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Biomedical subjects

M Burton

Publications and source records attributed to M Burton.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Schedule-induced drinking: entrainment by fixed- and random-interval schedule-controlled feeding.

Six underweight rats drank in a polydipsic pattern of single post-reinforcement bursts of licking before bar-pressing for subsequent food reinforcers scheduled at fixed 60-sec intervals. With a 60-sec random interval schedule they frequently oscillated between barpressing and drinking. On both schedules mean drink durations were shorter than average inter-reinforcement times, but longer drinks occurred under the fixed-interval schedule. We concluded that intermittent reinforcement entrains drinking because food plus water is more reinforcing than dry food alone, and that polydipsia develops when opportunities for drinking do not compete with opportunities for feeding.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

New Mexico women with no prenatal care: reasons, outcomes, and nursing implications.

A retrospective chart review was conducted to determine why women received no prenatal care during pregnancy and their subsequent maternal and neonatal outcomes. Five hundred and eighty medical records from 1990 through 1993 that were labeled as no care were reviewed. Actually, only 270 records had no care and of these, 92 had 156 recorded reasons as to why women did not receive prenatal care. These reasons were categorized into three types of barriers: attitudinal, sociodemographic, and system-related. The majority of the women were young, Hispanic, unmarried, between 20 and 29 years of age, and uninsured, and had one to three children. Overall, the women did not smoke cigarettes, drink alcohol, or use drugs during pregnancy. Overall, the women had good maternal and newborn outcomes. Results suggest a need to reevaluate the effect of prenatal care use on young Hispanic women.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Enhancing services for sexual-minority clients: a community mental health approach.

The authors describe the efforts of a community mental health district to improve services for gay men, lesbians, and bisexuals. A Gay Services Coordinating Committee recommended that the district (1) hire more sexual-minority staff, (2) give clients the option of seeing therapists sensitive to sexual minorities, (3) provide continuing education on homosexuality, and (4) appoint a contact person to coordinate services in each unit.

California↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental evaluation of two simple thermal models using hyperthermia in muscle in vivo.

The predictions from two simple field equation models for calculating temperature distributions in tissue, namely, the Pennes' bioheat transfer equation (BHTE) and an effective thermal conductivity equation (ETCE), were compared to in vivo experimental temperature measurements made under hyperthermic conditions generated by scanned focused ultrasound. The models were kept simple (i.e. homogenous isotropic properties, no separate blood vessels included) in order to concentrate attention on the predictive abilities of these field equations using a minimum number of free parameters. Simulated results were fitted to the experimental data (multiple, linear temperature profiles in the thigh muscles of greyhound dogs) by minimizing a performance index using a golden section searth. This search determined a value for the single free parameter in each model (blood perfusion in the BHTE, and effective thermal conductivity in the ETCE) which minimized the square error difference between the experimental and simulated temperatures. The results showed that (a) the simple BHTE model could qualitatively reproduce the major features of the temperature patterns seen experimentally better than the ETCE model could, and (b) the simple BHTE model produced better quantitative fits to the experimental data than did the simple ETCE model. In addition, blood perfusion predictions from the BHTE model compared well to measurements done with coloured microspheres. Finally, the experimental results showed that individual, large blood vessels appeared to have a major influence in producing asymmetries in the experimental data in 21% of the measured temperature profiles.

Animals↗