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Biomedical subjects

M Broyer

Publications and source records attributed to M Broyer.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Damage to testicular function in chronic renal failure of children.

The functional endocrine reserve of testes was studied in 58 boys before and during puberty at different stages of chronic renal failure. Plasma testosterone (T) and dihydro- T were measured before and seven days after stimulation with human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). The T response to HCG often appeared to be already subnormal in renal failure before puberty had started. A negative correlation was observed in prepubertal boys between serum creatinine and stimulated T levels before the start of dialysis. During puberty the response to HCG was lower in boys on conservative treatment and on haemodialysis than after transplantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Micro determination of plasma renin activity in normal infants and children of capillary and venous blood.

Plasma renin activity (PRA) has been measured by microassay on capillary and venous blood sampled simultaneously in 21 subjects; there is no significant difference between these two groups of PRA values. PRA values in normal infants, children and adults have been measured with this microassay and the results are similar to those previously published by authors using different radioimmunological assays.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Membranous glomerulonephritis and hepatitis B surface antigen in children.

Of 33 children with membranous nephropathy screened for HBs Ag, 14 were found to be HBs Ag carriers, whereas HBs Ag was detected in 3 of 170 and 4 of 100 children with glomerular and nonglomerular kidney diseases, respectively. HBs Ag was often associated with acute hepatitis at onset (five patients) or with elevated transminases values. This high incidence and the prevalence of an unusual subtype (ayw2) suggest a relationship between HBs Ag and the glomerular lesions. Using immunofluorescence, however, HBs Ag could not be detected within the deposits, so that the nature of the relationship cannot be considered as established. The clinical outcome (50% remission), the plasma complement component disturbances, and findings by immunofluorescence did not differ from those observed in children with MGN without detectable HBs Ag.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of various protein diets on growth, renal function, and survival of uremic rats.

The effects on growth, renal function, and survival of three isocaloric diets of various protein content (14, 27, and 37 g/100 g in diets I, II, and III, respectively) were compared in uremic rats and in controls. Diet I provided the minimal requirements in all amino acids for gorwing rats. In controls fed ad lib, weight and length gain were better with high protein diets, whereas they were inversely related to the diet protein content in uremic rats. The higher the protein intake, the higher the progressive elevation of BUN and serum creatinine and the mortality rate. Because proteins were supplied by fish flour, their increase was associated with increased mineral content, and the conclusions are restricted to the use of natural proteins: a moderately restricted protein diet securing only the minimal requirements had a beneficial effect on growth and survival of rats with reduced kidney mass. Avoiding any excess in proteins from the early stage of renal disease is suggested.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Arterial hypertension from secretion of catecholamines in an infant with a ganglioneuroblastoma].

The case of a 16 month old infant presenting with an abdominal tumour and systemic hypertension is reported. The profile of urinary plasma and tumour catecholamine levels corresponded with that of a pheochromocitoma. The combination of alphablockers and betablockers was the only effective treatment of the peaks of preoperative hypetension. The tumour was completely excised and was found to be a ganglioneuroblastoma. No recurrence has been observed after 3 years post-operative follow-up. The incidence and mechanisms of hypertension in neuroblastoma are reviewed. Only these histological forms of ganglioblastoma have the enzymatic set up for the synthesis and release of pressor amines.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[Arterial hypertension caused by anomaly of the renal artery or its branches in children].

38 cases of severe hypertension due to a vascular abnormality of the renal pedicle were studied in children under 16 years of age, 18 boys and 20 girls. The most common presentation was at routine clinical examination. The diagnosis of an abnormality of the renal artery was suggested by the appearances of intravenous urography. There were many causes; 4 aneurysms of the renal artery or its branches, 4 fibromuscular dysplasias with one case of bilateral fibromuscular dysplasia, 4 idiopathic stenoses, 2 endarteritis, and 6 thromboses revascularised to variable degrees (2 after umbilical vein catheterisation and one due to DLE). In three cases the hypertension was related to compression of the pedicle by a tumour of haematome, and 14 cases had multiple arterial lesion. In the latter group, 6 cases of neurofibromatosis, 2 cases of William and Beuren's disease, 1 case of generalised Elastorhexia, 2 cases of aortic medio stenosis, probably Takayashu's disease, and 3 unidentified conditions. Surgery was performed on 29 patients, 21 of whom had unilateral lesions and were definitively cured of hypertension. Of the 8 cases with multiple lesions, only 2 were completely corrected with cure of their hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Conservative treatment of chronic renal insufficiency in children.

Conservative management of chronic renal failure in children is essentially based on dietary prescription including recommendations for high caloric intake and a certain limitation of protein intake according to GFR in order to avoid any extra loading with nitrogen wastes. Prescriptions for sodium potassium and water have to be adjusted on their residual output. Prevention of osteodystrophy needs supplement of calcium, chelation of phosphorus with aluminium hydroxide and the prescription of vitamin D or its active derivatives. High blood pressure when present must be carefully controlled. Drugs, when necessary, have to be given with a dosage taking into account the level of renal failure. Finally, the mode of life of the uremic child should be as close to normal as possible.

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1978

Gonadal effects of chlorambucil given to prepubertal and pubertal boys for nephrotic syndrome.

To assess the gonadal effects of chlorambucil given to prepubertal and pubertal boys, testicular function of 21 adolescents or young men, treated with chlorambucil for nephrotic syndrome before or during puberty, have been evaluated. Evaluations have been based on penis and testicular size, serum FSH, LH and testosterone values, and sperm count. Nine patients have testicular hypotrophy, 13 have significantly elevated FSH, 17 have azoospermia, two have severe oligospermia, and repetitive sperm counts show no improvement. A quiescent state of the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules does not protect against chlorambucil toxicity, which seems to be related to the cumulative dose. Chlorambucil should be used with caution, even in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Measurement of growth in children with renal insufficiency.

The serial measurement of stature, weight, skin-fold thickness, mean arm circumference, skeletal maturity, and where appropriate, stage of sexual development are recommended as suitable indices for assessing growth in children with kidney disease. Methods of expressing the data for evaluating the individual child are generally used methods. Emphasis is given to relating stature to bone age in evaluating growth potential. Methods for comparing growth rates in groups of children are less well-developed. Using standard deviation scores is recommended for comparing stature in two groups of children or in the same child observed at the end of two different regimens. Weight using ideal weight-for-height as reference from a group of children can be treated statistically. Data of skinfold thickness and arm circumference from two groups can be handled statistically only when the groups are comparable in age and sex.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1978

Oxygen transport in children on maintenance haemodialysis.

1. Adaptive mechanisms of oxygen transport by blood have been studied in severely anaemic young patients on maintenance haemodialysis, in conditions of hyperphosphataemia (Pi greater than or equal to 2.2 mmol/l) or normophosphataemia. 2. In hyperphosphataemia whole-blood affinity for oxygen was slightly decreased, as measured by an increase in P50 (the partial pressure of oxygen necessary to half saturate haemoglobin). 2,3-Diphosphoglycerate was increased by 10% (P less than 0.10) whereas Pi, total erythrocyte phosphate and ATP were increased by 100%, 47% and 36% respectively, compared with control values. 3. After correction of hyperphosphataemia a small but significant decrease in P50 and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, to normal values, was observed whereas the other variables, although significantly lowered, remained above control values. 4. In these severely anaemic and hyperphosphataemic patients P50 and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate are only slightly increased. ATP synthesis appears to be favoured over that of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. This is possibly due to alterations in the erythrocyte membrane elicited by bi-weekly extracorporeal circulation. Adequate oxygen transport can be achieved only through a drastic increase in blood flow. Correction of hyperphosphataemia adds further to the abnormality. It is concluded that this condition could induce a long-term myocardial fatigue, which might be prevented with occasional small blood transfusions.

Adaptation, Physiological↗