Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Blake

Publications and source records attributed to M Blake.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[The postoperative protein and energy metabolism during infusion therapy with high-calorie carbohydrate solutions, compared with low-calorie amino acid solutions].

In a comparative study two infusion regimens applicable via the peripheral veins were examined with regard to their efficacy for the protein and energy metabolism. 20 male metabolically normal patients having undergone gastric resections were divided into 2 groups: Group I received a combined 17.2% carbohydrate solution containing no amino acids, group II received a combined 5% carbohydrate solution together with a 2.5% amino acid solution. In group I an optimal protein sparing was observed with significantly lower serum urea levels than preoperatively and in group II. The serum urea levels of group II showed a significant increase without exceeding the upper normal range and thus indicated partial utilization of amino acids for gluconeogenesis. Nevertheless, the nitrogen balances of the postoperative days 1-4 in group II were significantly improved in comparison with group I. The amino acid utilization in group II was therefore considerable despite increased gluconeogenesis. The concentration of free fatty acids in the serum of group II which was significantly increased during the postoperative days 1-5 suggested an enhanced endogenous production of energy by way of lipolysis. In group II the low-dosed supply of carbohydrates produced a correspondingly lower insulin secretion which on the one hand enabled increased lipolysis and on the other hand resulted in the utilization of carbohydrates in insulin-independent organs essential for glucose utilization. In contrast to group II there was found to be a significantly lower concentration of free fatty acids in the serum of group I because of insulin-induced reesterification rates and impaired lipolysis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Intra-strain heterogeneity of gonococcal pili is related to opacity colony variance.

We have purified pili from isogenic opacity colony variants that were derived from 14 gonococcal strains. Pili purified from opaque colonies of one strain usually differed from pili purified from transparent colonies of the same strain. In 10 of the 14 strains examined, the apparent subunit molecular weight of pilin isolated from the opaque variants was larger than that seen with pilin obtained from transparent variants. In addition there were demonstrable intra-strain differences in the isoelectric point and buoyant density of pili derived from the opacity variants. Because gonococci express differing opacity phenotypes during the menstrual cycle, it is possible that the pili of these organisms may also alter in vivo.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1979

Studies on gonococcus infection. XVII. IgA1-cleaving protease in vaginal washings from women with gonorrhea.

Vaginal washings from women attending a veneral disease clinic were examined for the presence of protease that cleaved IgA subclass 1 (IgA1). In a crude assay, vaginal washings cleaved [125I]IgA1 in 19 of 25 specimens from individuals from whom Neisseria gonorrhoeae were cultivated. Forty-six specimens from 104 women whose cultures were negative for N. gonorrhoeae also cleaved [125I]IgA1. Vaginal washings from six of six women with culture-proven gonorrhea cleaved [125I]IgA1 into low-molecular-weight components identical to those produced by partially purified IgA1-specific protease from gonococci. The hydrolysis of [125I]IgA1 by vaginal washings from women whose cultures were negative for N. gonorrhoeae yielded cleavage products that resembled those of trypsin or alpha-chymotrypsin. These findings indicate that gonococci residing in the female genital tract produce IgA1-specific protease that can be detected in the vaginal washings of infected women.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗
PubMed1977

Amniotic fluid glucose in pregnancies complicated by diabetes.

Amniotic fluid glucose (AF glu) was studied in 92 pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes. An inverse relation between AF glu and gestational age was found: [AF glu (mg. per diciliter) = 160.9 -- 3.51 (weeks gestation); r = -0.47]. A direct relation between AF glu and severity of maternal diabetes was observed: mean AF glu (mg. per deciliter) = 24.6 +/- S.D. 12.3 in Class A, 41.2 +/- 25.5 in Class AD and 57.5 +/- 36.5 in Classes B-D. A positive correlation of AF glu with osmolality was observed [AF Osm (mOsm. per kilogram) = 250.7 + 0.22 AF glu; r = +0.50], but this relation was remarkable inconsistent in individual patients. Neither individual nor serial AF glu levels were of any prognostic value in predicting fetal condition or perinatal outcome.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1976

Amniotic fluid osmolality in pregnancies complicated by diabetes.

Amniotic fluid osmolality (AF Osm) was studied in 247 patients whose pregnancies were complicated by maternal diabetes. Significant increases in mean AF Osm accompanied pre-existing fetal as well as subsequent perinatal death. Abnormal increases in AF Osm were associated with a significant increase in risk of perinatal compromise with cumulative morbidity and mortality rates of 54 per cent. These data suggest that serial evaluation of AF Osm enables detection of a "higher risk" group of diabetic pregnancies in which perinatal death is more than doubled.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Amniotic fluid lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio in complicated pregnancies.

Amniotic fluid (AF) lecithin/sphingomyelin (L/S) rations were obtained in 223 pregnancies. Gestations complicated by maternal diabetes (71), vascular disease (50), and fetal growth retardation (47) were included. Elevated L/S ratios at 34 to 36 weeks' gestation were observed to accompany maternal vascular disease; higher rat;os were also related to fetal sex (female) and race (black). Declining L/S rations were observed in 14 of 35 diabetic patients studied serially (40 per cent) and were accompanied by increased perinatal morbidity and deaths. These data suggest an urgent need for further studies concerning the clinical usefulness of a serial decline in the L/S ration as a predictor of fetal compromise.

Amniocentesis↗
PubMed1975

Amniotic fluid creatinine in pregnancies complicated by diabetes.

Amniotic fluid (AF) creatinine concentrations, determined in 353 samples from 167 pregnancies complicated by maternal diabetes, are similar to those found at comparable gestation in uncomplicated pregnancy. Added maternal vascular disease significantly raises AF creatinine to such a degree that overestimation of fetal (renal) maturity is a clinical hazard if based solely on this parameter. Relative concentrations of creatinine in AF and maternal plasma (AF/MP ratio) are related to gestational age. Failure of AF creatinine to rise consistently on successive serial samples accompanies an increased risk of perinatal death in the pregnancy complicated by diabetes, four of five deaths in the present series following declines in this measurement.

Adult↗