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Biomedical subjects

M Buchsbaum

Publications and source records attributed to M Buchsbaum.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Alcoholics and high-low sensory input: a pilot study.

It is hypothesized that alcoholics possess a perceptual-neurophysiological sensitivity which renders them vulnerable to the effects of information or stimulus overload: the resort to alcohol, therefore, may represent an adaptive attempt to restore physiologic homeostasis through the pharmacologic "dampening" properties of this drug. Twelve alcoholic subjects were assigned to three different levels of audio-visual sensory stimulation (no, medium, high) and three different doses of alcohol (placebo, low, high) according to a balanced incomplete block design. The results indicated trend level and significant interactions between alcohol and sensory level effects on craving intensity and systolic blood pressure, respectively, as well as a number of other intriguing findings. Should the findings of this pilot study be replicated, they will have important implications for the understanding of alcoholism.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1975

Lithium carbonate response in depression. Prediction by unipolar/bipolar illness, average-evoked response, catechol-O-methyl transferase, and family history.

The antidepressant efficacy of lithium carbonate was assessed in a double-blind trial in 23 hospitalized depressed patients. Unequivocal response was significantly more frequent in bipolar than in unipolar depressed patients. Lithium carbonate responders had a greater visual average-evoked response amplitude increase in response to increased stimulus intensity, termed "augmenting". No correlation could be demonstrated between lithium carbonate efficacy and either erythrocyte catechol-O-methyl transferase activity, age of symptom onset, number of hospitalizations, or family history of affective disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

Average evoked responses and psychophysical performance in patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism.

Perceptual function in eight patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) was studied with two neurophysiological measures, the average evoked response (AER) and nerve conduction velocity. A battery of psychophysical tasks including reaction time, size estimation, `hidden pictures,' and the rod and frame procedure was also used. Patients with PHP had significantly longer latency visual AER and slower reaction time than a group of normal volunteers, and they performed erratically and poorly on the other psychophysical tasks. Differentiating these patients with diffuse mental deficiency were two relatively specific perceptual response patterns: (1) AER amplitude decreased with increasing stimulus intensity, and (2) reaction time was abnormally influenced by the duration of the preparatory interval. Both of these patterns have previously been found in other patient groups.

Adolescent↗