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Biomedical subjects

M Berman

Publications and source records attributed to M Berman.

180 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Conversational SAAM--an interactive program for kinetic analysis of biological systems.

CONSAM is a conventional version of the kinetic modelling program SAAM. Adjoined to the model processing capability of SAAM, CONSAM additionally affords the user creation, inspection, and alteration capabilities in model manipulation, assessment, and development. To achieve this flexibility CONSAM incorporates a text editor, a solution-saving facility, a model image-saving facility and a graphics package. Command syntax and command logic checking together with command argument defaulting help make CONSAM easy to use. The use of CONSAM in modelling a non-linear drug response to a moderately complicated dosing strategy is presented.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Morphine and human aggression.

Twenty-eight male undergraduates received either 45 mg of immediate-release oral morphine tablets or a placebo. Subjects were then given the opportunity to administer electric shocks to an increasingly aggressive bogus opponent during a competitive reaction-time task. Subjects in the morphine condition were more willing to initiate attacks against their opponent than subjects in the placebo condition, and reacted more aggressively at all levels of provocation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abnormal adrenal gland metabolism in opioid addicts: implications for clinical treatment.

Adrenal gland metabolism is markedly altered in heroin addicts. During daytime hours, the addict may suffer corticoid deficiency of the addisonian type, and in the evening, an excess of the cushingoid type. The high plasma levels of cortisol that are found in the evening in addicts antagonize endogenous opioids in a manner similar to naloxone. In the present study, 72% of the heroin addicts who sought treatment demonstrated reduced adrenal cortisol reserve. Effective immune and stress responses are dependent on adrenal cortisol reserve. This finding provides an explanation for the heroin addict's vulnerability to AIDS and other infectious diseases. One of methadone's greatest attributes is that it helps normalize adrenal metabolism. Clinical methods to at least partially correct adrenal metabolism may enhance current opioid addiction treatment modalities.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Insulin kinetics, models, and delivery schedules.

Several insulin models are examined as to their responses to various insulin inputs and glucose utilization and production control. It is shown that the action of insulin on glucose utilization correlates best with model compartments having a 30--50-min delay compared with plasma, whereas glucose production control is rapid. It is further shown that whereas the predicted plasma insulin response curves are nearly the same for various models, the responses at possible sites of action (e.g., receptors or slowly exchanging tissues) can differ considerably for the different models. By determining the parameter values for the glucose-insulin system in a patient through isotope kinetics studies, it is possible to use the patient's model either as a direct algorithm for insulin delivery or as a tool for studying glucose control under various conditions and thus aid in the design of appropriate algorithms or schedules for insulin delivery.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Heat shock protects kidneys against warm ischemic injury.

The present work confirms previous observations made by others that heat shock is followed by a period of protection against tissue injury. Furthermore, this protection against associated with HSP 72 production. We have identified some detrimental effects of heat shock as a technique for induction of the HSR. Clearly there exists in living tissues a highly conserved, latent cellular mechanism that can be rapidly activated by stress, which can provide useful protection against additional stressful conditions. The ability to control the expression of this response should enable one to protect cells, tissues, and organisms against situations in which tissue injury is anticipated.

Animals↗