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Biomedical subjects

M Bourgeois

Publications and source records attributed to M Bourgeois.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Potentiation of antidepressive treatment by thyroid hormone therapy. Review of the literature].

The association of thyroid hormone and antidepressant has been proposed for about twenty years, mainly for refractory depression treatment. Review of ten trials made since 1969 does not bring positive arguments in favor of this association (most of these trials have poor or no methodology). It is necessary to undertake double-blind placebo controlled studies on refractory depressed inpatients, in order to ascertain the real usefulness of this association.

Antidepressive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Predictive factors in the bipolarization of depressive disorders].

Since 1966 maniac-depressive illness has been divided into bipolar disorder (BP) and unipolar disorder (UP). Both groups are still in the process of subtyping (bipolar I,II,III and the tentative subtyping of unipolar group by Winokur). When affective disorder begins with depressive episodes is it possible to predict future mania and anticipate BP diagnosis? Are they variables of good predicting value for bipolarization? The issue is of importance since handicap, evolution, prognosis, treatment are somewhat different for UP and BP. Several studies indicate some possible predictors of bipolarization: pharmacological mania, bipolar familial antecedents, postpartum first episode, hypersomnia and psychomotor retardation, psychotic depression, etc. Special attention is given to switch to mania during antidepressant treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The administrative control of involuntary commitment at the department of Gironde 150 years following promulgation of the law of 30 June 1838].

The authors take initially stock of compulsory commitments and voluntary confinements (both types of commitment) in Gironde during 1985-1987. They note a rate of more important commitment for 100,000 inhabitants in urban zone, in particular for the voluntary confinements. The urgent procedure of compulsory commitment remains, in 1987, three time more used than the ordinary procedure. Psychiatric expertise of control on prefectoral requisition are frequently carried out before, as well as after the compulsory commitment (visits residence or in the particular hospital for the insane). 55 observations concerning medical checks at home are analyzed in the field of the origin and reasons for descriptions to the D.D.A.S.S. of Gironde as well as the diagnosis of the examined persons. The authors note finally that almost all the patients have a discontinuance of their compulsory commitment to the profit of another mode of placement during the hospitalization. They conclude that, applied and controlled well, the law of 30 june 1838 makes it possible to reconcile the protection of the public order, the care of the insane and the respect of individual freedom.

Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders↗
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Opiate withdrawal and electro-stimulation. Double blind experiments.

A rapid detoxification technique for heroin addicts is described. The technique uses an impulsional electric current developed by Limoge. The treatment is nonaggressive, very well tolerated by the addicts and leads to a good psychotherapeutic relationship with the medical staff. A successful physical detoxification is achieved in more than 80% of the cases (this figure is based on 400 patients treated by the method). The technique was subjected to two double-blind experiments. The first experiment tested the real efficacity of the electrical stimulation. The difference between the group of subjects stimulated and the unstimulated control group had a "p-value" which was significant at the 0,5% level. This leads us to believe that the electrical stimulation has a real positive effect. The second experiment reconfirmed the efficacity of the stimulation and showed that 24 hour continuous stimulation was not sufficient to produce a lasting effect. After about 50 hours stimulation a Naloxone test produced little or no reaction in the patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The TRIG (Texas Revised Inventory of Grief) questionnaire. French translation and validation].

Bereavement and mourning are normal reactions to the loss of a loved one, characterized by specific ideas, affects, and behavior, evolving spontaneously towards resolution. This syndrome, classified as a non mental disorder (DSM IV), resembles depression. Up to now, there was no instrument for an objective assessment. The general objective of this work was to present the french version of the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief, or TRIG (Faschingbauer, De Vaul & Zisook, 1981), designed to evaluate the intensity of the reaction to the loss of a loved one. Our population is composed of 154 adults of the general population (74 females and 80 males) of the age of 25 to 35 years. A principal component analysis gave us a general factor of grief (28% VT) which gathers emotional reaction to the bereavement. The factorial analysis with Varimax Rotations confirmed the existence of two specific types of grief. These are "past behavior" (reaction at the time of loss) factor (37% VT), "present feelings" (at the time of assessment by TRIG) factor (31% VT). Furthermore, another factor of "related facts" (32% VT) appeared to be in relation with the aptitude of coping. These results allowed us to construct a valid questionnaire of 25 items measuring 3 types of bereavement reactions.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Grief experience by 154 young adults in the general population (value of the TRIG grief scale). Texas Revised Inventory of Grief].

154 young adults (25-35 years old) of the general population completed tests and questionnaires in order to find correlations between the scores at the Texas Revised Inventory of Grief, TRIG (Faschingbauer et al. 1977) and several personality variables (depression, anxiety-state and -trait, self-esteem, locus of control, social support, and tobacco dependency). The correlation between all these variables are presented and discussed. TRIG, in its French translation and validation, proves to be a reliable and specific instrument in the assessment of bereavement (past and current distress, and coping process).

Adaptation, Psychological↗