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Biomedical subjects

M Bibbo

Publications and source records attributed to M Bibbo.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Lectin binding in endometrial adenocarcinoma.

The relative increase in endometrial adenocarcinoma in women has increased the need for more objective criteria in the distinction of hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium. The authors have used the ability of lectins to detect changes in surface glycoproteins to probe the differences among proliferative endometrium, endometrial adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinomas. Paraffin-embedded sections of tissue obtained by Vakutage endometrial sampling technics were stained with each of 7 FITC lectin conjugates. Thirty-four specimens were examined (7 proliferative, 12 hyperplastic, and 15 adenocarcinomatous). Wheat germ agglutinin binding was detectable in all specimens with a distribution at the cell luminal border of glandular formations irrespective of diagnosis. However, adenocarcinoma cases showed distribution along the lumenal border and the cell periphery with loss of orientation of the lectin binding. Similar alterations and increased binding were noted for Concanavalin A. The WGA binding to sections was specifically inhibitable by oligosaccharides of N-acetyl-glucosamine. The results provide an objective criterion for detection of loss of cell orientation useful in the diagnosis of endometrial adenocarcinoma in tissue fragments.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Intermediate cell markers for malignancy. Consistency of expression.

Studies of samples from a larger patient population confirmed the consistency of expression of the previously reported markers for malignancy in normal-appearing intermediate cervical cells in samples from patients with abnormal cytology (moderate dysplasia and severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ). Based on samples of only 30 cells per case, a false-negative rate of 10% to 30% was estimated. The expression of the marker features thus provides a clear indication of uterine abnormal cytology; the lack of expression, however, does not entirely rule out the possibility of uterine abnormalities. The use of larger sample sizes and better staining protocols could further enhance the usefulness of marker feature studies in the prescreening for cancer.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1984

Stabilized binary hierarchic classifier in cytopathologic diagnosis.

A binary tree classifier (BTC) algorithm for computer-assisted cell image analysis has been developed that overcomes the problem of overtraining due to inadequate sample size/dimensionality ratio at the higher-order nodes of a hierarchic decision structure. Provisions have been introduced that ensure that decision rules created at each node are based on samples representative of the subpopulation routed to the node. These provisions eliminate problems caused by truncation effects resulting from the application of decision rules at preceding decision nodes. The BTC performs better than do single-stage classifiers in situations where the categories' mean vectors are not well separated and no equality of covariance matrices exists. In applications in which noticeable deterioration of classifier performance on test-set data is common, the classification success rate of the BTC algorithm is not statistically significantly different between the training-set and test-set data.

Cells↗
PubMed1983

High-resolution color video cytophotometry.

Comparison was made between cytophotometric measurements obtained using two data acquisition systems, one a microphotometer and the other a rapid video camera system, to ascertain whether the degradation of data with the faster video acquisition system still results in recorded images of sufficient quality to permit computer discrimination between cells of very similar appearance. Normal-appearing intermediate cells from cases with normal cytology and those from patients with dysplasia or malignant disease, as well as the subvisual markers within these cells that have rendered them capable of cytophotometric discrimination, were used for the study. Comparison of the data recorded by the two systems indicates that the diagnostic information is preserved in the change-over to a full-field, video-rate scanning system, with differences in the data caused primarily by differences in the spectral response of the two systems. This was reflected in the substantial differences observed in the color-related features and the lesser differences seen in the textural features, while the morphometric features (outline and shape) were virtually unaffected. The differences were primarily expressed on a cell-to-cell basis; in sets of about 300 cells, which would be used in patient-to-patient comparisons, the feature values showed remarkable consistency between the two systems.

Color↗
PubMed1983

Marker features for malignancy in ectocervical cells. Statistical evaluation.

Marker features for malignancy have recently been observed in ectocervical cells, even in cells that are visually normal in appearance. This study assessed the statistical significance of these marker features using a mixed-model nested-design analysis of variance (ANOVA). Features in blue intermediate cells from patients with normal cytology, moderate dysplasia, and severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ, nonkeratinizing cells from patients with moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ, and invasive cancer, and dysplastic cells from areas of metaplasia from patients with moderate dysplasia, severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ, and invasive cancer were tested. ANOVA clearly demonstrated that the marker features differentiate between cells of the same cell type originating from patients in different diagnostic categories. In every instance, the differences owing to the diagnostic category were statistically significantly greater than those caused by patient-to-patient variability. Although the discriminating marker features in the intermediate cells were almost exclusively spectral features reflecting staining differences, morphometric features were also marker features in the dysplastic cells.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1983

A quality-control procedure on cervical lesions for the comparison of cytology and histology.

A new method for the quality control of cytologic and histologic diagnoses of cervical lesions is based on the automated high-resolution scanning, image processing and computer analysis of cytometric data by the TICAS system. It determines and then compares optical-density-based ploidy patterns of cells in cytologic smears and the corresponding histologic sections, with the results available both as computer-graphic displays and printouts. Examples of the former appear for an "agreement case," in which the cytologic and histologic patterns corresponded, and a noncorrespondence (nonrepresentative) case, in which the tissue sample had been nonrepresentative of the lesion sampled by cytology. Computergraphic examples concern one case of condyloma and one of tissue repair, in both of which both the cytologic and histologic diagnoses had been overcalled. A further example shows the method's use in monitoring response to therapy. The DNA ploidy patterns on which this method is based can give diagnostic and prognostic clues when morphology alone may be equivocal or insufficient. The utility of ploidy pattern determinations of material from other body sites is also well established. With the use of microprocessors, the system described could be made inexpensive and operationally simple for the routine quality control of many cytopathologic studies as well as for the clinical follow-up of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The rejection of noncellular artifacts in Papanicolaou-stained slide specimens by an automated high-resolution system. Identification of important cytometric features.

The important cytodiagnostic features that permit discrimination of typical cell types by high-resolution image analysis and pattern recognition techniques have been previously studied in detail. An automated system for the diagnosis of Papanicolaou-stained specimens must also deal, however, with the "real world" of extraneous noncellular artifacts and debris found on every slide. Features that are ideal for the separation of typical normal and abnormal cells may not be adequate by themselves to reject these objects. A new set of discriminatory features must be found. In order to identify those features, a large set of images acquired using the TICAS high-resolution television rapid-scanning system was analyzed and studied. These images, from a variety of slide types, included normal cells, abnormal cells and noncellular artifacts identified by low-resolution preprocessing logic as suspicious enough to warrant high-resolution study. The results indicate that the more important features for such discrimination are not those traditionally important in distinguishing abnormal from normal cells but include color relations, shape measures, boundary properties and texture features.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1982

Accuracy of three sampling technics for the diagnosis of endometrial cancer and hyperplasias.

Intrauterine aspiration (Vakutage), endocervical aspiration cytology and vaginal, ectocervical and endocervical (VCE) smears were used as outpatient procedures for diagnosis of endometrial cancer and hyperplasias in 840 patients. The results of the three technics were correlated with D&C or hysterectomy specimens. Ninety-three percent of the malignant lesions (82 adenocarcinomas, 5 mixed mesodermal tumors, 5 mixed adenosquamous carcinomas and 5 metastatic adenocarcinomas) were diagnosed by the Vakutage sample but only 67% by the VCE smears and 68% by endocervical aspiration cytology. The diagnostic accuracy of Vakutage in 50 cases of cystic hyperplasia was 88% (as compared to 14% for VCE smears and endocervical aspiration cytology) and 89% in 90 cases of adenomatous hyperplasias (as compared to 20% for the other two technics). Endometrial polyps were diagnosed exclusively from the Vakutage tissue sample in 83% of the 42 cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Dysplasia during pregnancy: a cytologic follow-up study.

To clarify the characteristics of dysplasia in the pregnant state, 525 of 703 dysplasias in pregnant women recorded in the laboratory computer at the University of Chicago Lying-in Hospital during a ten-year period were selected for study through medical records. These materials were basically diagnosed by cytologic techniques. The regression rates of moderate and marked dysplasia within a six-month period after delivery seemed to be much higher than those of dysplasia in the general population. The progression rates of dysplasia to carcinoma in situ during pregnancy and after delivery were almost the same as those of dysplasia in the nonpregnant state, whereas the progression rate of dysplasia to invasive carcinoma after delivery (0.4%) was almost half that in the nonpregnant state (1%). With reference to the latent period during which dysplasia progressed to malignancy, dysplastic lesions during pregnancy, as compared to those in nongravid women, had a higher potential for progression. The number of dysplastic cells decreased with the course of pregnancy. The rates of metaplastic and keratinizing types of dysplasia were remarkably higher than those in the general population, and the rates of those types of dysplasias increased with the course of pregnancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Computer recognition of ectocervical cells: image features.

Machine recognition of ectocervical cells has been achieved with good classification success by a number of research groups. Even though a substantial number of cell image features have been introduced, only a moderate number are required for classification. For them, definitions and measures of their discriminatory potential are presented.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1980

Cytomorphometric markers for uterine cancer in intermediate cells.

Precise microphotometric assessment of intermediate cells from patients with normal cervical cytology and from patients with dysplasia or carcinoma in situ shows the existence of small but consistent differences. Marker features for the presence of premalignant and malignant disease can be extracted from the cell images of "normal"-appearing intermediate cells. The marker features and their diagnostic classification potential are described.

Automation↗