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Biomedical subjects

M Castelain

Publications and source records attributed to M Castelain.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Antiinflammatory properties of cetirizine in a human contact dermatitis model. Clinical evaluation of patch tests is not hampered by antihistamines.

The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, cross-over pilot study was to assess the antiinflammatory properties of cetirizine. A group of 27 patients with a positive patch test to an allergen consecutively received cetirizine 10 mg o.d. or placebo during a 14-day period, respectively. At day 11 of each period, patch testing was performed with the allergen. The image analysis showed a skin reaction significantly reduced under cetirizine (p = 0.03), but the clinical recording and the standardized chromatometry did not show any difference between groups. In the cross-over analysis the results of image analysis were influenced by the period, but this effect disappeared after adjustment of the ambient temperature during the 3 days of the test. These results demonstrate that cetirizine has an impact on the inflammatory process in a clinical model of cell-mediated allergic reaction, although this effect is only detected with a very sensitive technique. They also show that it is useless to stop antihistamines before patch testing, since clinical evaluation of tests is not hampered by a potent antihistamine. Additionally this study suggests that ambient temperature has an influence on the results of tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Contact dermatoses: new antigens and current events].

Contact allergology is in perpetual evolution. The cutaneous allergens are not fixed in time but they appear and die by chance of habit or fashion changes, evolution of the chemistry, the cosmetology or the allergologist campaign. It seems interesting to consider the recent data concerning classical or new allergens.

Allergens↗
PubMed1993

Relationship between cystic duct diameter and the presence of cholelithiasis.

We sought to measure cystic duct diameter in patients without biliary calculi and in those with cholelithiasis or choledocholithiasis. Using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), we visualized the cystic duct in 168 patients referred to our unit. These patients were distributed into three groups based on findings at ERCP: Group I (N = 57), no calculi in the gallbladder or common bile duct; group II (N = 27), stones found in the gallbladder but absent from the common bile duct; and group III (N = 34), stones present in the common bile duct with or without gallbladder stones. The diameter of the cystic duct was measured at its widest and narrowest dimensions. The largest diameter measured was greater in group III (7.72 +/- 2.29 mm) than in groups I (2.63 +/- 0.67 mm) and II (4.59 +/- 1.13 mm) (P < 0.001). The same differences were found in measurement of the smallest diameter (5.00 +/- 0.99 mm, 3.10 +/- 0.62 mm, and 1.83 +/- 0.53 mm, for groups III, II, and I, respectively) (P < 0.001). Maximal and minimal cystic duct diameter show a progressive increase at each level of disease. This increase in cystic duct size may facilitate the migration of gallstone fragments after lithotripsy and facilitate the instrumentation of the cystic duct during ERCP and laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Patch test reactions to mite antigens: a GERDA multicentre study. Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches en Dermato-Allergie.

We performed patch tests with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp) antigens from 2 different sources in 355 non-randomly selected patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and 398 subjects of a control group. The study demonstrated that contact sensitization to mites occurred in an appreciable % of AD cases (20.8%), using commonly available assay products. The differences recorded between the 2 materials tested were related to the concentration of P1 antigen. Non-atopic patients rarely showed positive reactions to Dp (0.75%), when strict criteria for readings were applied and if 2 readings were performed. Patients with positive patch tests did not necessarily show positive immediate skin tests. It would be useful to carry out tests systematically in atopic patients, even if it is not yet known what modern treatment would be best for the patient. Laboratories still do not provide standardized house dust mite preparations--measuring and codifying their biological activity--for use in patch tests. It is to be hoped that the extension of this type of test will lead to the production of better test materials, in syringes with homogeneous dispersion and concentration.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1992

Occupational dermatitis in the aircraft industry: 35 years of progress.

A comparison of the occupational dermatitis occurring in the same aircraft factory during 2 separate decades, 1955-1965 and 1981-1990, is presented. Subungual pulpitis is highly specific to this industry, because of the handling of resins and sealing agents. The number of cases dropped from 122 to 40, in accordance with progress in preventive medicine and technological changes in the factory. Irritant contact dermatitis nevertheless remained appreciable, while allergic contact dermatitis greatly decreased.

Aircraft↗
PubMed1988

Sensitization to aluminium by aluminium-precipitated dust and pollen extracts.

We report 2 cases of aluminium sensitivity in adults. Each time, the means of sensitization was the inoculation of aluminium-precipitated pollen or dust extracts for hyposensitization. We conclude that aluminium allergy is not exceptional and that in these cases one can observe allergic reactions to the Finn Chamber tests.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[The Langerhans cell. Recent immunologic achievements].

The epidermal Langerhans cells has been keeping, most of its secrets for about a hundred years since its first description in 1868. Its characterization in electron microscopy by Birbeck and then the use of histoenzymology (ATPase) and monoclonal antibodies (against HLA-DR, T6, LCA, C3b...) brought a new great interest on its study. The Langerhans cell must play an important immunologic role in the epidermis because of its responsibility in the antigenic information of the lymphocytes; in this way it may represent the specific epidermal differentiation of the monocyte-macrophage cell type, which are all bone-marrow derived cells. The epidermal Langerhans cell is one of the most important links in the elicitation of contact dermatitis. Recent trends about its metabolism, antigens and functions are reviewed and discussed.

Humans↗