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Biomedical subjects

M C Mouren

Publications and source records attributed to M C Mouren.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Association between symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and bulimic behaviors in a clinical sample of severely obese adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: Preliminary evidence suggests a comorbidity between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity. This study was carried out to identify the clinical characteristics of obese adolescents with a higher probability of ADHD and advance the understanding of the potential factors underlying the comorbidity between obesity and ADHD. We evaluated the association between ADHD symptoms and bulimic behaviors, depressive and anxiety symptoms, degree of obesity, pubertal stage, age and gender in a clinical sample of obese adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: Ninety-nine severely obese adolescents aged 12-17 years. MEASUREMENTS: Subjects filled out the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh, the Beck Depression Inventory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children. Their parents completed the Conners Parent Rating Scale, which assesses ADHD symptoms. The degree of overweight was expressed as body mass index-z score. Puberty development was clinically assessed on the basis of Tanner stages. RESULTS: Bulimic behaviors were significantly associated with ADHD symptoms after controlling for depressive and anxiety symptoms. The degree of overweight, pubertal stage, age and gender were not significantly associated with ADHD symptoms. CONCLUSION: Obese adolescents with bulimic behaviors may have a higher probability to present with ADHD symptoms independently from associated depressive or anxiety symptoms. The degree of overweight, pubertal stage, age and gender might not be useful for detecting obese adolescents with ADHD symptoms. Therefore, we suggest systematic screening for ADHD in obese adolescents with bulimic behaviors. Further studies are needed to understand which specific dimension of ADHD primarily accounts for the association with bulimic behaviors. Future research should also investigate the causal link between bulimic behaviors and ADHD and explore potential common neurobiological alterations. This may lead to a better understanding of the effectiveness of stimulants for the treatment of bulimic behaviors in obese subjects.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Fragile X syndrome and very early onset schizophrenia: a female case study].

Genotype-phenotype relationship studies for psychiatric disorders in females carrying fragile X syndrome full mutation and premutation underline association with schizo-affective disorders. In female children with X fragile full mutation, only behavioural symptoms and no standardised psychiatric disorders have been systematically explored. Therefore, we report the case of a nine-year-old girl carrying the fragile X syndrome full mutation with a comorbid childhood onset schizophrenia (COS), and of her mother carrying the fragile X syndrome premutation and a comorbid schizotypal personality disorder. The impact of these associations is discussed regarding the recent literature in chromosome anomalies in COS.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed2005

Meta-analysis of family-based association studies between the dopamine transporter gene and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

INTRODUCTION: Molecular genetic research has mainly focused on the D4 dopamine receptor (DRD4) and the dopamine transporter (DAT) genes in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A recent meta-analysis showed that the DRD4 gene has a significant role in the vulnerability to ADHD. OBJECTIVES: With an equal number of positive and negative association studies between the 10-repeat of the DAT gene and ADHD, a meta-analysis is required for this other candidate gene. METHODS: We re-analysed the 13 published family-based association studies between ADHD and the DAT gene. Following recent recommendations, different biases were specifically assessed, such as the sample-size effect and the time effect. RESULTS: The meta-analysis showed no significant association between ADHD and the DAT gene (P = 0.21), but an important between-samples heterogeneity (P = 0.0009). Odds ratios above 1 are mostly observed in studies with a small number of informative transmissions, and decrease with larger sample size. CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to what was found for the DRD4 gene, the 10-repeat allele of the DAT gene has at most a minor role in the genetic susceptibility of ADHD. The different biases detected herein probably explain the initial impression of a significant impact of the DAT gene on hyperactivity.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1986

[Apropos of mother-child hospitalizations: mother-child hospitalization in a child psychology service].

Mother-child hospitalization is still rarely practiced in child psychiatric services. The experience of this kind of care in the child and adolescent psychopathology service in the Herold Hospital (Paris), however, demonstrates its interest. It permits one to respect the bond of attachment and proves to be a useful instrument of psychiatric evaluation of children, particularly in greater diagnostic precision to which the observation of the mother-child unit also contributes. The conjoint hospitalization, however, involves some risks, which can be anticipated in pre-hospitalization work up: repercussion on the family, difficulties in the functioning of the care taking team, and especially the impact on the mother of the hospitalization which creates a real crisis situation which must be handled in order to be able to use the maturative possibilities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of childhood and adolescent depression with mianserin.

The efficacy of mianserin in treating adult depression is now well established. Since there are no publications concerning the use of mianserin in children, the authors set up an open pilot study of 110 depressed children and adolescents aged 8-19 years. The average dose of mianserin was 1 mg/kg/day. Efficacy of treatment was noticeable by the end of the first week and was maintained throughout the 60 day study period. Evaluation was based on both clinical observations and changes in scores obtained from 80 subjects. Side-effects were minimal leading to temporary withdrawal of treatment in only seven cases. The profile of mianserin in children and adolescents is similar to that of adults. It is an antidepressant with an anxiolytic component, and has a regulating effect on sleep. In view of its efficacy, compliance, and the very low incidence of side-effects, mianserin appears to be a useful treatment for depression in children and adolescents. The results of this open study justify the development of further controlled studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Animals and their masters. Psychological and psychopathological aspects].

Animals have always occupied a privileged place beside man and with him form a couple, a duality. In the first part the authors study the psychology of the adopted animal. Then they look at greater length into the personality of his owner, with particular insistence on the reasons for acquiring it, on the choice of animal (dog, cat, horses), on the part it plays in the life of its master, and on the latter's reaction at his companion's death. They also tackle the problem of man's abnormal behaviour in relation to animals, especially bestiality.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Recent data on Lafora disease. Apropos of 17 cases].

This study reviews 99 anatomically verified case of Lafora body disease (82 from the literature and 17 personal cases). The clinical symptoms of the disease are characterised by the triad; epilepsy, myoclonus and dementia. An anatomical and histochemical study has been undertaken and as a result emphasis is given to recent hypotheses that suggest there are similarities with Type IV glycogen storage disease (Andersen's disease) which, although clinically distinct, has the same enzyme defect.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Depression in the child: Clinical and psychopathological aspects].

The present work is exclusively about depressions in childhood till the end of latency (11--12 years old children). It serves a double purpose: to try and show that children from their earliest childhood can be subject to feelings of sadness, moodiness, dismay, self-depreciation; to facilitate, through a better clinical and psychological knowledge, diagnoses in (cases of) depressions. In the first part, we shall study the different clinical forms of depressive states, their factors and their evolution. Three cases of personnal observations will illustrate those theoretic data. The relations between suicide and depression are introduced in the second part of this work. Finally, the authors will tell about the main psychanalytic works which permit to progress towards the recognition of the central function of the depressive phenomena in the structure of a personnality.

Bipolar Disorder↗
PubMed1977

[Vagrancy: psychological and psychopathological aspects].

The authors, after defining the words "vagrancy" and "vagrant", explore their semantical field and try to specify differences in respect of neighbouring words, often confused with them. An historical sketch of vagrancy, from antiquity to the present era, is depicted. There after, the authors state the evolution of theories of vagrancy, from the biological, psychological, psychiatrical and sociological points of view. The last part of the paper considers psychopathology of vagrancy, specially in psychoanalytical and phenomenological approaches, and problems of rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Post emotional syndromes (author's transl)].

On the basis of ten clinical cases of post emotional shock, the following aspects are discussed: the causal emotion and its characteristics, its psychological repercussions and the mechanisms involvent, the clinical patterns observed, both somatic and psychic, and their interpretation. Attention is called to the consequences of such emotions from the forensic view-point and the need to ascertain and specify the nature and intensity of the emotional trauma and the actual state of anxiety. Emphasis is laid on the difficulty of making expert appraisals and fixing equitable compensations, as experts differ and their approaches to the problem and also because of the functional character of sequela and their varying degree of severity.

Accidents, Occupational↗
PubMed1975

[Tumors of the glomus jugulare].

Tumours of the glomus jugulare always raise diagnostic and therapeutic problems. We decided to review the pathology and clinical findings whilst reporting a typical case found on our neurology unit. After a brief review of the embryology, anatomy and histology of the glomus jugulare, the authors report the case of a patient who presented a recurrent intracranial form with involvement of several cranial nerves, together with associated involvement of the carotid glomus. This was a familial disease. The patient was operated on with excellent results. The authors then present a clinical description of the various signs in glomus tumours,; depending more on the origin of the tumours than on the length of history. They then criticize the diagnostic interest of radiology, emphasizing the interest of angiography which may demonstrate a pathological vascular focus derived from the internal carotid artery together with the vertebro-basilar system. Retrograde jugulography also provides important information. The treatment of glomus jugulare tumours is, above all, surgical. They are approached through the ear in order to localise the intra-petrous part, or else, they may be approached through the skull. A combined otological and neuro-surgical approach to sometimes necessary for the lesion may involve both the petromastoid region and the posterior cerebral fossa. Radiotherapy is often advised after operation, in view of the importance of the vascular component of these tumours. The results of treatment are, on the whole, satisfactory.

Female↗