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Biomedical subjects

M Bernasconi

Publications and source records attributed to M Bernasconi.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Respiratory resistance and intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) in patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Fourteen consecutive ARDS patients were examined within 24 h from the onset of mechanical ventilation to determine respiratory resistance (Rrs) and compliance (Cstrs), and to assess the influence of "intrinsic" positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEPi) on the measurement of Cstrs. Flow, pressure, and changes in lung volume were measured with the transducers of the Servo 900C Siemens ventilator. Airway occlusion was performed with the end-inspiratory and end-expiratory buttons of the ventilator. We found PEEPi (3.0 +/- 2.6 cm H2O) in ten of the fourteen patients. Without the correction for PEEPi, Cstrs was underestimated by 13.9 +/- 10% on average in the group as a whole (fourteen patients), and by 19.5 +/- 5.9% in the ten ARDS patients with PEEPi. Maximum and minimum respiratory resistance (Rrsmax and Rrsmin), and frequency-dependence of Rrs were also measured. On average, there was a marked frequency-dependence of resistance, as manifested by the difference between Rrsmax and Rrsmin, with an increase of both Rrsmin (7.7 +/- 4.2 cm H2O.l-1.s) and Rrsmax (14.3 +/- 5.0 cm H2O.l-1.s). The added resistance of the endotracheal tubes and ventilator tubings was flow dependent, and averaged 13.2 +/- 2.9 cm H2O.l-1.s.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Auriculo-ventricular block upon swallowing].

A case of recurrent syncopal attacks in a 70-year-old woman with oesophageal hiatus hernia is reported. Dynamic ECG recording showed paroxysmal II and III degree A-V block during solid food swallowing. Electrophysiologic examination was normal in the basal condition and showed a II degree A-V nodal block with 2: 1 conduction ratio during solid food swallowing. This phenomenon was not reproducible after atropine administration. A permanent cardiac pacemaker (VVIP) rendered the patient completely symptomfree. The likely pathogenetic mechanism of "swallowing A-V block" is described.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative evaluation of mexiletine and propafenone by dynamic electrocardiography].

We have compared the efficacy of Propafenon and Mexiletine in 12 subjects (7 males and 5 females, age range of 22-61 year) affected by chronic ventricular extrasystolic beats. Propafenon and Mexiletine were orally administered in doses of 900 mg/day and 600 mg/day respectively in a single blind, cross-over fashion. Our results show that: Propafenon is better tolerated; Propafenon has caused a statistically significant reduction of the total number of ventricular ectopic beats/24 hours; the efficacy of Propafenon has been greater than that of Mexiletine (66% and 25% respectively); with both drugs, in 2 cases, there was an increase of the total number of ventricular ectopic beats/24 hours; Propafenon has induced clear-cut electrocardiogram changes (statistically significant lengthening of P-Q and Q-T intervals).

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Dyssynergia of the left ventricle in idiopathic prolapse of the mitral valve. Kinetocardiographic study of 50 cases].

Fifty patients with idiopathic mitral valve prolapse (MVP), diagnosed by M-mode ecocardiography and free of other cardiovascular disease, were studied by kinetocardiography (KCG), to detect the presence of left ventricular dyssynergy. Kinetocardiography showed paradoxical outward movements (POM) in 27 patients: these movements were pansystolic in 13 patients. The results were normal in 20 patients, unclear in 3 patients. POM were more frequently found in positions K4, K3 and K5. A comparison among results obtained with KCG and the other noninvasive techniques we used (ECG, ecocardiography and phonocardiography) showed that ectopic beats were more frequently associated with POM, which also were more frequent in patients with prolapse of both mitral leaflets and with pansistolic prolapse. Finally POM were recorded in patients with atypical or silent MVP. We conclude that KCG is an useful noninvasive technique to discover left ventricular dyssynergy in patients with MVP.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of reinfection on the development of rats infected with Trypanosoma cruzi].

The present study was undertaken in order to demonstrate that reinfection could modify parasitemia, serum antibodies, electrocardiographic patterns and/or myocardial lesions already observed in a rat model. Experimental groups IG: rats infected at weaning with 1 x 10(6) T. cruzi; RG: same as IG plus reinoculations each 30 days until completion on day 150; IG1: 51 day old infected rats; C: controls. A high parasitemia was detected in IG and RG until day 20 showing a tendency to become negative on day 30. No parasites were observed in RG after the first reinoculation which could not be attributed to the old age of the host since there was no parasitemia in IG1. Xenodiagnosis were negative in all three groups. Serum antibodies were not significantly modified in RG in comparison with IG, except for 7S antibodies, since RG showed higher titres in some days under study. No distinct patterns of basal ECG were observed in infected rats. The ajmaline test reduced the heart rate (HR) showing no treatment dependence. The PR, QaT and QRS were significantly lengthened in all groups regarding the basal one (p less than 0.05), except for the QaT in C. Besides, the PR and QaT alterations were greater in the infected rats (p less than 0.05). There was also present a wide variety of electric axis orientations, regarding the basal value, accompanied by morphological changes more evident in the RG. The incidence of cardiac lesions histologically detected in the infected group was significantly higher than in C (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ajmaline↗