Ragweed-specific IgA in nasal lavage fluid of ragweed-sensitive allergic rhinitis patients: increase during the pollen season.
Because the secretions of asthma and rhinitis contain toxic eosinophil granule proteins and because secretory IgA is the most potent immunoglobulin stimulus for eosinophil degranulation, we measured eosinophil-derived neurotoxin and ragweed-specific IgA and IgE antibodies in nasal lavage before and during the ragweed pollen season in 44 hay fever patients. We found IgA antibody in nanogram/milliliter concentrations before the season and rising 20-fold by the end of the season. IgE antibody was present in picogram/milliliter concentrations and did not change. Eosinophils and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin also increased. We conclude that IgA is the predominant antibody in allergic nasal secretions and increases with allergen exposure. The hypothesis that secretory IgA antibody-allergen complexes contributes to allergic inflammation by stimulating eosinophil degranulation warrants further study.