Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Busch

Publications and source records attributed to M Busch.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Epidemiologic background of blood donors with antibody to human T-cell lymphotropic virus. Transfusion Safety Study Group.

We interviewed 51 blood donors in four major US metropolitan areas subsequently found to have had antibodies to human T-cell lymphotropic virus (anti-HTLV) in late 1984-early 1985. Sixteen donors (31%) reported that they or a sexual contact had a history of blood transfusion. Twelve donors (24%) reported that they or a sexual contact used intravenous drugs. Ten donors (20%) were blacks born in the southeastern US. Four of the male donors (15%) reported homosexual contact. The most common characteristic was an association with Japan or the Caribbean basin (61%). These results show a broader variation of epidemiologic backgrounds than anticipated.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Direct methods for detection of HIV-1 infection.

The detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibodies has proved to be a highly sensitive and specific means for the diagnosis of HIV-1 infection. Serologic methods have limitations in several specific clinical situations, however. In response to these problems, a wide variety of alternative diagnostic tests has been developed that detect infectious virus or structural components of the virus. All of the macromolecular constituents of HIV-1, DNA, RNA, and protein, have served as markers for the presence of the virus. In this article, we review the use of such direct methods and attempt to determine the likely place for each class of direct test in the diagnostic armamentarium.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1988

Effects of interleukin 2 and large envelope glycoprotein (gp 120) of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on lymphocyte proliferative responses to cytomegalovirus.

Lymphocytes from many HIV-infected asymptomatic individuals or patients with AIDS-related conditions (ARC) and from all AIDS patients were unable to proliferate in vitro in response to UV-inactivated cytomegalovirus (CMV). The addition of recombinant IL2 (rIL2) restored proliferative responses of lymphocytes from most HIV-infected asymptomatic individuals and ARC patients to levels similar to those of HIV-seronegative (HIV-) CMV-seropositive (CMV+) individuals. In contrast, rIL2 augmented CMV-specific lymphocyte proliferation of only 33% (6/18) of AIDS patients. Proliferative responses to CMV with or without rIL2 did not correlate well with the levels of CD4+ lymphocytes, HIV antigen levels or ratios of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. Proliferative responses to CMV were inhibited by relatively high concentrations (greater than or equal to 10 micrograms/ml) of recombinant HIV envelope glycoprotein (rgp120) and this immunosuppression was completely overcome by rIL2. These results indicate that defects in antigen-driven lymphocyte responses of HIV-infected individuals are not simply the result of reduced numbers of CD4+ lymphocytes but are influenced by defects in IL2 pathways and by immunosuppressive effects of HIV gp120.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Recent application methods of high dose-rate brachytherapy in head and neck tumors].

A striking development has been made in intracavitary and interstitial brachytherapy of head and neck tumors by the use of very active and very small ray emitters and, last but not least, by the step movement of the source developed 1974 in Essen and its computer optimization. The present study mentions 22 different sites of the head and neck area which have been treated by 31 different intracavitary or interstitial techniques, frequently under general anaesthesia. All application methods used here follow uniform rules for the dosage of the single application. Furthermore, generally accepted rules can be defined for the contra-indications of brachytherapy which, according to our experiences, should be strictly observed. The observance of these rules as well as the use of a radiobiological gap were among the reasons for the complete recovery of some cases of local recurrence which could be no longer treated by other methods.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1987

[Left ventricular function assessment using a floating catheter in dynamic and isometric (handgrip) stress in normal and heart infarct patients].

UNLABELLED: Left ventricular function was examined in a control group of 8 healthy men (average age 26 +/- 6.2 years) and was compared to 40 post-MI patients (average age 50 +/- 8.2 years, 39 men, one woman). It was measured using the floating-catheter technique under isometric exercise (50% of maximal voluntary contraction using both hands) and also under dynamic exercise (progressive supine bicycle-ergometry). In the control group, there was a significant increase in heart rate, arterial blood-pressure and the average PCP from rest to isometric exercises. PCP was noted to stay within its normal range (less than 20 mm Hg) under both modes of exercise. There was no significant difference comparing the effects of dynamic and isometric exercise (isometric: PCP 13.3 +/- 3.3 mm Hg; dynamic: PCP 11.8 +/- 3.6 mm Hg). In Group I (20 post-MI-patients showing ischemia during exercise-ECG) PCP stayed normal under isometric exercise (PCP 18.8 +/- 10.2 mm Hg). Under dynamic exercise, their PCP increased up to a pathological level (PCP 24.9 +/- 10.1 mm Hg, p less than 0.01). In Group II (20 post-MI-patients with lacking proof of ischemia during exercise-ECG) there was no significant difference between the increase in PCP under isometric vs dynamic exercise (isometric: PCP 18.7 +/- 13.4 mm Hg; dynamic: PCP 18.5 +/- 10.0 mm Hg). CONCLUSION: The results lead to the conclusion that isometric exercise alone (50% of maximal voluntary contraction using both hands, handgrip) can replace dynamic exercise in the diagnosis of LV malfunction in post-MI patients who do not show ischemia during exercise-ECG.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Dosage and possibilities for controlling thrombosis prevention with low-dose heparin].

The dosage of subcutaneous heparin examined (2 X 7500 international units per day) was shown to be unsatisfactory, as the average plasma heparin level in the patients was too low for over 9 h/day. This was a result of the fact that the interval between doses was too long and the therapy regimen thus not quite right. It was not possible to adjust the dose according to body height and weight because of lack of correlation with the plasma heparin levels. Control of the dose effect by the thrombin-clotting time test only showed a weak correlation. For high-risk patients in particular, an individually adjusted dosage is mandatory. Determination of the plasma heparin level can be helpful.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1985

[Thin-layer densitometric determination of clotiazepam in tablets and blood plasma].

Quantitative determination of 7-ethyl-5-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-thieno[2,3-e]1, 4-diazepin-2-one (clotiazepam, Trecalmo) as pure substance and after extraction from tablets can be carried out by high performance thin-layer densitometry in absorbance at 243 nm. Detection limit was 10 ng/spot, and inaccuracy +/- 1.8% in the microgram range. For determination of clotiazepam in blood plasma, a more sensitive method was developed by fluorodensitometry above 460 nm after excitation at 313 nm. Analytical parameters are: detection limit 2.5 ng/ml, inaccuracy between 25 and 300 ng/ml +/- 5%, and imprecision at a concentration of 100 ng/ml +/- 5%. Plasma level determination up to 12 samples can be achieved in about 5 h. Thus, for determination of only a few samples, the HPTLC method is less time-consuming than the gas chromatographic assay.

Animals↗