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Biomedical subjects

M C Stewart

Publications and source records attributed to M C Stewart.

26 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The reversal of xylazine/ketamine immobilisation of fallow deer with yohimbine.

Fallow deer were immobilised using a combination of xylazine and ketamine. Adult males (n = 10) and adult females (n = 10) received 4 mg/kg of each drug intramuscularly. Juveniles (n = 11) received 2 mg/kg of each drug, intravenously. Times to recumbency were as follows: adult males 4.9 +/- 2.9 min, adult females 4.1 +/- 1.9 min, juveniles 2.3 +/- 1.1 min. After 30 min each deer received 0.2 mg/kg of yohimbine, or an equal volume of sterile diluent intravenously. Yohimbine substantially reduced the recovery times of treated deer. Adults males were releasable 7.2 +/- 4.3 min after yohimbine administration, whereas control males were not releasable until 165 +/- 18 min. Treated adult females were releasable after 6.6 +/- 4.3 min, while control females were not releasable until 84 +/- 29 min. Juveniles were releasable 2.1 +/- 0.8 min after administration of yohimbine but control juveniles were not releasable until 62 +/- 16 min. Xylazine/ketamine administration produced statistically significant changes in packed cell volume, total plasma protein, albumin, sodium, glucose, creatine phosphokinase and inorganic phosphate values after 30 min. Yohimbine administration had no effect on these changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Experimental tibial fractures in rabbits simulating proximal tibial metaphyseal fractures in children.

The etiology of valgus deformity after a seemingly innocuous fracture of the proximal tibial metaphysis in children is unknown. The purpose of this work was to identify the etiology of this deformity using a rabbit model. Twenty-two eight-week-old rabbits were divided into two groups. In Group I, the medial periosteum was excised from the left proximal tibial metaphysis. A partial osteotomy was created 5 mm distal to the epiphyseal plate, involving the medial one-half of the tibial metaphysis. Two 0.7-mm Kirschner wires were placed as markers on each side of the osteotomy. In Group II, the identical procedure was performed from the lateral side. Standard roentgenograms were obtained postoperatively and weekly until death by sodium pentobarbital overdose at six weeks. The angular deformity, medial growth, and lateral growth were calculated from the markers on the roentgenograms. All tibias were decalcified and analyzed under light microscopy. In Group I, all 11 rabbits developed valgus deformity averaging 12.2 degrees; asymmetric growth was statistically significant. In Group II, ten of 11 rabbits developed varus deformity averaging 9.8 degrees; asymmetric growth was not statistically significant. Despite obvious asymmetric growth in both groups, light microscopy failed to reveal any asymmetry of the physis. Valgus and varus deformities are secondary to asymmetric growth, which is not demonstrable by light microscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Primary medical care in a paediatric accident and emergency department.

The characteristics of a random sample of 853 children who attended the accident and emergency department of the Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children were studied prospectively to determine the extent to which the department was being used to provide primary medical care. Direct parent referrals accounted for 69% of all attendances with a further 21% referred by the family doctor. Parental preference and accessibility were the main reasons given for choosing to attend the department with the latter significantly higher among out-of-hours attendances. However, only 37 of the 585 parent referrals had made an attempt to contact the family doctor. Overall, 33.9% of children were felt to be inappropriate attenders, i.e. were neither accident nor emergency cases, and the proportion was highest among the parent-referred groups. The present financial restraints facing the National Health Service make it uneconomical to provide primary medical care at both hospital and community level. However, the level of demand for the accident and emergency department, together with the attitudes of those who attend, make it unlikely that a more rational use of resources will be achieved in the foreseeable future.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Osteomyelitis of the ilium secondary to external pelvic fixation.

Orthopedic surgeons commonly rely on external pelvic fixation in the treatment of pelvic fractures. Superficial pin tract infections have been reported with the use of this fixation, but we found no deep, chronic infections documented in the literature. We report here the case of a 24-year-old man with chronic bilateral iliac osteomyelitis following external pelvic fixation.

Adult↗