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Biomedical subjects

M Bull

Publications and source records attributed to M Bull.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Deletions in chromosome 2 and fragile sites.

We report on 2 patients with de novo deletions of 2q and chromosome constitutions of 46,XY,del(2)(q32.3q33.3) and 46,XX,del(2) (q21q23.2), respectively. Comparisons of breakpoints of interstitial deletions show frequent correspondence to common fragile sites.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1990

Transcription analysis of class II human leukocyte antigen genes from normal and immunodeficient B lymphocytes, using polymerase chain reaction.

The RNA transcript levels of all human leukocyte antigen class II loci were determined from class II congenital immunodeficient B cells by polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNA. No mRNA was observed under conditions in which 0.01% normal levels could be visualized. Pre-mRNA could be amplified from normal B cells but not from immunodeficient B cells, indicating a transcription defect.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1990

Secularization and medicalization.

This paper examines Bryan Turner's view that medicine has replaced religion as the 'social guardian of morality.' It argues that Turner's failure to co-ordinate the theories of secularization and medicalization has prevented this hypothesis from being fully explored. A systematic and synthesized account of both medicalization and secularization is given, and used as the framework for a review of the history of Seventh-day Adventism-a sect that is both a product and an agent of the two processes. In conclusion it is suggested that medicalization may be conductive to sect development, and that secularization and medicalization are compatible models of social change.

Christianity↗
PubMed1989

GP obstetrics: making the most of shared care.

The great majority of pregnant women today receive maternity care shared between their GP and specialist obstetric units in district hospitals. This style of care can be rationalised to utilise to the full the skills of the primary care team and thus relieve pressure on often overcrowded hospital clinics.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1989

Translocation 1;7 in four cases of myeloid disorders.

A der(1)t(1;7)(p11;p11) was observed in bone marrow chromosome analyses of four patients with myeloproliferative disorders. Three patients had developed secondary leukemias or preleukemias following chemotherapeutic exposure, and one patient was diagnosed with M4 de novo.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Heat-induced aggregated human IgG modifies the adherence of human polymorphonuclear cells to cultured endothelium.

The adherence of human blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNC) to cultured porcine aortic endothelium was enhanced by high concentrations of heat-stable IgG aggregates (HAGG) when sera was omitted from the culture media. With 20% human serum present in the media, HAGG induced a dose-related inhibition of PMNC adhesions with concentrations as low as 10 micrograms/ml producing a significant effect. This inhibitory action of HAGG, which was optimally expressed after 30 min of incubation, seemed to be directed at the PMNC rather than the endothelium. Heat-inactivation of the sera resulted in a marked decline of the inhibitory activity of HAGG. Aggregates of size 15-21 s were demonstrated to be most effective in inhibiting PMNC attachment and it is complexes of this size which are commonly found in the circulation of patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. Immune complex modification of PMNC adherence may control leucocyte extravasation during inflammation.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1986

Output systems of the dorsal column nuclei in the cat.

Numerous authors have demonstrated that the dorsal column nuclear complex (DCN) is functionally heterogeneous and has multiple terminal targets throughout the neuroaxis. In order to increase understanding of the functional significance of DCN's divergent connections, the present study used single and double light microscopic retrograde tracing strategies in the cat to characterize the location and morphology of DCN neurons that project to different portions of the diencephalon, rostral mesencephalon and spinal cord. These neuronal populations were then compared with those (previously reported from this and other laboratories) that project to the caudal mesencephalon, pons, inferior olive and cerebellum. When the results are considered together, a tentative picture of DCN emerges in which a population of clustered neurons that project exclusively to VPL form a core that is surrounded by and infiltrated with neurons projecting to other parts of the nervous system. Although the neuronal populations projecting to each of the different targets were individually separable anatomically by their location and/or morphological characteristics, previously reported physiological and other anatomical evidence permitted a preliminary grouping of these populations into 3 main systems. The first, a sensory tactile and kinesthetic 'cortical' system, consisted of 3 components: a double core of round, clustered medium-sized neurons (one each in the gracile and cuneate nuclei) and a variform rostral group projecting to the ventroposterolateral nucleus (VPL), a ventral group of unclustered large round neurons in the middle cuneate nucleus and a dense group of neurons in nucleus Z projecting to VPL's border with the ventrolateral nucleus (VPL/VL), and a group of mainly small-sized neurons located between the clusters of neurons or in the thin dorsal rim around the caudal and middle portions of the double cores and a populous, variform rostral group projecting indirectly (and possibly directly) to the posterior group through the intercollicular region of the tectum. The second, a sensorimotor 'cerebellar' system, consisted of multiple, subtly separable populations of neurons with different morphological characteristics all of which were located in different parts of the complex region that surrounds the cores on all sides. These neurons projected to restricted portions of interconnected targets within the zona incerta, tectum, pretectum, red nucleus, pontine grey, pontine raphe, inferior olive, and cerebellum.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1983

A comparison of low-risk pregnant women booked for delivery in two systems of care: shared-care (consultant) and integrated general practice unit. I. Obstetrical procedures and neonatal outcome.

Samples of records of comparable low-risk pregnant women booked for delivery in an integrated general practice unit (GPU) and a consultant (or shared-care) system were derived from a computer tape of all 5005 births which occurred at the John Radcliffe Hospital in 1978. Induction of labour, epidural analgesia and forceps delivery were all less frequently carried out in women booked for delivery in the GPU. Infants of multiparous women were more often intubated in the shared-care system (3%) than in the GPU (0%); rates in infants of nulliparous women were similar (approx. 7%) in the two systems. These data suggest that short-term outcomes are as good for GPU-booked low-risk women and their infants as for comparable women booked in consultant or shared-care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

A comparison of low-risk pregnant women booked for delivery in two systems of care: shared-care (consultant) and integrated general practice unit. II. Labour and delivery management and neonatal outcome.

A random sample of low-risk pregnant women were equally divided into four groups of 63 nulliparae and multiparae each booked for care in a integrated general practice unit (GPU) and a shared-care (consultant) system. Selection criteria included only women who were admitted because they were in spontaneous labour or thought they were. Nulliparous women booked for shared-care came into hospital at a less advanced state of cervical dilatation than those booked for the GPU and spent longer (11 compared with 8 h) in hospital before delivery; the comparable durations in multiparae were 6 and 4 h. Both the first and second stages of labour were longer in the GPU-booked women but they received less pethidine and fewer had epidural analgesia; they received less electronic fetal monitoring, augmentation and forceps delivery, and fetal distress was diagnosed less often. The 1-min Apgar score was less than or equal to 6 in 17.5% of infants of nulliparae booked for the shared-care system compared with 1.6% of those booked for the GPU. The intubation rate of infants of nulliparae was 11% in the shared-care system compared with no intubations in the GPU. These comparisons demonstrate the simplicity and safety of delivery of low-risk women in the GPU as compared with deliveries of similar women in a shared-care (consultant) unit.

Adolescent↗