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Biomedical subjects

M Brown

Publications and source records attributed to M Brown.

At least 901 records · Page 50Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

In-vivo determination of error in the measurement of urethral pressure by the method of Brown and Wickham.

A method of determining the error caused by the infusion of water into the urethra during urethral wall pressure and urethral pressure profile measurements is described and discussed. The test is conducted in vivo and the measured pressure is related to the actual urethral wall pressure. The "intrinsic error" is found to be approximately 1-0 cm H2O for every ml/min of infusion rate. Incidental findings concerned with changes in urethral resistance are also reported.

False Negative Reactions↗
PubMed1975

The effects of radiotherapy on the nasolacrimal system as evaluated by dacryoscintigraphy.

By utilizing 61 lacrimal scans, 26 patients who had received radiotherapy for inner canthus and lid lesions were evaluated. Results indicate that the membranous lacrimal passages are relatively immune to radiation therapy. Although dacryoscintigraphy did not delineate the anatomical features quite as well as contrast dacryocystography, it yielded very useful information about flow mechanisms and tear transit times. The study is rapid, simple, non-hazardous, and particularly helpful in documenting the status of the lacrimal drainage system before and after radiotherapy to the inner canthus region.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Hypno-analgesia and acupuncture analgesia: a neurophysiological reality?

The effects of hypnosis, acupuncture and analgesic drugs on the subjective experience of pain and on objective neurophysiological parameters were investigated. Pain was produced by brief electric stimuli on the wrist. Pain challengers were: hypnosis (induced by two different video tapes), acupuncture (at specific and unspecific loci, with and without electrical stimulation of the needles), morphine and ketamine. Evaluation of clinical parameters included the subjective experience of pain intensity, blood pressure, puls, temperature, psychosomatic symptoms and side effects. Neurophysiological parameters consisted of the quantitatively analyzed EEG and somatosensory evlked potential (SEP). Pain was significantly reduced by hypnosis, morphine and ketamine, but not during the control seesion. Of the four acupuncture techniques, only electro-acupuncture at specific loci significantly decreased pain. The EEG changes during hypnosis were dependent on the wording of the suggestion and were characterized by an increase of slow and a decrease of fast waves. Acupuncture induced just the opposite changes, which were most significant when needles were inserted at traditional specific sites and stimulated electrically. The evoked potential findings suggested that ketamine attenuates pain in the thalamo-cortical pathways, while hypnosis, acupuncture and morphine induce analgesia at the later CNS stage of stimulus processing. Finally some clinical-neurophysiological correlations were explored.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1975

Central nervous system effects of hypothalamic peptides.

Intravenous (i.v.) administration of TRF (1 mg/kg) increases the LD50 of pentobarbital (PB) by 25% while the same dose of somatostatin results in a 30% reduction in PB LD50. A similar increase of PB LD50 by TRF was observed in hypophysectomized rats. Mortality was completely abolished in rats receiving TRF (1 mg/kg) ten minutes after a lethal dose of PB (120 mg/kg). Somatostatin (1 mg/kg) decreases strychnine-induced seizure duration and increases strychnine LD50 by 21% while TRF lowers the strychnine LD50 by 28%. These observations are consistent with central nervous system sites of action for TRF and somatostatin.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Growth hormone release in the rat: effects of somatostatin and thyrotropin-releasing factor.

Morphine sulfate (MS) and pentobarbital (PB) stimulate growth hormone (GH) release in the rat in vivo, but not from enzymatically dissociated anterior pituitary cells in vitro. Somatostatin and thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF) inhibit the in vivo release of GH induced by MS, with 50% inhibition at ca. 2.3 and 4.6 mug/100 g BW, respectively. Somatostatin and TRF similarly inhibit PB-induced GH release. Prostaglandin E2 stimulates GH release both in vivo and in vitro. Both of these responses are inhibited by somatostatin (50% inhibition at ca. 10 mug/100g BW), but neither is altered by TRF (100 mug/100g BW). Both normal and hypophysectomized rats receiving MS exhibited a rapid vibration of the tail immediately after administration of TRF (30 mug/100g BW). Structural analogs of TRF with low TSH-releasing activity did not inhibit GH release nor induced tail vibration in MS-treated rats. Pyroglutamyl-3-methyl-histidyl-prolinamide, with 8 times the hypophysiotropic potency of TRF, is similarly more potent than TRF in inhibiting GH release and inducing tail vibration in MS-treated rats. These results suggest the following: 1) MS and PB act at a central nervous system (CNS) site to release GH; 2) TRF may act at a CNS site to inhibit MS- and PB-induced GH release; 3) somatostatin has direct pituitary effects on inhibition of GH, but a CNS site of action cannot be excluded; and 4) TRF stimulates tail motor activity in MS-treated rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Polypsychopharmacy.

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Antiparkinson Agents↗
PubMed1975

Increased 99mTc-polyphosphate muscle uptake in a patient with polymyositis: case report.

A patient with well-documented rheumatoid arthritis and polymyositis displayed abnormal muscle uptake of 99mTc-polyphosphate during routine bone scanning for occult malignancy. The regions of increased uptake corresponded to the areas of clinically active inflammatory muscle disease. On serial scans the degree of muscle labeling correlated well with both clinical and laboratory indices of disease activity.

Adult↗