Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Boucherat

Publications and source records attributed to M Boucherat.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Comparative frequencies of the beats of nasal and bronchial ciliary cells. Study in 10 adults without respiratory pathology].

The frequencies of nasal and bronchial ciliated cell beats were compared in 10 adult subjects (mean age 56 years) with E.N.T. tumoral pathology but no recent respiratory disease. Ciliated cells were collected by simultaneous nasal curettage and bronchial brushing carried out under general anaesthesia during endoscopic evaluation of the tumors. The frequency of beats was measured by the stroboscopic method at room temperature (18 degrees-25 degrees C) at least 3 hours after cell collection. A significant (p less than 0.05) difference was found between nasal (8.89 +/- 0.84 Hz) and bronchial (9.6 +/- 1.03 Hz) beats. A study of nasal ciliated cell beats therefore provides a first assessment of ciliary function which is of interest in patients with recurrent respiratory diseases. It is a simple procedure that can easily be performed prior to more complex investigations, such as study of the bronchial ciliated cell beats or ultrastructural study of the cilia.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[New area of endemic goiter : the northeast Bénoué, (North Cameroon)].

Endemic goiter was thought to essentially spread in the southern part of Cameroun. In fact the North-East Benoué (NEB) area also appears to be concerned. We studied 1242 individuals from 5 representative villages. The overall goiter frequency was 28.4%. Study of emigrants showed a spreading of the endemic area towards the boundary part of Tchad. However increase of morbidity was related to the duration of settlement in NEB (18% after 1 year vs 34% after 5 years, p less than 0.01). Samples of urine from one single micturition were kept at 4 degrees C and assayed for iodide within 3 days. The results exhibited marked iodine deficiency (iodide : 9.6 +/- 1.5 micrograms/l; urinary ratio : iodide/creatinine : 17.9 micrograms/l). The way of preserving urine before iodine assay was critical. After 8 days of daylight exposure of the samples at 30 degrees C, the most part of assayable iodine had disappeared. The goitrogenic effect of manioc was weak : there was no relationship between the presence of goiter and the amount of ingested manioc. Concentration of thiocyanates in urine was correlated neither with manioc consumption nor with goiter volume. An automatic classification was obtained by computerization of several parameters. 88% of the patients distributed in 10 groups whose goiter frequencies were markedly different. Because of the well-defined characteristics of each group, it seems possible to perform valid biological or nutritional studies using a limited number of individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Incidence of ciliary beats in nasal cells obtained from smears. Study of 40 patients of whom 28 were children with respiratory pathology].

Disturbance of ciliary function are considered as a significant factor in the outcome of chronic respiratory afflictions. Thanks to a simple method of stroboscopic lighting, the ciliary beat frequency was studied on 40 nasal mucus smears obtained by swabbing in 28 children and 12 adults with chronic respiratory failure or recurrent disease. The 28 children were divided into three groups: group A (n = 10), pulmonary disease (broncho-pneumonia); group B (n = 3), Kartagener syndrome; group C (n = 15) pure otorhinolaryngological (ORL) disease (rhino-opharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis). Twelve adults with chronic ORL pathology (vaso-motor rhinitis) made up group D. A cytological control was carried out on each smear and showed the presence of ciliated cells in 92.5% of samples. In three group B cases (Kartagener's syndrome) no ciliary movement was observed. The results in groups A (9.3 +/- 1.46 Hz) and C (8.98 +/- 2.23 Hz) show that the level of respiratory infection (pulmonary or ORL) did not influence the ciliary beat frequency (p greater than 0.05). On the other hand, there was a significant difference (p less than 0.001) between the beat frequency in the group of children in group A (9.3 +/- 1.46 Hz) and C (8.98 +/- 2.23 Hz) and those of adults in group D (11.32 +/- 1.89 Hz). Two hypotheses might explain these facts: The existence of a differing physiological response in children and adults. Different mechanisms during chronic ORL infections in adults (vasomotor phenomena) and in the child (bacterial infection). The average frequencies measured were comparable to those previously published in human respiratory cilia using other methods.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aging↗
PubMed1984

[Stroboscopic study of the respiratory mucosal ciliary beat frequency].

Abnormalities of the ciliary function have been found as an important factor in chronic respiratory diseases. For the study of the ciliary beat frequency, we developed a stroboscopic method using a stroboscopic illuminator ( Strobo Hertz) substituted to the normal light of an inverted optic microscope (Leitz). The ciliated cells obtained either by nasal scraping or tracheobronchial brushing were maintained in a culture medium (IP 199) at 37 degrees C. The ciliary beat frequency was measured at various times, at least one hour after the sampling. Nasal scraping, was performed with a curette in 17 children from 10 months to 16 years who complained of chronic respiratory diseases. Ciliated cells were obtained in 14 samples. In one of them 5 years old with a situs inversus, although the ciliated cells were numerous, the cilia appeared immotile. In the 13 others, the frequency was from 7 to 11.5 Hz with a mean of 10.8 Hz. These results were compared to those obtained by tracheobronchial brushings performed in 7 patients from 4 months to 46 years who underwent an endoscopic investigation. The ciliary frequency was 7 to 10 Hz with a mean of 8.5 Hz. The study of the ciliary beat frequency obtained by nasal scraping seems to be a reliable method for the detection of abnormal ciliary function. Nasal scraping is a non invasive method. Moreover, the stroboscopic method is a non expensive tool.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Comparative immunochemical study of serum and urine proteins in Macaca irus and in humans.

1. A study of serum and urinary proteins of Macaca irus was performed in normal animals in comparison to values normally encountered in humans. 2. Conventional electrophoretic and immunochemical techniques showed that the main variations involved the plasma concentrations of certain proteins, the immunoelectrophoretic profile and the type of haptoglobin. 3. The authors could nevertheless demonstrate the existence of a common antigenicity for a number of proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Lead poisoning revealed by severe encephalopathy : pica does exist in France (author's transl)].

Subacute lead encephalopathy due a chronic poisoning was present in a 6 year-old child. Neurologic features (coma, seizures, CSF abnormalities) began after 2 weeks of vomiting, abdominal pain and constipation. Diagnosis was confirmed by studies of porphyrin metabolism. Lead poisoning following pica in childhood has rarely been reported in France. Its pathogenesis, main features, diagnosis and treatment are reviewed.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1980

Lead poisoning in monkeys: functional and histopathological alterations of the kidneys.

Ten monkeys (Macacus Irus) were given 0--15 mg of lead acetate (in drinking water) 6 days a week for 9 months. Two of the monkeys were also put on a low calcium diet with 6 mg of lead acetate/day. The blood lead level usually increased from the third month according to the dose of lead ingested and more quickly in monkeys deprived of calcium. Some of the monkeys showed signs of alteration in protein glomerular filtration and/or proximal tubular reabsorption. Studies using optical and electron microscopy showed distinct pathological changes in the proximal tubular epithelium where heavy deposits of lead were seen in the nuclei.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Urinary porphyrin excretion in various types of porphyria. Thin-layer chromatographic study.

A new method of thin-layer chromatography was used for the study of urinary porphyrins in 42 porphyric patients (27 cases of porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT), 5 cases of porphyria variegata, 4 cases of acute intermittent porphyria, 2 cases of hereditary coproporphyria and 4 cases of erythropoietic protoporphyria), 21 of their clinically normal relatives and 5 controls. The results are compared to previously published data and discussed for the diagnosis of the porphyrias. If urinary porphyrin pattern seems sufficiently pathognomonic for PCT, it appears often unable to allow exact diagnosis of the acute porphyrias; faecal studies and sometimes enzymatic determinations are necessary.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗
PubMed1978

Faecal porphyrin excretion in various types of porphyria. Thin layer chromatographic study.

A new method of thin layer chromatography was used for the study of faecal porphyrins in 31 porphyric patients (20 cases of porphyria cutanea tarda, 5 cases of porphyria variegata, 2 cases of hereditary coproporphyria, 1 case of acute intermittent porphyria and 3 cases of erythropoietic protoporphyria), 14 of their clinically normal relatives and 5 controls. The pattern obtained was characteristic of each type of porphyria and compared to previously published data.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Faecal porphyrin excretion in various types of porphyria. Thin layer chromatographic study.

A new method of thin layer chromatography was used for the study of faecal porphyrins in 31 porphyric patients (20 cases of porphyria cutanea tarda, 5 cases of porphyria variegata, 2 cases of hereditary coproporphyria, 1 case of acute intermittent porphyria and 3 cases of erythropoietic protoporphyria), 14 of their clinically normal relatives and 5 controls. The pattern obtained was characteristic of each type of porphyria and compared to previously published data.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Hepatography with intravenously injected emulsified iodolipids. Preliminary results.

Hepatography by slow intravenous infusion of AG 60 99 Guerbet (iodized lipids in a stable emulsion) was performed in 31 patients, aged 17 to 77 years, to detect circumscribed hepatic lesions: metastases, cysts, and hepatic abscesses. The tolerance was good with minor side effects unrelated to the patient's age. The uptake of the medium involves the entire liver and lasts for several hours, allowing tomography to be carried out. Intrahepatic lesions with a diameter of less than one centimeter may be demonstrated. Hepatography proves to be the most accurate method available at present for exploration of the liver.

Adolescent↗