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Biomedical subjects

M Canteras

Publications and source records attributed to M Canteras.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of simultaneous variation of weight, density, temperature and O2 concentration on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) body composition.

The simultaneous effect of weight, initial density (kg/m3, temperature and O2 concentration on rainbow trout body composition (fat, protein, moisture and ash) has been studied. In 3 successive experimental phases fish were kept in different lots of varying initial weight (178-372 g), initial density (7.2-38.8 kg/m3) and temperature (15-20 degrees C). Simple correlations were statistically significant for weight vs fat (r = 0.56; P less than 0.001) and moisture (r = -0.57; P less than 0.001); temperature vs fat (r = 0.73; P less than 0.001) moisture (r = -0.73; P less than 0.001) and ash (r = -0.26; P less than 0.02); and O2 concentration vs fat (r = 0.22; P less than 0.05). Multivariant equations for the different compounds were obtained. Only fat and moisture percentages showed significant differences (rm = 0.75; P less than 0.00005); an inverse relation existing between them (r = -0.94; P less than 0.001). Temperature is the factor which has the strongest influence on fat and moisture when it varies simultaneously with weight, initial density and O2 concentration, which is shown by its equation coefficients (P less than 0.00005).

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1992

[Infections in the diabetic. Comparative study of infections in the foot and other locations].

Given the high morbi-mortality of foot infections among the diabetics and the poor knowledge of their predictive, clinical and evolutive factors, we have retrospectively studied a group of patients with these characteristics, comparing them with infections among diabetics affecting other locations. We studied 66 infections among diabetics: 34 patients with diabetic's foot and 32 with infections at other locations: 20 pyelonephritis and 12 pneumonias. Medical records were obtained in all cases and all patients underwent a complete physical exploration in order to assess their risk factors. We observed as a significant predictive factor of diabetic's foot, diabetes type I, with an evolution longer than 10 years, neuropathy, vasculopathy or retinopathy. From the clinical point of view and compared with the other infections, these patients showed longer hospitalization, greater initial clinical severity, glucemias higher than 200 mgr/l., anemia and high GSR. Ethiologically, the infection of diabetic's foot was polymicrobian in 42.3% of all cases, being S. aureus the microorganism more frequently isolated. On the contrary, in infections at other locations, monomicrobian flora was more frequent, being E. coli the most frequent in pyelonephritis and S. pneumoniae in pneumonias. The evolution was satisfactory in all cases, with a close medical and surgical combined treatment and the appropriate use of antibiotic combinations, mainly clindamicine + tobramicine in the diabetic's foot and cefuroxime in the other locations.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1991

[Cerebral abscess in a general hospital. Analysis of 66 consecutive cases].

BACKGROUND: Analysis of the epidemiologic characteristics of cerebral abscesses and comparison with 2 therapeutic schedules. METHODS: The clinical history of 66 patients with cerebral abscesses admitted over 14 years in the Neurosurgical Ward of the Virgen de la Arrixaca Hospital in Murcia were reviewed. Two therapeutic groups were designed of 33 and 31 patients respectively treated with classical or modern schedules and clinical efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: Infections in the ORL area, craneoencephalic trauma, and brain surgery were the predisposing factors in 63% of the cases. The most frequent symptoms were migraine, fever, and alteration of consciousness in 75, 68 and 68% respectively. The most frequent locations were the temporal (36%), parietal (26%) and frontal lobes (23%). Microbiological studies were positive in 75% of the patients with the most frequent microorganisms being group A Streptococcus, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobes. Mortality was 14%. Twenty-two percent of the patients had neurological sequelae. The rate of mortality was significantly associated to age greater than 40 years, fatal underlying disease, coma, initial clinical criteria and inadequate antibiotic treatment. The combination of cephotaxime-metronidazole was significantly associated to greater cure in comparison with the classical antibiotic combination although no significant differences were found in either the rate of mortality or relapse. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of cephotaxime-metronidazole may constitute an interesting advance in the treatment of these processes. The epidemiological data obtained confirm those of larger series.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

[Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia].

BACKGROUND: This study was prompted by the increasing role of E. faecalis in hospital acquired infections, their morbidity and mortality and the development of resistances. The aim of the study was to define the epidemiological features, the predictive factors of bacteremia and the mortality prognosis in a group of patients with E. faecalis bacteremia. METHODS: The clinical and epidemiological features on admission, after 3 days and one week of therapy and one month after therapy were evaluated in 57 cases of true E. faecalis bacteremia. The effectiveness of therapy was assessed by the rate of clinical and microbiological cures, deaths and survivals. RESULTS: The incidence of E. faecalis bacteremia was 5.9%. 78% of them were hospital acquired, with unknown source in 31%. Generally, they developed in surgical services and usually the patients had received antibiotic treatment or instrumentation. 63% of bacteremias were monomicrobial. Male sex, hospitalization (particularly in surgical or intensive care services), underlying disease of rapidly fatal prognosis, the previous use of third generation cephalosporins and/or ciprofloxacin, and previous instrumentation or surgery were found to be predictive factors of bacteremia. On the other hand, underlying disease with rapidly fatal prognosis, with initial poor or critical clinical condition, the previous use of wide spectrum antibiotics, polymicrobial bacteremia, and the presence of leukocytosis or complications were significantly associated with a higher mortality. The resistance rates ranged between 42% to kanamycin and 1% to amikacin. CONCLUSIONS: In view of the results, a better knowledge of the predictive and prognostic factors of E. faecalis bacteremia is required for prevention and treatment.

Enterococcus faecalis↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of the efficacy of three different treatments with imipenem versus the classical clindamycin plus tobramycin in experimental peritonitis.

This study compares the efficacy of three different treatment modalities of imipenem/cilastatin and the conventional clindamycin plus tobramycin in an experimental model of intra-abdominal sepsis. 145 Wistar rats were used. 40 served as control and 105 as study groups. A capsule with 0.5 ml of inoculum was surgically implanted in the peritoneal cavity. The inoculum was prepared from human feces of healthy volunteers, with a composition of E. coli 10(6), E. faecalis 10(6), B. fragilis, Clostridium sp 10(5) to 10(6) and anaerobic streptococci 10(5) to 10(6). Eighty animals were treated with imipenem/cilastatin and divided in 3 subgroups: "short pretreatment"--29 animals treated 1 hour prior to surgery and 3 days after; "short"--26 animals starting treatment 2 hours post-surgery and continuing it for 3 days; and "long"--25 animals treated for 10 days, starting 2 hours post-surgery. 25 animals received clindamycin plus tobramycin for 10 days. Mortality and the presence of visceral and peritoneal abscesses were the endpoints of the study. The control group had 100% mortality. There were no statistically significant differences among the treated groups although lower mortality was obtained with "short pretreatment" and "long" treatment with imipenem. The presence of abscesses were statistically significant between the imipenem and the combination group. In the imipenem groups, the "short pretreatment" and the long treatment had fewer abscesses than the short one. We conclude that imipenem may be a good alternative monotherapy to conventional therapy with clindamycin plus tobramycin. The "short pretreatment" seemed as good as the long one and better than the short treatment.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

[Infections and systemic lupus erythematosus. Analysis of risk factors and prognosis. A prospective study (1979-1988)].

We have prospectively studied 48 patients previously diagnosed of systemic lupus erythematosus over a mean follow up period of 5.8 years of which 28 presented 36 episodes of infection and 20 did not develop infections. Urinary infections were the most frequent kind of infection followed by pneumonia and bacteriemia; the most frequently isolated microorganism responsible for those infections were E. colii, staphylococcus aureu and P. mirabillis. We have found a risk factors that and impared renal function an steroid treatment over 20 mg/day were significantly associated with a increasing number of infectious precesses. On the contrary, we have observed that only a bad and critical clinical situation had prognostic value and was significantly associated with an increased mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Age estimation by IBAS image analysis of teeth.

The study of teeth to estimate age in a cadaver or in remains has become widely accepted in legal medicine, especially since the appearance of Gustafson's work in 1950. However, many studies published since that time have questioned the accuracy of these determinations. Computerized image analysis (IBAS) provides much more precise measurements of the parameters involved in these studies. An IBAS I (Kontron) image analysis system was used to study 19 different morphological parameters in midsagittal sections of a total of 173 upper and lower central incisors from as many live subjects. The data thus obtained provide useful information for determining the subject's age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of ceftazidime monotherapy in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremias. Prospective study].

Twenty-six episodes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia treated with intravenous ceftazidime, 4-6 g/day were evaluated. Treatment was begun within the first 24 hours after the isolation of the microorganism and was maintained for 10-12 days. In two patients with neutropenia amikacin was added during the initial 48-72 hours until the susceptibility to ceftazidime was known. All isolates were sensitive to ceftazidime. The most common underlying diseases were neoplasia (12), diabetes with stroke (4), neurosurgical and vascular procedures (4), rheumatoid arthritis (2), burns (2), cor pulmonale (1), and hypertension (1). The origins of bacteremia were urinary (12), pulmonary (9), and unknown (5). The infection was hospital-acquired in 77% and community-acquired in 23%. A critical clinical status and the presence of complications were significantly (p less than 0.01) associated with an increased mortality rate. Clinical outcome was good in 18/26 (70%), with a 30% mortality rate. The microbiological evolution showed 14 eradications, 6 persistences, 3 relapses and 3 colonizations. Resistance did not develop during therapy. Ceftazidime may be a good alternative therapy for these severe infections, although wider comparative studies are required for a better evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Thermotherapy for Harding-Passey melanoma: light and electron microscopic study.

The changes of implanted Harding-Passey melanoma in C57Bl/6J mice following treatment with wholebody hyperthermia were studied. The treated tumours showed a progressive growth delay, cellular and architectural irregularities as well as cell injury characteristics. The presence of distended and irregular blood vessels, the peripheral localization of the melanosomes and the melanosome complexes were constant.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity in plasma, spleen and adrenal gland of streptozotocin-diabetic rats: correlation with cataracts.

In streptozotocin-diabetic rats a large increase in plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity was observed. This increase returned to control values with sufficient insulin doses (6 I.U/day); lower insulin doses did not allow normal level to be reached, a dose-dependent decrease being observed. Although the glycemia levels in the diabetic state are responsible for the plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, there is no exact ratio between these two parameters when diabetic animals are treated with different insulin doses which suggests not only the clearance of plasmatic dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, but a contribution from exocytotic tissues as well. In the experimental conditions, before cataracts appeared, the animals about to develop opaque lenses showed a greater dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity than those which were to remain without this complication. After three months in diabetic state, the severity of disease was evident in the animals with cataracts since they showed a significantly higher function of the sympathoadrenal axis, expressed in spleen and adrenal dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity. Plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, as a minority glycoprotein can be considered a useful parameter of other mannose-terminal glycoproteins without having a well-known function, and also as a high risk protein, the accumulation of which in several places contributes to the complex pathogenic mechanism of diabetes complications.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thermochemotherapy for B16 melanoma: combination therapy of hyperthermia, melphalan, and CCNU in mice.

We studied, by means of quantitative histopathological methods, the changes that took place in B16 melanoma implanted into C57BL/6J mice after combination treatment of hyperthermia, melphalan, and 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU). The studies were made on animals sacrificed on days 11, 18, and 25 after implantation. Tumors in treated animals showed a progressive delay in growth, a noticeably reduced number of metastases, and diminution of proliferative capacity. However, this treatment did not affect necrosis, stroma, capsule, or cell infiltration. Ultrastructurally, signs of cell damage were constantly present.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Simultaneous effect of initial weight, initial crowding, temperature and O2 concentration on the nutritional use of food by rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

The simultaneous effects of initial weight, initial crowding, temperature and O2 concentration on the following ratios: relative growth rate percent (RGRP), feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and protein productive value (PPV) were studied in the rainbow trout. Multivariant equations were obtained for each of the mentioned indices. The joint effects of these factors were evidenced by means of a multiple correlation analysis. The influence of temperature and, to a lesser extent, of crowding, and O2 concentration on the nutritional use of food by the trout was demonstrated, their fundamental dependence on factors extrinsic to the animal being underlined. The non proportional changes in PER and PPV as temperature rises revealed that an increasing part of the ingested aminoacids were used for synthesis of fat, non for proteins edification.

Animal Feed↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors simultaneously affecting the growth of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

Growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is examined in relation to simultaneous variation of initial weight, initial density, temperature and time (days). Twenty-six lots of medium weight were set up, ranging from 92 to 372 g; initial density ranged from 7.2 to 38.8 kg/m3; and temperatures from 14 degrees C in winter to 20 degrees well into spring. Experimental periods carried out were of 7, 20, 38 and 26 days duration. By multiple correlation and regression analysis, predictive equations for increments in weight, final density were obtained in relation to the afore mentioned variables and ranges. The values of multiple correlation obtained were highly significant. We confirmed that the effect of each factor on growth is modified by the simultaneous action of the other variables.

Animals↗