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Biomedical subjects

M Bygdeman

Publications and source records attributed to M Bygdeman.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Induced abortion in the 8-9th week of pregnancy with vaginally administered 15-methyl PGF2alpha methyl ester.

15(S)15-methyl PGF2alpha methyl ester was self-administered vaginally to terminate pregnancy in 42 women in the 8-9th week of gestation. Ten patients received a total of 6 mg of the compound over 15 hours (Group I) while the remaining 32 patients received 5.5 mg of the prostaglandin compound during a shorter period of time or 9 hours (Group II). If parts of the conceptus were expelled during treatment, surgical intervention was excluded. All patients were followed closely after treatment with repeated serum HCG assays and clinical examinations. All patients in Group II and eight out of ten patients in Group I aborted following treatment. In 33 of the 42 patients, the serum HCG levels and the clinical course following the expulsion of the conceptus indicated that abortion was complete. Gastro-intestinal side effects were minimal if anti-diarrheic agents were given prophylactically. The incidence of uterine pain was variable but could in most cases be controlled by oral or rectal administration of analgetics. The results of this study suggest that the use of this compound for termination of pregnancy may be safely extended through the 9th week of gestation and in certain cases be an alternative to the normal operative procedure.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

Kinetic and metabolic studies of 15-methyl-prostaglandin F2alpha administered intra-amniotically for induction of abortion.

The metabolism of tritium labeled 15-methyl-PGF2alpha, administered intra-amniotically, was studied in seven cases of mid-trimester abortion. The disappearance of the compound from the amniotic sac was a very slow process. A metabolite, dinor-15-methyl-PGF2alpha, was found in small amounts in the amniotic and kidney. Plasma levels of 15-methyl-PGF2alpha in the maternal circulation were determined.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

Vaginally administered 16, 16-dimethyl-PGE2 for the induction of midtrimester abortion.

Thirty patients in the 13th-20th week of gestation underwent therapeutic abortion utilizing vaginally administered 16, 16-dimethyl-PGE2 (free acid) suppositories. The first 15 patients obtained individual doses in the range of 400-1200 mug given every three hours (mean total dose 4.2 mg). In the following 15 patients a fixed dose schedule was used (800 mug followed by 1000 mug every three hours; mean total dose 5.3 mg). All but one of the 30 patients aborted. The mean induction-abortion interval for all patients was 16.8 +/- 6.9 hours (mean +/- S.D.) With the fixed dose regime the success rate was 100% and the induction-abortion interval 16.0 +/- 5.9 hours. Because gastro-intestinal side effects were minimal, neither anti-emetic nor anti-diarrheic medication was required. A slight elevation of temperature was noted in five patients. The uterine response to the vaginal administration of this compound was characterized by a gradual increase in uterine tonus followed by sustained stimulation. The results are interpreted to suggest that the vaginal administration of 16, 16-dimethyl-PGE2 is a useful alternate method for the induction of second trimester abortion. Moreover, this compound seems to cause fewer gastro-intestinal side effects than other prostaglandins administered by the vaginal route at our department.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

Plasma levels of the methyl ester of 15-methyl PGF2alpha in connection with intravenous and vaginal administration to the human.

After intravenous injection of the methyl ester of 15-methyl-PGF2alpha the drug initially disappeared faster than the corresponding free acid, but still after one hour, about 1% of the active drug is circulating in plasma. Vaginal administration of single suppositories containing 1 mg of 15-methyl-PGF2alpha methyl ester and determination of plasma levels using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry demonstrated that the highest plasma levels were reached after 1.5-3 hours. Vaginal suppositories were administered according to different dose schedules for induction of abortion and plasma levels of 15-methyl-PGF2alpha and it's ester were determined. There seemed to be a gross correlation between given doses and obtained plasma level. The data will serve as basis for further development of vaginal delivery devices.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1976

Early pregnancy interruption by 15 (S) 15 methyl prostaglandin F2alpha methyl ester.

Suppositories of 15-methyl PGF2alpha methyl ester in triglyceride were administered vaginally to 75 women in whom 31 to 49 days had elapsed since their last menstrual period. Three or four suppositories of 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mg were given at intervals of 3 hours. Pregnancy was later confirmed in 63 of the women. In the pregnant women vaginal bleeding usually started 3 to 6 hours after the initiation of therapy and continued for 10 to 14 days. Patients were followed for 2 to 4 weeks with serial measurement of serum progesterone and hCG. There were no failures in the trial, but in 2 cases the treatment resulted in incomplete abortion. In 2 other patients curettage was performed due to prolonged bleeding, but histologic examination revealed no remaining signs of pregnancy. Gastrointestinal side effects were well within acceptable limits, and no serious complications occurred. Clinical signs of pelvic inflammatory disease were not found. The vaginal use of 15-methyl PGF2alpha methyl ester seems promising as a reliable outpatient nonsurgical self-administered procedure for termination of early pregnancy.

Abortion, Incomplete↗
PubMed1976

Induction of abortion by vaginal administration of 15(s)15-methyl prostaglandin F2alpha methyl ester. A comparison of two delivery systems.

15-methyl PGF2alpha methyl ester in a slow releasing vaginal device was administered to 30 women in the first and second trimester of gestation. Ten women were early pregnant (31-49 days following the last menstrual period) and the remaining 20 patients in the 10th to 20th week of gestation. The first group received either a device containing 10 mg 0.5% 15-methyl PGF2alpha methyl ester or a half of that device and the second group either a 0.5% or 1% device. The results were compared with those found following repeated vaginal administration of triglycerides suppositories, containing 15-methyl PGF2alpha methyl ester, to 50 early pregnant patients and 30 patients in the second trimester of gestation. The mean total dose of the compound given to these two groups was 3.9 and 7.8 mg respectively. All the 60 early pregnant patients aborted following treatment judged from clinical course and decreasing HCG values. Bleeding started as a rule three to six hours following the start of treatment and continued for 10 to 14 days. In two patients the abortion was incomplete. The side effects in the patients who received half the 0.5% device was comparable to those following the repeated vaginal suppositories while in the patients who obtained the whole 0.5% device, the frequency of side effects was increased indicating that an unnecessary high dose was given. In all the three groups of patients in the late first and second trimester of pregnancy, treatment resulted in abortion within 24 hours in 90% of the patients. In the 1% device an accumulation of side effects was found during the first hours following the start of treatment probably due to an initial, more rapid absorption of 15-methyl PGF2alpha methyl ester. With the repeated administration and with the 0.5% device, the side effects occurred mainly in the hours prior to abortion. However, in all three groups of patients the side effects were within acceptable levels. These preliminary results indicate that further development on the device may result in an effective one vaginal administration treatment for termination of both first and second trimester pregnancies.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1976

The effect of infusions with two analogues of prostaglandin F2alpha on corpus luteum function.

With the exception of one volunteer given the prostaglandin during ovulation, a transient decline in progesterone during the infusion was observed with both compounds. It is likely that the marked declines that were observed cannot be attributed solely to diurnal variation. Although the menstrual cycle was shortened in some cases after the infusion, this was not well-correlated with the acute effects seen at the time of infusion. Under the experimental conditions of this study, neither analogue appeared to be luteolytic. However, infusions with both compounds did alter serum progesterone transiently. It seems likely that both compounds do exert a potent effect on the corpus luteum and may in fact be luteolytic when given at some other time in the menstrual cycle.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Prostaglandins and post-abortion luteolysis in early pregnancy.

This study was undertaken to determine if post-abortion luteolysis in early pregnancy could be accelerated by the administration of 15(S)15-methyl-PGF2alpha(15-me-PGF2alpha) or delayed following pretreatment with indomethacin. Thirty-nine women were divided into four groups: 7 women were given 400mug 15-me-PGF2alpha extra-amniotically one hour prior to vacuum aspiration; 14 were pretreated with oral indomethacin (50 mg X4) over 24 hours; 7 were given indomethacin (50mg X 6) over 36 hours and 11 served as controls. Plasma progesterone and estradiol were measured at fixed intervals before and after abortion. There was a rapid drop in the plasma progesterone within the first hour after abortion followed by an exponential decline over the next 23 hours. The plasma estradiol fell rapidly duriing the same period. Under the experimental conditions of this study neither 15-me-PGF2alpha nor indomethacin exerted a significant effect on the decline in luteal function. These results are interpreted as suggesting that factors other than prostaglandins have a more significant role in post-abortion luteolysis.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1975

The effect of locally administered PGF2alpha on the contractility of the nonpregnant human uterus.

The effect of locally administered prostaglandin F2alpha on the sensitivity and reactivity of the nonpregnant human uterus during the menstrual cycle was studied. An increase in uterine contractility in response to as little as 1.0 MUG PGF2alpha could be observed in all patients during both the early and late portions of the menstrual cycle, but at the time of ovulation a marked decrease in sensitivity was noted. Endogenous prostaglandin normally occurs in the secretory endometrium in levels compatible with the amount of exogenous prostaglandin which elicited increased uterine activity. These findings support the hypothesis that PGF2alpha plays an important physiological role in the cyclical regulation of uterine motility during the human menstrual cycle.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1975

Prostaglandin analogues and uterotonic potency: a comparative study of seven compounds.

The uterotonic potency of seven prostaglandin analogues has been investigated using the single intravenous injection technique and comparison of threshold uterine contractility achieved during continuous intravenous infusion. The degree and duration of uterine stimulation in response to graded doses of some of the analogues was also evaluated following intra-amniotic, oral and vaginal administration. 17-Phenyl substituted PGE-2 and PGF-2alpha are reported upon for the first time. Among the prostaglandin compounds tested, the free acid of 16, 16-dimethyl PGE-2 not only is the most potent compound but it may also have great potential for clinical application as an easily administered vaginal abortifacient.

Abortion, Induced↗