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Biomedical subjects

M C Han

Publications and source records attributed to M C Han.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Heterotopic pancreas of the stomach: CT findings correlated with pathologic findings in six patients.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to characterize the computed tomographic (CT) findings of heterotopic pancreas of the stomach. METHODS: CT scans of six surgically proven cases of heterotopic pancreas of the stomach were reviewed. Three were dynamic spiral CT scans, with both arterial dominant and late phase scans. In other three, both unenhanced and contrast-enhanced scans were obtained by using conventional techniques. Particular attention was given to the enhancement of the heterotopic pancreas. Pathologic and surgical findings were correlated with CT findings. RESULTS: The locations were in the gastric antrum in five cases and in the mid-body in one. Size ranged from 1 cm to 3 cm (mean = 2.1 cm). Three cases showed homogeneous, strong enhancement similar to the pancreas and consisted mainly of pancreatic acini with the same histologic features as the normal pancreas. Two cases showed poor enhancement and consisted mainly of ducts and hypertrophied muscle; pancreatic acini were a minor component. In one case appearing as a cystic lesion on CT, a pseudocyst was found with many ducts and some nests of pancreatic acini. CONCLUSIONS: Heterotopic pancreas of the stomach showed a diverse spectrum of CT findings. Good understanding of these CT findings may be helpful in making a correct diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nontraumatic prolapse of the orbital contents into the ethmoid sinus: evaluation with screening sinus CT.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence and CT features of nontraumatic prolapse of the orbital content into the ethmoid sinus, which may be a cause of orbital complication of ethmoidectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CT of 1,024 consecutive patients with subjective sinonasal symptoms who underwent screening sinus CT were reviewed and analyzed. The 573 men and 451 women were between the ages of 5 and 79 years old. The patients with a history of sinus surgery of facial trauma were excluded from this study. The incidence and CT features of dehiscence and/or bowing of the lamina papyracea with prolapse of the orbital content in each age group and differences between the age groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Ethmoidal prolapse of the orbital content was found in 67 patients (6.5%). There was a tendency of increasing incidence with increasing age. The incidence in the juvenile age group was significantly low (1.9%) as compared with that of adult. Four patients (0.4%) had bilateral lesions. Twenty-nine lesions showed prolapse of moderate to severe degree, and deformity of the medial rectus muscle on coronal CT image was associated in 21 lesions. Inflammatory change of adjacent ethmoid sinus was indicated in 19 lesions, and there was no statistical difference in incidence from that of the opposite side. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of nontraumatic prolapse of the orbital content is far beyond general expectations, and detailed structural information with CT for this anatomic alteration may be important before endoscopic sinus surgery to avoid possible complication. The higher incidence in adult may suggest age-related acquired etiologic factors besides congenital dehiscence or weakness of the lamina papyracea.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Superselective transcatheter arterial embolization with ethanol and iodized oil for hepatocellular carcinoma.

PURPOSE: The effectiveness of superselective transcatheter arterial embolization with a mixture of ethanol and iodized oil was evaluated for hepatocellular carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The procedure was attempted in 14 male patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The tumor was a single small (2-5 cm in diameter) hypervascular nodule in all patients, except in one patient with two nodules. Superselective catheterization was performed with use of coaxial technique into the third-order branch of the feeding hepatic artery. Under fluoroscopy, 1-4 mL of 75% ethanol mixed with iodized oil was infused. RESULTS: Complete segmental or subsegmental devascularization of the feeding arteries and tumor vascularities occurred in all patients. Follow-up CT or angiography after 9-37 months revealed decrease of tumor in six of nine nonsurgical cases. Subsequent segmentectomy or tumorectomy in five patients revealed total or near-total necrosis of the tumor and thickening of capsules, explaining the halo seen around the tumor on CT scans and the relatively intact surrounding parenchyma seen microscopically. CONCLUSION: Superselective transcatheter arterial embolization with ethanol and iodized oil is a safe method for treatment of small nodular hepatocellular carcinoma with a prominent feeding artery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Interventional management of benign obstruction of the hepatic inferior vena cava.

PURPOSE: The effectiveness of interventional treatment of benign obstruction of the hepatic segment of the inferior vena cava (IVC) was evaluated in a retrospective analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Among 21 patients, 14 obstructions were membranous (type 1) and seven were segmental (type 2). IVC thrombosis was found proximal to the obstruction in five patients. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was attempted in patients with type 1 obstruction with use of a double balloon technique in most cases (12 of 14 cases). For six of the seven patients with type 2 obstruction, metallic stent placement and PTA were performed with or without urokinase thrombolysis or percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy. Follow-up evaluation was performed with vena cavography, pressure measurement, and liver function tests. RESULTS: The overall initial success rate was 95% (20 of 21 cases). The mean pressure gradient across the obstruction decreased significantly from 14.1 mm Hg +/- 4.1 to 4.2 mm Hg +/- 3.7 (P < .01) in 10 patients with type 1 obstruction and from 15.7 mm Hg +/- 3.1 to 6.0 mm Hg +/- 3.3 (P < .05) in six patients with type 2 obstructions. During the follow-up period from 6 months to 6 years, patency was maintained in nine of 10 patients with type 1 obstruction. Among the seven patients with type 2 obstruction, restenosis developed in two. Intimal thickening inside the metallic stent was found on the follow-up vena cavogram for all six patients who underwent stent placement. CONCLUSION: For the interventional treatment of benign obstruction of the hepatic IVC, PTA with the double balloon technique is effective for the membranous type (type 1), and combined interventions including PTA, thrombolysis with urokinase, percutaneous aspiration thrombectomy, and metallic stent placements seem effective in the treatment of the segmental type (type 2). The long-term effects, including intimal thickening in cases involving the use of metallic stents, warrant further investigation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT angiography of Takayasu arteritis: comparison with conventional angiography.

PURPOSE: To compare computed tomography (CT) angiography with conventional angiography in the evaluation of the extent of disease in the aorta and its major branches in patients with Takayasu arteritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Both conventional (digital subtraction) and CT angiography were performed in 10 patients with Takayasu arteritis. The luminal abnormalities were assessed with both conventional angiography and maximum intensity projection (MIP) CT angiography. Transverse images from CT angiography also were used to assess mural changes, which were not assessed with conventional angiography. RESULTS: Conventional angiography revealed 51 sites of luminal abnormalities. In five patients (50%), both conventional and MIP CT angiography depicted the same number of involved sites. At 36 of the 51 sites (71%), the estimation of luminal changes was the same for both modalities. In all patients, the transverse images provided additional mural findings in the aorta and its major branches. The integrated information provided by CT angiography, including MIP and transverse images, depicted more extensive disease than conventional angiography. CONCLUSION: CT angiography including MIP and transverse images has advantages over conventional angiography in the evaluation of disease extent by providing additional mural information in Takayasu arteritis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transcatheter oily chemoembolization of the inferior phrenic artery in hepatocellular carcinoma: the safety and potential therapeutic role.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transcatheter oily chemoembolization therapy (TOCE) via the inferior phrenic artery (IPA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with HCC underwent a total of 82 procedures of TOCE of the IPA, as well as of the hepatic artery. In 16 patients, additional extrahepatic collaterals were depicted and were also embolized in 10 patients. TOCE was performed with an emulsion of iodized oil and doxorubicin hydrochloride, and gelatin sponge particle embolization was added in 32 patients. RESULTS: Initial response showed complete or partial remission of the tumor in 31 patients. The cumulative survival rates after combined TOCE of the hepatic artery, IPA, and other extrahepatic arteries were 89% (6 months), 78% (1 year), 46% (2 year), and 30% (3 year), when calculated from the time of IPA chemoembolization. Liver abscess and empyema developed in one case of combined IPA and multiple intercostal artery chemoembolization. There were no serious complications after IPA chemoembolization alone. CONCLUSION: TOCE of the IPA has a potential therapeutic role as a safe adjunct to TOCE of the hepatic artery in the management of HCC supplied by the IPA.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Renal artery evaluation: comparison of spiral CT angiography to intra-arterial DSA.

PURPOSE: To assess the role of spiral computed tomographic angiography (CTA) in renal artery evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors prospectively performed both CTA and intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (IA-DSA) in 50 consecutive patients (24 males and 26 females) who ranged between 9 and 77 years old (mean, 39.3 years), in whom renovascular hypertension was suspected (n = 32) or who were potential renal donors (n = 18). The major scan parameters of CTA were 3-mm collimation, 4-5-mm/sec table speed, and 2-mm reconstruction interval. Both CTA and IA-DSA images were blindly interpreted by two radiologists with respect to the number of accessory renal arteries and the location and severity of renal artery stenosis. RESULTS: CTA demonstrated 27 of 28 accessory renal arteries (detection rate = 96%). For the detection of stenoses greater than 50% (37 of 127 renal arteries, at 40 sites), the sensitivity and specificity of CTA were 90% and 97%, respectively. For the detection of stenoses greater than 50% in the main renal arteries (32 of 99 main renal arteries, at 32 sites), the sensitivity and specificity of CTA were 100% and 97%, respectively. CONCLUSION: CTA is a reliable and accurate screening modality for the evaluation of renal arteries in patients with suspected renovascular hypertension and in potential renal donors.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT findings of lobar bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.

The CT findings in a case of lobar bronchioloalveolar carcinoma included stretching, spreading, and uniform narrowing of the involved bronchi without obstruction.

Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An explanation of renal hemodynamics in acute renal failure based on sequential CT in patients with Korean hemorrhagic fever.

The pattern of renal enhancement and washout of contrast medium was observed on sequential follow-up CT in 12 patients with Korean hemorrhagic fever, in which acute renal failure is one of the most important clinical features. Renal contrast enhancement and contrast medium washout were delayed longer in patients with severe oliguric renal failure. The delayed washout peaked at 4-5 days and did not return to normal until 8-9 days in the patients with severe oliguria; in the patients without severe oliguria the times were 1-2 days and 3-4 days, respectively. A characteristic "cart-wheel" pattern was observed during the washout stage in patients without severe oliguria. This "cart-wheel" pattern of washout is thought to result from relief of vasoconstriction and repair of tubular function. Multifocal "wedge-shaped" nonenhanced areas of the kidney, seen on the 2 week follow-up postcontrast CT, are thought to be ischemic zones due to persistent vasoconstriction. On the 6 week follow-up postcontrast CT in one patient, scarring of the kidney was detected in the same area that did not enhance on the 2 week CT. This scarring is thought to be a result of permanent vasoconstriction.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT manifestations of tracheobronchial involvement in relapsing polychondritis.

Two patients with relapsing polychondritis presented with tracheobronchial stenosis without clinical manifestation of nasal septum or ear lobe cartilage involvement. The CT findings included diffuse, smooth tracheobronchial wall thickening with narrowing and deformity of the lumen. Areas of dense calcium deposition within the thickened tracheal cartilage were seen. On follow-up after steroid medication, tracheobronchial wall thickening was decreased and the configuration of the tracheal lumen returned to normal.

Bronchi↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of retroperitoneal teratoma: correlation with CT and pathology.

A retroperitoneal teratoma was studied with CT and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. The images were correlated with the pathologic findings. The tumor was composed of five portions: adipose tissue, bone, hair, sebum, and loose edematous fibrofatty tissue with skin. Computed tomography and MR both demonstrated a well defined mass with separate cystic and solid components and all five tissue elements of the tumor. Magnetic resonance was superior to CT in delineating the relationship of blood vessels to the tumor.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of esophagomediastinal fistula in tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis.

The CT findings are described in five patients with esophagomediastinal fistula due to tuberculous lymphadenitis. In all five patients periesophageal amorphous gas collections were found along with enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. In four patients esophagograms demonstrated the fistulas. All fistulas closed with antituberculous therapy alone. The presence of periesophageal gas in patients with tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis suggests esophago-nodal fistula. The treatment of choice is antituberculous therapy.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT anatomy of the lingular segmental bronchi.

Thin-section CT scans were performed in 40 patients to demonstrate the normal appearance of the lingular division (LD) bronchus and its segmental and subsegmental bronchi and to search out the possible anatomical landmark dividing the anterior segment and LD of the left upper lobe. The LD bronchus was identified in all patients. The complete branching pattern of the lingular segmental and subsegmental bronchi could be traced in 19 (47.5%) patients. Since the lower branch of the draining vein of the anterior segment of the left upper lobe (V3b) runs horizontally between the anterior segment and the LD of the left upper lobe, it is a good landmark dividing the anterior segment and LD of the left upper lobe. Familiarity with thin-section CT anatomy of the lingular segmental and subsegmental bronchi and surrounding vascular structures is helpful in identifying the lingular bronchial tree precisely and localizing a lesion in the left upper lobe correctly.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Exercise-induced acute renal failure and patchy renal vasoconstriction: CT and MR findings.

Contrast-enhanced CT and MR imaging of the kidney were performed in two patients with acute renal failure and severe loin pain following a track race. Prior to the exercise both patients had had flu-like symptoms and took oral medications. There was no evidence of myoglobinuria. Immediate postcontrast CT of the kidney showed multiple patchy areas of poor contrast enhancement; after 24 h, there were multiple patchy enhancing cortical areas on CT without further use of intravenous contrast media. Magnetic resonance imaging of the kidney showed patchy areas of high signal intensity with obliteration of the corticomedullary contrast on T1-weighted images. On T2-weighted images the signal intensity of the lesion was high in one patient and low in the other.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paraffinoma in the urinary bladder: CT findings.

A case of a paraffinoma in the urinary bladder is presented. Plain radiography and intravenous urography showed a low attenuation filling defect in the urinary bladder, and CT demonstrated a lobulated fat-attenuation mass floating in the urinary bladder.

Adult↗