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Biomedical subjects

M Bianchi

Publications and source records attributed to M Bianchi.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effects of tricresylphosphate on esterase activity of rat serum and tissues.

The effect of tricresylphosphate (TCP) was studied in vitro and in vivo on the rat liver and brain enzymes acetylcholinesterase (ACC), butyrylcholinesterase (CHE), arylesterase (ARE), aliesterase (ALI), and the microsomal nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH2-oxidase) system. The results show that, in the male rat, TCP given intraperitoneally induces an increase in liver microsomal ARE AND NADPH2-oxidase and a decrease in ALI and cholinesterase; no activation of ARE and NADPH2-oxidase is observed in female rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Development of bacterial populations of telluric, enteric, and marine origin in planktonic systems exposed to urban pollution; mathematical data analysis].

A study of the comparative distribution of different types of bacterial populations in the sea area where the city of Marseille rejects its waste water shows that, when in contact with the marine environment, a great part of the allochthonic bacterial population undergoes physiological stress expressed by an abrupt reduction of the effectives and by weak values of the energetic charge. The presence of coliforms and streptococci in waste water lens, at important distances from discharging conduits, shows the possibility of a large diffusion for a fraction of the bacterial populations that withstand the initial stress. From mathematical analyses, an inverse correlation is revealed between detergents and the bacterial population as a whole, and between phenols and various allochthonic bacterial populations. The above results were evidenced through a sampling strategy based upon a 24-h-cycle study and a search for mathematical correlations between several biological, chemical, and physical parameters.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1978

Effects of negative pions and neutrons on the growth of Vicia faba bean roots.

Vicia faba bean roots have been irratiated with neutrons of various energies and with negative pi-mesons, and the effect on the ten-day growth of the roots has been determened. The neutron irratiations were made in beams of 400 and 600 MeV maximum energy, as well as with neutrons from a plutonium-beryllium source (mean energy 4.4 MeV) and from a 14 MeV neutron generator. The bean roots have also been irradiated at various points along the depth-dose curve of negative pi-mesons, including the gegion where the pions annihilate on coming to rest. The results show a maximum relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of 3.7 for 50% reduction in ten days growth for stopped negative pions and values up to 3.3 for high-energy neutrons, compared to 5.5 for 14 MeV neutrons. The biological effectiveness of high-energy neutrons and stopped pions shows a more pronounced dependence on dose than does the effect with lower-energy neutrons.

Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation↗
PubMed1978

Disappearance of oxytocin-induced uterine tiredness by treatment with fructose-1,6-diphosphate. Experimental evidence.

Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) is able to abolish oxytocin induced spastic inertia in rat uterus. The clinical use of FDP is suggested by observation carried out on 30 deliveries with oxytocin induction. The FDP-treated patients (5 g of FDP in 50 ml of water by intravenous infusion) showed a statistically significant decrease of time elapsed between the beginning of uterine inertia and the recovery of uterine contractions (176 +/- 25.4 min) compared to controls (562 +/- 32.5 min).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Properties of two derivatives of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) capable of abolishing Cardiazol- and bicuculline-induced convulsions in the rat.

The gamma-NH2 function of GABA was blocked with either benzoyl group (BG1) or a pivaloyl (timethylacetyl) group (PG2). The two derivatives of GABA obtained by the synthetic procedure were chemically pure and fully characterized. Both 14C-BG1 and 14C-PG2, unlike 14-C-GABA, are able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier in rats after subcutaneous injection. BG1 reached its highest concentration in brain 5 min after injection and PG2 after 30 min. This difference appears to be related to the different hydrophobic character of the two compounds, measured after experiments of partition in a water ethylacetate system, and to the different rate of diffusion following subcutaneous administration. BG1 abolished pentetrazole- and bicuculine-induced convulsions in rat when injected 5 min before the administration of the convulsants and PG2 had similar effects when injected 30 min before convulsants. BG1 and PG2 had a slight inhibitory effect on GAD and both BG1 and PG2 acted as substrates for the action of proteolytic enzymes that convert the two compounds back to GABA. Toxicity of both BG1 and PG2 was practically undetectable in rat following administration of the compounds up to 1 g/kg. Glutamate oxidation by rat brain mitochondria was not affected by either BG1 or PG2.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Blind ureteric buds.

Four cases of blind ureteric bud are presented. This unusual abnormality is the result of abortive development of a normal bud or, more frequently, of an accessory bud brought into being by abnormal or premature division of the primary bud. - The disputed relationship between this abnormality and congenital ureteral and vescical diverticula is discussed. It is felt that the embryogenetic and anatomopathological evidence justifies the inclusion of some of the latter within the more extensive term "blind ureteric bud".

Child↗
PubMed1977

Clinical importance of lipase determination by the turbidimetric procedure as compared with determination by a chromatrographic procedure.

The turbidimetric determination of serum lipase activity was compared with the chromatographic determination in three groups of patients, including patients affected by hepatic diseases, patients affected by pancreatic diseases and a control group. The two methods were also compared in the determination of lipase activity of human leucocytes in vitro. The results show that there is a good statistical correlation of lipase turbidimetrically determined at pH 9.15 and amylase in serum of normal individuals and in serum of patients with pancreatic diseases. There is no correlation between amylase and chromatographically determined lipase. The other types of lipase activity determined, i.e. turbidimetrically assayed at pH 5.5 and chromatographically assayed both at pH 5.5 and at pH 9.15, might be related to a different non-pancreatic enzymatic activity which is likely to lack diagnostic value. This suggests that methods of lipase determination based, for instance, on fatty acid liberation are of limited value in clinical studies on lipase.

Adult↗