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Biomedical subjects

M C Martin

Publications and source records attributed to M C Martin.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cesarean section: recent trends.

There has been a rapid increase in the number of cesarean sections performed. At the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital in Montreal, the authors reviewed the records of all cesarean sections performed between Jan. 1, 1973 and Dec. 31, 1979. The rate increased from 10,8% in 1973 to 19% in 1977, due primarily to an increasing trend to diagnose, and perform cesarean section for, dystocia. All breech presentations are also delivered by cesarean section but fewer cesarean sections are being performed for fetal distress. Cesarean section is still a major operation and the procedure is associated with substantial maternal morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Mid-trimester abortions: a decade in review.

At the Sir Mortimer B. Davis-Jewish General Hospital in Montreal, the total number of abortions increased over the 10-year period Jan. 1, 1970 to Dec 31, 1979 but the percentage of mid-trimester abortions performed fell after 1974 to 2.1% at the end of the study period. The authors reviewed the records of 1422 patients who underwent mid-trimester abortions over the 10 years of the study to determine which technique was the safest, the quickest and the most commonly performed. Initially, saline instillation was the commonest method but this has been replaced by injection of prostaglandin F2 alpha, which was found to be the quickest acting of the fluids used. Hysterotomy and hysterectomy were associated with higher complication rates than other methods, confirming the authors' belief that they should be used only under exceptional circumstances.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1981

Field trials of a tactile acoustic monitor for the profoundly deaf.

Profoundly deaf subjects were given information about sound level in their environment by means of a body-worn unit coupled to a small vibrator worn on the finger. Results of trials on 19 adults are discussed. The Tactile Acoustic Monitor was found to be useful for identifying domestic sounds by means of their distinctive timing patterns. No significant overall improvement in subject's control of voice level was observed, although some subjects found that having a voice level monitor gave them greater confidence to join conversations. Various design improvements were suggested by the trials. Modifications which have been incorporated into an improved unit are described.

Deafness↗
PubMed1981

Cesarean section while on cardiac bypass: report of a case.

The first case of cesarean section while the patient was on cardiac bypass with favorable outcome for both mother and perinate is reported. the surgery was necessary because of a thrombosed mitral valve prosthesis. The major management dilemmas posed by this unusual case stimulated a survey of the literature concerning maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnancies complicated by cardiac disease, cardiac surgery, prosthetic valves, and/or anticoagulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A tactile sound level monitor for the profoundly deaf.

A profoundly deaf person can be made aware of certain features of his acoustic environment by means of a vibrating transducer on the skin. The design of such a system for transmitting sound level information is discussed. Preliminary trials suggest that the device assists profoundly deaf users to control their voice volume and can also give useful information about other sounds in the environment.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Physical and subjective correlates of earmould occlusion.

Physical and subjective aspects of earmould occlusion are examined and related. In particular, measurements made in an ear-like coupler for various venting arrangements are compared with those obtained subjectively by a loudness balance procedure. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of an open (completely non-occluding) earmould at low-frequency sound reduction but indicate some of the factors which make its individual effect difficult to predict. It is further seen the group of hearing-impaired persons was less able to make systematic judgements on sound quality than was the control group of normally hearing persons.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1978

Some aspects of auditory space, speech perception and the use of hearing aids.

The auditory space of an individual is operationally defined as that perceptual area that lies between the upper tolerance level for loud sounds and the threshold of hearing for a specified range of frequencies. Results from recent experimental work are presented to show a difference of some 15 dB between comfortable listening level and loudness discomfort-level, up to 80 dB hearing loss. Results are also shown for the measurement of reaction time to a 2AFC task testing the ability to discriminate initial consonants. Loudness scaling is suggested as a method of eliciting supra-threshold measurements which might be helpful in the fitting of hearing aids.

Audiometry, Speech↗
PubMed1977

Listening levels through hearing aids: a difference of opinion.

The present authors find it impossible to compare their work with that of Powell & Tucker (Scand Audiol 5, 167, 1976) due to the lack of original data in the latter paper. The present authors papers were not written with the prime view of presenting predictive values but of reporting data on hearing aid users. The predictive value of our results has been largely and not very carefully inferred by Powell & Tucker. The predictive values of gain or output may be inferred from current research and the Powell & Tucker paper confirms the previous work rather than repudiates it. It is obvious that research workers should co-operate in using clearly stated methods and publishing original data in their papers. Furthermore it is important that the terminology used is of a standard form--or if not, that each new term is clearly defined.

Auditory Threshold↗
PubMed1977

Communication systems for deaf people: a review of possibilities.

This article reviews the possibilities for communication in deaf people. The various types of deafness are categorised and their associated problems briefly discussed. Communication aids are then described in greater detail in terms of the three possible modes of transmission and reception: speech, the written word and coded signals.

Communication↗