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Biomedical subjects

M C Kew

Publications and source records attributed to M C Kew.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Hypercholesterolaemia in primary cancer of the liver.

Hepatic synthesis of cholesterol in higher animals is normally markedly suppressed by dietary cholesterol. This feedback regulation has been shown to be absent in all experimental hepatomas studied, and also in the only 2 humans with primary hepatocellular cancer (PHC) who have been investigated. Another patient who presented with hypercholesterolaemia is described in whom cholesterogenesis in the tumour was not suppressed by cholesterol feeding. In order to determine the frequency with which hypercholesterolaemia occurs in PHC, serum cholesterol levels were measured in 132 Black patients with this tumour. Raised levels were found in 14 of the patients (11%). In only 2 of these was hypercholesterolaemia associated with obstructive jaundice.

Acetates↗
PubMed1975

Hepatitis B (surface) antigen in mothers and their infants.

Hepatitis B (surface) antigen (HBSAg) was found in the serum of 8 out of 4 245 women attending the antenatal clinic of the Queen Victoria Maternity Hospital Seven (0, 16%) were asymptomatic carriers of the antigen, while the eigth suffered from polyarteritis nodosa. Seven of the 8 babies born to these mothers were followed-up over periods of up to 18 months, and 1 has become a chronic carrier of HBSAg. The antigen was not detected in the colostrum (breast milk) of the 6 positive mothers tested, but it was present in amniotic fluid, placenta and cord blood of some of the mother-infant couples. The possible routes of transmission of the hepatitis B virus from mother to baby are discussed in the light of these findings. No cases of acute virus B hepatitis occurred in the latter months of pregnancy nor in the puerperium, among 4 088 women delivered at the hospital during this period.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1975

Serum immunoglobulin levels in primary liver cancer: relationship to underlying cirrhosis and hepatitis-B (surface) antigenaemia.

Serum IgG, IgM and IgA levels were measured by the single radial diffusion method in 107 South African Negro patients with primary hepatocellular cancer (PHC) and 112 healthy Negro blood donors. The mean serum IgG ANd IgM concentrations were significantly higher (P less than 0-001) in the PHC patients. In those patients in whom PHC was associated with cirrhosis, the serum IgG level was greater (P less than 0-02) than in those without cirrhosis. However, the mean serum IgG concentration in the non-cirrhotic cancer patients was still significantly higher than the control value (P less than 0-001). Thus, while cirrhosis may contribute to the raised IgG levels in PHC, other factors must also be involved. There was no difference in the serum immunoglobulin concentrations in PHC patients with and without hepatitis-B antigenaemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Capillaries of South African diabetics. IV. Relation to retinopathy.

The muscle capillaries of diabetic subjects, with and without retinopathy, have been measured. The groups with retinopathy had significantly thicker laminae than those without the fundal changes. No significant difference was found between the group with proliferative retinopathy and the group with nonproliferative retinopathy. The focal and segmental nature of the basal lamina thickening was confirmed by the increasing standard deviation of the measurements within and among capillaries. This study also confirms the fact that, at least for muscle capillaries, an apparent relationship exists between the thickness of the basal lamina of these vessels and the presence of clinical retinopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Serum immunoglobulin levels in hepatitis-B antigen-positive and hepatitis-B antigen-negative acute hepatitis.

IgG, IgA and IgM levels were measured in the serum of 73 patients with hepatitis-B antigen-positive (virus-B) acute hepatitis and 48 patients with hepatitis-B antigen-negative (virus-A) hepatitis. The mean serum IgM level on admission was significantly higher in virus-A than in virus-B hepatitis (p less than 0,01), and remained so for 2-3 weeks. However, the overlap between the individual figures in the two forms of the disease was so great as to make the estimation of little diagnostic value. The mean serum IgG and IgA levels at the time of admission were not significantly different in the patients with and without hepatitis-B anti-genaemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Gallium-67-citrate scanning in primary cancer of the liver: diagnostic value in the presence of cirrhosis and relation to alpha-fetoprotein.

Gallium-67-citrate and 99mTc-sulfur colloid scans were performed in 38 South African blacks with primary hepatocellular cancer. Selective uptake of the radinuclide by the tumor occurred in 27 patients (70%). In 12 out of 18 patients with associated cirrhosis, 67Ga was concentrated in the defect or defects visible on the 99mTc-sulfur colloid scan, but in the remaining 6 cases (33%), the 2 scans were identical and the defects may have been attributed wrongly to cirrhosis. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was detected by immunodiffusion in the serum of 26 patients. Twenty-one of these showed selective uptake of 67Ga by the tumor as compared with 6 out of 12 patients in whom this protein could not be detected. We were therefore unable to confirm a previous finding of a greater uptake of the of the radionuclide in AFP-negative primary liver cancer.

Fetal Proteins↗
PubMed1974

Studies in alcoholic liver disease in Britain. I. Clinical and pathological patterns related to natural history.

A group of 258 patients with various forms of alcoholic liver disease-steatosis, mild and severe hepatitis, and cirrhosis-has been studied. Severity of disease as judged histologically did not correlate very well with clinical presentation although signs of hepatocellular failure were certainly commoner in severe hepatitis and cirrhosis. Fever, pigmentation, and clubbing were also pointers to these two conditions. Alcoholic hepatitis is probably precirrhotic and carries a poor prognosis and the best laboratory indicators of this are moderate elevation of white cell count and bilirubin. Prognosis in alcoholic liver disease is significantly improved by abstinence from alcohol.

Adult↗