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Biomedical subjects

M C Morales

Publications and source records attributed to M C Morales.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effect of long-term oral nisoldipine on infarct size and collateral development in pigs undergoing gradual occlusion of the left circumflex artery.

We examined the effects of nisoldipine on infarct size and collateral development in pigs, whose coronary circulation is similar to that of humans, using an experimental protocol reproducing as closely as possible the usual clinical setting. Fifteen pigs undergoing left circumflex Ameroid-occlusion were randomized into a control group (n = 8) and a group (n = 7) treated with oral nisoldipine 0.03 mg/kg every 6 h for 1 month starting on the second postoperative day. Infarct size (tetrazolium red) was 37.2 +/- 9.2% of the circumflex distribution in the control group and 10 +/- 3.2% in the treated group (p less than 0.01). Endocardial and transmural blood flows (microspheres) in the circumflex distribution were significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in the treated group (control endocardial 1.25 +/- 0.1 mg/g/min, treated endocardial 1.77 +/- 0.26 ml/g/min; control transmural 1.39 +/- 0.08 ml/g/min; treated transmural 1.78 +/- 0.23 ml/g/min). Epicardial flow and the ratio of subendocardial to subepicardial blood flow (endo/epi) were nonsignificantly higher in treated pigs. No differences were observed in heart rate (HR) and aortic pressure (AP). We conclude that in pigs undergoing left circumflex Ameroid-occlusion, long-term oral nisoldipine reduces infarct size and enhances collateral circulation to the ischemic myocardium.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Neuronal typology of Gallotia galloti optic tectum.

The object of this work has been to show neuronal typology and stratification of the optic tectum in Gallotia galloti adult specimens so as to have a basic model for the neuronal genesis study. As methodology Nissl and Golgi-Stensaas technique were employed. Six strata have been identified that include 14 layers where the neuronal types can be included, poligonals, bipolar, monopolar and stellate types. The stratification of the optic tectum in the 14 layers is corroborated in Reptiles, a fact which is maintained in birds, and is reduced in amphibians, urodels, and fish here the reptil optic tectum presentes an extraordinary importance in the study of the auditive and visual vias in phylogeny.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Animal model of acute pulmonary thromboembolism treated by local recirculation of streptokinase through the lung.

Massive acute pulmonary thromboembolism has a high mortality within the first few hours. Surgical intervention can remove only larger thrombi. Systemic fibrinolytic administration requires many hours for adequate treatment. We describe an anesthetized dog model of acute, massive, disseminated pulmonary thromboembolism achieved by injection of 1.7 ml/kg of 1-hour-old thrombi directly into the pulmonary artery. The emboli were lysed with 50,000 IU streptokinase recirculated for 20 minutes through the isolated pulmonary vascular bed by use of a roller pump while the systemic bed was supported by conventional cardiopulmonary bypass. On reestablishing natural circulation all hemodynamic parameters returned to preembolism values. Success of lysis was histologically confirmed. Perfusion of the pulmonary vascular bed without inclusion of streptokinase in the perfusate worsened the hemodynamic state of the animals compared with an untreated nonperfused control group.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Challenge tests with tartrazine in patients with asthma associated with intolerance to analgesics (ASA-Triad). A comparative study with placebo.

In a study of the incidence of respiratory reaction to tartrazine, challenge tests were made with doses of 5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg of tartrazine and with a placebo, on forty-seven patients with asthma associated with intolerance to analgesics (ASA-Triad). The patient's clinical and spirographic condition was satisfactory when the test was made, and the administration of bronchodilators had been stopped 24 hr previously. In a total of 141 tests with tartrazine on forty-seven patients, only five tests were positive and occurred in only four patients. In three patients the test gave a negative result when repeated with an identical or larger dose of tartrazine. Only one patient had a respiratory reaction with 5 mg of tartrazine on two successive occasions, and this result is considered doubtful bearing in mind that the variation in FEV1 was at its limit. All the tests with placebo were negative except one. The clinical lability of the ASA-Triad patients could be the cause of some of the respiratory reactions attributed to tartrazine in some studies. The lability could, above all, be dependent on the suppression of the symptomatic treatment. The inconvenience associated with a colour-free diet and the small incidence of proven reactions to tartrazine, tend to invalidate the practice of recommending such diets unless evidence is available of a positive challenge test on at least two occasions. Even so, the risks induced are minimal.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Venezuelan equine encephalitis. 1995 outbreak: clinical profile of the case with neurologic involvement].

INTRODUCTION: Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus has caused periodic epidemics and epizootics in the American continent since the 1920s. Such events have been profusely documented from the epidemiologic point of view, however, reports concerning the clinical features of this disease are rather scarce. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics evidenced by Venezuelan equine encephalitis patients from Zulia state (western Venezuela) studied during the outbreak that occurred in Colombia and Venezuela in 1995. These cases, classified as complicated, were hospitalized at the Hospital Universitario de Maracaibo, state of Zulia, Venezuela. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The clinical charts of 313 Venezuelan equine encephalitis patients hospitalized during the period January 1st 1995-March 31st 1996 were reviewed. These cases accounted for 2.82% of 11,072 patients that were medically assisted during the outbreak. The following variables were analyzed: age, gender, signs and symptoms, contact history, complications and evolution. RESULTS: Intracranial hypertension signs became eloquent in 55.9% of these patients. Neurologic complications were represented by two cases of cerebellitis, two cases of meningoencephalitis and one case of encephalomyelitis. The mortality rate was 1.7%. CONCLUSION: Our results corroborate the benign evolutionary profile that is typical of this entity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cerebellar ataxia of Norman-Jaeken. Presentation of seven Spanish patients].

AIM: To show that the cerebellar ataxias described by Norman and by Jaeken (CDG1a) are the same disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Seven patients, five females and two males (there were two siblings pairs), who presented a severe cerebellar disease slowly progressive associated with generalized cerebellar atrophy. The sister of one of the patients of the series had been studied because of psychomotor retardation but she died at two years of age due to respiratory problems. An autopsy was carried out that showed severe cerebellar atrophy, and the histological study revealed loss of granular cells and diverse abnormalities of Purkinje's cells, especially focal swellings of 'asteroid bodies' or 'cactus like' type. This suggested to us that Norman's ataxia and CDG1a could be the same pathological entity. RESULTS: All seven patients had severe cerebellar hypoplasia-atrophy and a small brainstem. Most patients showed peripheral neuropathy with decreased motor nerve conduction velocity, but very little decreased sensory nerve conduction velocity. All seven patients had highly raised serum concentrations of asialotransferrin, and heterozygous molecular PMM2 deficit (CDG1a). One of these seven cases was the patient whose sister had histological cerebellar changes corresponding to Norman's ataxia. CONCLUSION: The findings observed in our series suggest that the diseases described by Norman and Jaeken are the same pathological entity and CDG1a can be the biological basis of the histological changes of the cerebellum in Norman's ataxia. We suggest the name of Norman-Jaeken ataxia or disease for this entity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Three cases involving each of the anatomo-clinical variants.

Three patients suffering from eosinophilic gastroenteritis belonging to each of the three anatomo-clinical forms are involved in this study. The disease has a high blood eosinophilia and in the anatomo-pathological studies it is established that there is an eosinophilic infiltration in some portion of the gastrointestinal tract. The localization of this infiltration in the mucous, muscular or serous layers of the digestive canal allows the three varieties to be distinguished, each one having an individual clinical pattern. In the patient with the mucous form, analytical and clinical evidence of atopy is observed, as well as certain types of food which trigger off the symptoms. The exclusion diet and the membrane-stabilizing drugs, disodium cromoglycate and ketotifen produce clear therapeutic effects. Conversely, in those patients where the eosinophilic infiltration is in the muscular or serous layers, no food inductors are found and a therapy based on diet with subsequent administration of the above-mentioned drugs proves to be ineffective. The course of the disease in these cases is unpredictable and steroid drugs must be used frequently. The clinical, anatomo-pathological and analytical characteristics, together with the therapeutic results and subsequent development, lead us to assume a reaginic immunological mechanism in the mucous membrane, but, in the other forms there is no clear pathogenic mechanism to explain the anatomo-pathological findings and the clinical symptoms.

Adult↗