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Biomedical subjects

M Black

Publications and source records attributed to M Black.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Melanoma detection by enzyme-radioimmunoassay of L-dopa, dopamine, and 3-O-methyldopamine in urine.

This enzyme-radioimmunoassay for the measurement of L-dopa, dopamine, and 3-O-methyldopamine is based on the incubation of urine in the presence of catechol-O-methyltransferase, aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase, and S-adenosylmethionine. The O-methylated dopamine metabolite formed, 3-O-methyldopamine, was characterized by radioimmunoassay. To evaluate the role of L-dopa metabolism in melanoma, we used the enzyme-radioimmunoassay to assess concentrations of L-dopa, dopamine, and 3-O-methyldopamine in urine from 10 healthy subjects, 10 hospitalized patients without melanoma and 28 patients with different degrees of melanoma. The effect of surgery for melanoma on urinary output of these catechols of melanoma patients was also evaluated. No significant difference in urinary L-dopa, dopamine, and 3-O-methyldopamine excretion rates was seen between normal subjects (L-dopa 1.3 +/- 0.3, dopamine 147 +/- 38, and 3-O-methyldopamine 31.4 +/- 13.6 microgram/24 h), hospitalized patients without melanoma, and amelanotic melanoma patients. However, the excretion rates for these metabolites in melanotic melanoma (L-dopa 5.6 +/- 1.2, dopamine 555 +/- 121, and 3-O-methyldopamine 178 +/- 40.3 microgram/24 h) were significantly (p < 0.005) higher than in control or amelanotic melanoma subjects. After surgery, there was a substantial decrease in urinary output of L-dopa and its metabolites by these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Multifactorial etiology of nasal polyps.

Forty patients with nasal polyps were assessed. Elevated serum total IgE levels in nine patients did not correlate with skin testing. Increased serum immune complexes were detected in 11 patients but did not correlate with depressed complement (five patients). Multiple immunological mechanisms may be involved in nasal polyp formation.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1980

Nitrofurantoin-induced chronic active hepatitis.

Two patients developed a syndrome closely simulating the 'lupoid' form of chronic active hepatitis during prolonged therapy with macrocrystalline nitrofurantoin. Symptoms and biochemical indices of hepatocellular necrosis abated rapidly after discontinuation of drug therapy, but smooth muscle and antinuclear antibodies remained detectable more than 1 year later. The serologic features of the disease and a strongly positive lymphocyte transformation test in one of the patients suggest that the disorder may have been immunologically mediated.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

Quinidine pharmacokinetics in patients with cirrhosis or receiving propranolol.

Quinidine pharmacokinetics (half-life, volume of distribution, and clearance) as well as protein binding were evaluated following a single 200 mg. oral dose of quinidine sulfate in eight control patients, in eight patients with moderate to severe cirrhosis, and in seven patients receiving 40 to 400 mg./day of propranolol. Patients with cirrhosis had a significantly longer quinidine half-life (9 +/- 1 hr; p less than .01) when compared to control patients (6 +/- 0.5h). This was not related to a reduced quinidine clearance rate but rather to an increase in quinidine volume of distribution (4.1 +/- .4 L./Kg. in cirrhotic patients vs 2.6 +/- 1 L./Kg. in control patients; p less than .01). Abnormal quinidine binding (greater than 25 per cent unbound fraction) was noted in seven of the eight cirrhotic patients. In contrast, patients receiving propranolol had a normal quinidine half-life of 6 +/- 0.5 hr. However, these patients had a significantly reduced quinidine clearance (3.3 +/- .7 ml./min./Kg. vs. 5.3 +/- .5 ml./min./Kg. in controls; p less than .05) and higher peak concentrations (1.25 +/- .20 micrograms/ml. vs. .80 +/- .5 micrograms/ml. in controls; p less than .05). Therefore in patients receiving propranolol, quinidine levels may be higher than expected shortly after dosage, and therefore a potential for transient toxicity exists in these patients. Maintenance quinidine dosage may have to be reduced in patients with moderate to severe hepatic cirrhosis, but not in patients receiving propranolol. Total quinidine concentration measurement underestimate free quinidine concentrations in most cirrhotic patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Assessment of weight and gestational age.

Many established nursery routines are in conflict with the physician's responsibility to the infant and the needs of the mother. While the first hour after birth is a crucial time for the mother and the infant to be together, it is also a time when neonatal problems can be identified and often prevented. Unless a problem is suspected immediately, this first hour of life is not the time for a thorough examination. The assessment of gestational age may be carried out later, in the nursery, when the infant's condition has stabilized and the parents have had an opportunity to view their infant.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1977

Handicapped children in a developing nation--Bangladesh.

Bangladesh is a young, struggling nation that is emerging with strong religious and family networks and a positive hope for the future. Children are viewed as the step toward that future. The attitudes toward handicapped children were explored by examining the available health services and then conducting a survey of parents of handicapped children. Since there are few treatment facilities and these are located in cities, many children do not receive treatment. Family-oriented treatment in which therapeutic activities are incorporated into the child's daily routine and where therapists can train the child and family members, periodically reassess the child, and provide guidance and advice when necessary may be an effective way to treat handicapped children. Unlike more developed nations, the families of Bangladesh were not interested in institutions for their handicapped children, and expressed hope even in the face of serious disabilities. Providing training to these families could perhaps help them achieve that hope.

Bangladesh↗
PubMed1977

The hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase system in man: cofactor effects and the influence of cholestasis.

Microsomal preparations from 22 surgical specimens of normal, cholestatic or severely diseased human liver were analyzed with respect to the amounts of cytochromes P-450 and b5 and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase present. Normal human liver contained slightly less NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome P-450 (mean 102.6 +/- 14.6 nmol/mg of protein per min. and 0.60 +/- 0.10 nmol/mg of protein, respectively) than is found in the adult rat, but wide variations were observed. Cytochrome b5 was present in comparable amounts to that in rat liver, and cytochrome b5/P --450 ratios were slightly increased in human liver as compared with rat liver. Cholestatic liver did not show significant alterations in the specific contents of any of these three components of the microsomal mixed-function oxidase system, but the two livers with severe parenchymal disease showed substantial reductions in all three. In vitro investigations of cofacter interrelationships in the N-demethylation of ethylmorphine by human liver microsomes suggested that NADPH was the favored electron donor, but NADH had a substantial (ca. 20%) synergistic effect (which was not enhanced by cyanide addition). These observations are in keeping with cytochrome b5 having a possible role in cytochrome P-450-mediated drug hydroxylation in man in both the normal state and after onset of cholestasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Hemangioendotheliomatosis of the liver. A 12-year follow-up.

Hemangioendothelioma of the liver is a rare tumor. A case is reported of a middle-aged woman who presented with hepatomegaly and ascites, and who has been followed for over 12 years. The clinical features, pathological, radiographic, portal hemodynamic, and metabolic changes are presented.

Adult↗