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Biomedical subjects

M Bygdeman

Publications and source records attributed to M Bygdeman.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Quantification of prostaglandins in human seminal fluid.

A method is described for measurement of the prostaglandins present in human seminal plasma. The PGEs and the 19-hydroxy-PGEs are converted to the respective PGB-compounds. They are determined with UV-absorbance after purification with two chromatography steps. The PGFs and the 19-hydroxy-PGFs are determined by gas chromatography, which also allows measurement of the 8 beta-isomers. Recovery of added PG was in the average 99.2% (range 89.9-107.7). Mean variation between duplicate analyses was 5.6% (range 0.9-9.1). The method has been simplified to allow at least limited clinical use.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1982

Maternal serum hormone changes during abortion induced with 16,16-dimethyl-trans-delta 2-PGE1 methyl ester.

The PGE1 derivative 16,16-dimethyl-trans-delta 2-PGE1 methyl ester, administered to first trimester women to induce abortion, has been shown not to affect the maternal serum hormone levels of prolactin, TSH, and cortisol. The hCG drop noticed between 3 and 6 hours into therapy could have been induced by the prostaglandin or the chlorpromazine used to prevent prostaglandin side effects. It is suggested that a prostaglandin of the E1 type - in contrast to the PGE2 derivatives - does not interfere with the maternal pituitary secretion of prolactin and TSH.

Abortifacient Agents↗
PubMed1981

A new prostaglandin E2-gel for pretreatment of the cervix in nulliparous patients having a late first trimester termination of pregnancy.

A new PGE2-gel, based on a cross-linked starch powder, has been developed. This gel seems to have solved several of the pharmaceutical and practical problems connected with local administration of prostaglandins. In a three-center study 120 nulliparous patients were given 0.5 mg PGE2 in 2.2 ml gel intracervically prior to dilatation of the cervix and evacuation of the uterus in late first trimester. Considerable cervical dilatation was obtained within 15 h. The frequency of side effects, including pain and gastro-intestinal discomfort was low. The technique can be recommended for outpatients.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1981

The occurrence of immunoglobulin E in Human seminal plasma.

The presence of IgE in human seminal plasma has been explored using two different radioimmunoassay methods. Samples were obtained from 84 patients under investigation for involuntary infertility. Low levels were recorded in seminal plasma (less than 0.05-805 kIU/1) together with a wide scatter of serum values (less than 0.5-956 kIU/1). The incidence of detectable seminal plasma IgE was related to high serum IgE values (P less than 0.001; chi 2-test). Among men reporting allergy problems and who has serum IgE levels above 50 kIU/1 detectable semen IgE was seen in 15 out of 18 patients. Sperm agglutination was observed in 18 men of whom 11 had detectable seminal plasma IgE. The question of whether or not seminal plasma IgE is a plasma transudate or is locally produced as well as its possible function in seminal plasma is discussed.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Mid-trimester abortion by vaginal administration of 9-deoxo-16, 16-dimethyl-9-methylene-PGE2.

9-Deoxo-16, 16-dimethyl-9-methylene-PGE2 is a new prostaglandin analogue which is stable in suppository form. Estimates of potential for gastrointestinal side effects in monkey in vivo indicated that the frequency of diarrhea was low with retention of uterine stimulating potency. In the present study the effect of the compound on uterine contractility and its efficacy for cervical dilatation and for termination of pregnancy during the second trimester was evaluated in 89 women. The uterine stimulating potency of 9-deoxo-16, 16-dimethyl-9-methylene-PGE2 during mid-pregnancy following bolus intravenous injection or intravenous infusion was four to five times that of PGE2 alpha. Pretreatment with one single vaginal suppository containing 40 mg of the 9-methylene analogue resulted in dilatation of the cervical canal sufficiently to allow evacuation of the uterus without further dilatation in most patients in the 13th to 14th week of pregnancy. In more advanced pregnancies (15th to 24th week of gestation), 83 percent of the patients aborted following vaginal administration of 75 mg of the compound at 0 and 8 hours. All patients had aborted 42 hours after start of treatment if intramuscular injections of 15-methyl-PGE2alpha Tham were added after 24 hours. Both treatments were associated with a significantly lower frequency of gastrointestinal side effects than following vaginal administration of 15-methyl-PGF2alpha methyl ester. The incidence of temperature elevation on the other hand seemed to be higher.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
PubMed1980

A comparison of two stable prostaglandin E analogues for termination of early pregnancy and for cervical dilatation.

Termination of pregnancy with prostaglandin E analogues is in general associated with a lower frequency of gastrointestinal side effects than if corresponding F analogues are used. Their clinical use has, however, been limited by stability problems. In the present study the efficacy of different dose schedules of two new stable E analogues for termination of early pregnancy and for preoperative dilatation of the cervical canal was evaluated in 389 women. In early pregnant patients, vaginal administration of 75 mg of 9-deoxo-16, 16-dimethyl-9-methylene PGE2 repeated after six hours or three intramuscular injections of 0.5 mg 16-phenoxy-omega-17, 18, 19, 20-tetranor PGE2 methyl sulfonylamide administered in three-hour intervals resulted in a complete abortion in 94 to 100 per cent of the patients. Both treatments were associated with a low frequency of side effects. The 9-methylene analogue had the advantage of causing less uterine pain than 16-phenoxy-omega-17, 18, 19, 20-tetranor PGE2 methyl sulfonylamide with the dose schedules used. Single vaginal administration of 30 mg of 9-deoxo-16, 16-dimethyl-9-methylene PGE2 and one intramuscular injection of 0.5 mg of the methyl sulfonylamide analogue 12 hours prior to vacuum aspiration were equally effective in dilating the cervix in late first trimester pregnant patients. For both compounds, the frequency of side effects were lower than that previously reported for different PGF analogues administered by non-invasive routes.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
PubMed1980

A comparative study of uterine activity and fetal heart rate pattern in labor induced with oral prostaglandin E2 or oxytocin.

Labor was induced for medical reasons at or near term in altogether 200 patients. The women were randomly assigned to low amniotomy and either oral PGE2 or intravenous infusion of oxytocin. The initial PGE2 dose was 0.5 mg, followed by 1.0 mg every hour for up to 24 hours. Oxytocin was given as an intravenous pump infusion, starting with 5 mIU/min and rising stepwise to 20 mIU/min. Uterine contractility and fetal heart rate (FHR) were recorded by cardiotocography in 61 women receiving oxytocin and in 63 given prostaglandin E2. A detailed analysis of the contractility pattern was performed in 16 women, eight from each group. Labor was established slightly earlier in the oxytocin group than in the prostaglandin group of patients. When in labor, frequency and amplitude of contractions as well as uterine contractility were the same in both treatment groups. The frequency of atypical contractility patterns was higher in labor induced with PGE2 than with oxytocin. One period of hypertonus was observed in one patient treated with PGE2 but it was not associated with alterations in FHR and disappeared without additional therapy. Both mild and more severe variations in FHR occurred but were equally common on both treatment groups. There was no perinatal mortality among the newborns and the Apgar score 5 minutes after delivery was 8 or more.

Administration, Oral↗