were found to be increased. Serum zinc values were reduced whilst hepatic zinc concentration was higher. Serum alterations of both metals remained throughout the studied period. Good correlations were found between systemic alteration and changes in metal values.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Anti-immunoglobulin antibody detection in adjuvant arthritis by an ELISA technique.

Sprague-Dawley rats, injected in the hind paw with heat-killed mycobacteria dispersed in oil, develop a severe polyarthritis. In this paper, we detected and quantified by a micro-ELISA technique autoantibodies against immunoglobulins in rats with adjuvant arthritis. Increased total anti-immunoglobulin antibodies levels were found from 3 days after induction and remained elevated until day 42. IgG anti-immunoglobulin antibodies in arthritic animals were significantly elevated during days 35-42. These results show that alterations in the humoral immune response (synthesis of anti-immunoglobulin antibodies) are present in adjuvant arthritis as they are in human rheumatoid arthritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Detection of blocking antibodies after hyposensitization.

We have studied two techniques and developed another to detect blocking antibodies in allergic asthmatic children who have been exposed to seven months of hyposensitization to house dust. These techniques were: RAST Neutralization test (RAST-N), RAST Interference test (RAST-I) and RAST Previous Adsorption test (RAST-PA). We have also determined the specific IgE values, by radioallergosorbent test (RAST), before and after the treatment and have not found a significant decrease in these levels. The percentages of positive development of blocking antibodies obtained were: 28% by RAST-N, 80% by RAST-I and 28% by RAST-PA. Thus, RAST Interference test seems to be more sensitive concerning the qualitative determination of blocking antibodies.

Antibodies↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of adjuvants on IgG and IgE response to ovalbumin in rats.

Specific and total IgG and IgE serum levels were measured in Sprague-Dawley rats after immunization with ovalbumin (OA). OA was administered in an aqueous solution, suspended in alum or in Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) with or without simultaneous administration of Bordetella pertussis (Bp). Control groups received only saline, alum or CFA. Specific IgG, total IgG and total IgE were determined by ELISA methods. Specific IgE was biologically evaluated. The highest specific IgG and IgE antibody responses were obtained with OA suspended in alum, while Bp failed to potentiate this response. The low specific response seen with OA suspended in CFA was potentiated when Bp was simultaneously dosed. Total IgE levels were increased in those groups receiving Bp. The contribution of specific IgG or IgE response to the total IgG or IgE levels was not distinguished with this experimental procedure. It can be concluded that immunization with OA suspended in alum induces appreciable increases in specific IgG and IgE antibodies without significantly affecting total IgG and IgE levels.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic inflammation induced by type I collagen in rats.

In this study we attempt to investigate if collagen type 1 from bovine Achilles tendon is capable of causing an inflammatory response. Thus, we immunized rats with a collagen emulsion injected in the right hind paw, via subplantar, and intradermally on the back. Seven days later, the rats were reimmunized by intradermal injection on the base of the tail with an identical emulsion. The inflammatory response was assessed by measuring the hind paw swelling of the rats every seven days for two months. We also analysed the levels of anticollagen antibodies in each rat during the experimental period. An indirect microELISA method was developed to determine collagen-specific-antibodies in rat serum. We observed a chronic inflammation in 41% of immunized rats. This pathology results in local swelling in the hind paw that remained for at least two months. This model was accompanied with the production of antibodies against collagen that appeared on day 14 after induction and remained during the study period (56 days). A positive correlation between swelling and antibody titre was observed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ELISA for total IgE and IgG detection in rat serum. Changes with immunization or adjuvants.

Total IgE and IgG serum levels were measured in rats treated with egg albumin (EA), Bordetella pertussis (Bp) and aluminium hydroxide gel (alum), and in rats administered with Bordetella pertussis or alum alone. Two ELISA micromethods have been developed to measure IgE and IgG changes. Immunoglobulin serum levels were evaluated 14 days after immunization. The highest IgE levels were obtained after sensitization with EA suspended in alum s.c. and administered with Bp i.p. The IgE production induced by Bp alone was significantly lower than that of the former. The IgE concentrations from alum treated group were the same as those obtained in the untreated animals. IgG serum levels remained unchanged in the different immunization procedures assayed.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

ELISA for quantification of specific IgG and IgE antibodies to ovalbumin.

Two indirect microELISA methods have been developed to determine ovalbumin (OA)-specific IgG and total OA-specific antibodies in rat's serum. Animals were immunized with OA suspended in alum s.c. and administered i.p. with Bordetella pertussis (Bp). The study was performed using serum samples taken 14 days after immunization. Anti-OA IgG, anti-OA Ig (by indirect ELISA), total IgE and total IgG (by ELISA sandwich) and also anti-OA specific IgE (by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test) were measured. The OA concentration to coat the solid phase was 1.25 micrograms/ml. The optimal serum dilution for measuring OA-specific antibodies by the indirect ELISAs developed was between 1/640-1/1280, for both methods. Conjugate concentrations used were 1/12800 (PO-anti rat IgG) and 1/600 (PO-anti rat Ig). Considering both methods, the intra and inter-assay variability coefficients oscillate between 1.98 and 6.75%. The immunization procedure used produces a marked increase in anti-OA Ig, anti-OA IgG and specific IgE levels. The immunization does not modify total IgG levels whereas total IgE values were significantly higher. This increase can be attributed chiefly to the non-specific IgE production induced by Bp. The microELISA methods proposed in this work, are reasonable alternatives radiolabelled techniques to measure OA-specific antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evidence of autoantibodies in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis.

The adjuvant arthritis, induced by subdermal injection of heat-killed mycobacteria dispersed in oil, is a form of chronic arthritis in rats. In this paper, the production of autoantibodies against immunoglobulins in rats with adjuvant arthritis was examined by means of the latex agglutination technique. A significant agglutination titre was found in arthritic rats on day 14 of induction and these values decreased throughout the studied period. The positive results in arthritic animals were 100, 86, 86, 29 and 29% on 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 day after the induction, respectively. These results were significantly higher than those found in control animals. Correlation between latex titre and adjuvant-induced systemic swelling was observed. Treatment with benoxaprofen from day 14, produced a decrease in the latex titre and the values reached normal levels after two weeks of treatment.

Animals↗