[Cerestore, Dicor and Ceplatec--alternative materials and technics for porcelain crowns].
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Aluminum↗
Biomedical subjects
M Bergman
Publications and source records attributed to M Bergman.
Relationship between compressive strength and cervical shaping of the all-ceramic Cerestore crown.
The two types of cervical shaping recommended for the preparation of Cerestore crowns are shoulder or deep chamfer. 14 specimens shaped like stylized Cerestore crowns on a shoulder preparation and 14 on a deep chamfer preparation were produced. Thereafter each crown was placed on the epoxy resin die on which it had been produced. 7 epoxy dies from each of the two series were shortened 1 mm occlusally in order to elucidate the importance of the cervical shaping. Placed on its own epoxy die each of the 28 Cerestore crowns was then subjected to occlusal stress until fracture occurred. The force needed for fracture was three times greater for the crowns produced on a shoulder preparation than for those produced on a chamfer preparation. No significant differences was obtained when crowns with the same cervical shaping were tested on intact and shortened dies respectively.
Aluminum↗
Agar impression materials, dimensional stability and surface detail sharpness following treatment with disinfectant solutions.
The influence of seven dissimilar disinfectants on the dimensional stability and the surface detail sharpness of two agar impression materials was studied. Two methods for treatment with disinfectant solutions were tested--immersion for 1 hour and spraying. In contrast to immersion the spraying method had no obvious influence on the agar material. It is concluded that if the disinfection method necessitates immersion of the impression in a solution for 1 hour or more the use of agar impression materials should be avoided.
Agar↗
Newer antibiotics: their place in geriatric care. Part II.
The pharmaceutical industry has addressed the problem of combating infections caused by gram-negative aerobic bacilli with the development of newer penicillins and a novel class of antibiotics known as the carbapenems. These compounds represent the culmination of years of research designed to overcome bacterial resistance mediated by inactivating enzymes, called beta-lactamases. These latter enzymes, contained within the gram-negative aerobic bacilli, have the capacity to hydrolyze select penicillins to inactive derivatives. We outline the therapeutic indications and limitations of these newer antibiotics.
Aged↗
Interhemispheric suppression: a test of central auditory function.
Two groups of brain damaged adults, those with cerebrocranial injury (CCI) and victims of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) were tested with the competing sentences test of Willeford (In: Central Auditory Dysfunction. New York: Grune and Stratton, 1977: Chap 2). The main purpose was the exposure of functional disorders of communication in such patients who test within normal or near-normal limits on routine audiological testing and also on tests for aphasia. Of 142 serially admitted CCI patients, 43%, many with diffuse lesions, gave abnormal responses, mostly at the left ear, with 19 of them showing total extinction at that ear. On two sound field competing message tests the CCI patients were significantly poorer than normal controls. CVA patients with confirmed right hemisphere lesions tended strongly toward left ear suppression, while left hemisphere damaged patients often showed bilateral drop in scores. It is clear that brain damaged patients can have central dysfunction of auditory processing despite normal findings on routine audiological tests and tests for aphasia. The implications for activities of daily living and for habilitation are discussed.
Adult↗
High-density lipoprotein subclasses in diabetes.
This cross-sectional study evaluated high-density lipoprotein subclasses measured by a precipitation technique before and after treatment in men and women with types I and II diabetes. Total high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was lower in subjects of both sexes with untreated type I and type II diabetes, the change occurring primarily in subclass 2. Insulin therapy raised total and subclass 2 high-density lipoprotein levels in men and women with type I and type II diabetes, the predominant rise occurring in subclass 2. The improvement was unrelated to metabolic control. Normalization of total and subclass 2 high-density lipoprotein was not achieved in women with type II disease who had higher body weights and triglyceride levels. Treatment with oral hypoglycemic agents did not lower total high-density lipoprotein or subclass 2 levels. It is concluded that therapies affecting high-density lipoprotein produce the preponderant change in subclass 2, insulin therapy increases total and subclass 2 high-density lipoprotein but may not restore levels to normal in the presence of elevated body weight and lipid levels, there is no relation between control of diabetes and changes in total and subclass 2 high-density lipoprotein levels, and treatment with oral hypoglycemic agents does not adversely affect high-density lipoprotein levels.
Cholesterol↗
Cerebral carbon dioxide reactivity during nonpulsatile cardiopulmonary bypass.
Five patients undergoing extensive cerebral monitoring during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) procedures were subjected to studies on cerebral CO2 reactivity during nonpulsatile CPB. The cerebral monitoring included recording of arterial blood pressure (BP), central venous pressure (CVP), epidural intracranial pressure (EDP), cerebral electrical activity by a cerebral function monitor (CFM), and middle cerebral artery (MCA) flow velocity by transcranial Doppler technique. The cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) was thus continuously recorded (CPP = BP - EDP). During steady-state CPB with constant hematocrit, temperature, and arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2), MCA flow velocity varied with changing CPP in a pressure-passive manner, indicating that the cerebral autoregulation was not operative. During moderately hypothermic (28 to 32 degrees C), nonpulsatile CPB, with steady-state hematocrit, temperature, and pump flow, we deliberately and rapidly changed PaCO2 for periods of 1 or 2 minutes by increasing gas flow to the membrane oxygenator, thereby testing the cerebral CO2 reactivity. Nineteen CO2 reactivity tests, performed at CPP levels ranging from 17 to 75 mm Hg, disclosed that the cerebral CO2 reactivity decreased with CPP, especially with CPP levels below 35 mm Hg. In these patients, concomitant changes in CPP during the CO2 reactivity test could be compensated for by adjusting the observed change in MCA flow velocity. The corrected CO2 reactivity values obtained in this way ranged from below 1.0 (observed at CPP levels below 20 mm Hg) to a 3.0 to 4.5% X mm Hg-1 change in PaCO2 (observed at CPP levels above 35 mm Hg).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Blood Flow Velocity↗
Clinical registration of charge transfer between dental metallic materials in patients with disorders and/or discomfort allegedly caused by corrosion.
Thirty referred patients and 15 control subjects were investigated with reference to the occurrence of bimetallic corrosion in the oral cavity. No differences between patients and controls could be found regarding the registered charge transfer between dissimilar short-circuited dental metallic restorations and/or appliances. However, a relatively large number of periodontal and mucous membrane affections, carious lesions and stomatognathic and/or temporomandibular joint disturbances were found within the patient group.
Adult↗
Metallographic characterization of four alternative alloys intended for fixed prostheses.
Four dental casting alloys intended as alternatives for type III gold alloys were studied with regard to their metallographic appearance. The structures of two low-gold and two silver-palladium alloys were evaluated in the as-cast and hardened conditions and in the condition achieved after annealing for 1 h at 100 degrees C below the solidus temperature. The microstructure was studied by light optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis. In addition, the hardness and the grain size of the alloys were determined. The presence of concentration gradients and dissimilar phases is discussed. It was concluded that to obtain the optimum properties of these alloys, strict and detailed instructions about the various heat treatments are needed.
Chemical Phenomena↗
Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) reduces counter-regulatory hormone concentrations in a patient receiving enteral hyperalimentation.
A 61-year-old male, while recovering from a Whipple's procedure for pancreatic carcinoma, was treated for 13 days with an insulin infusion pump for diabetes exacerbated by enteral hyperalimentation. Treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion resulted in improved blood glucose control. Associated with this improvement was a reduction in plasma cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid levels. Plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucagon and cortisol concentrations were also lowered although growth hormone levels remained unchanged. It is concluded that enhanced metabolic control during hyperalimentation results in a decrease in counter-regulatory hormone levels and an improvement in the catabolic state in this patient. These preliminary observations provide evidence for maintaining euglycemia in diabetic patients while receiving nutritional support.
Blood Glucose↗
Corrosion in the oral cavity--potential local and systemic effects.
The main current-generating corrosion cells in the oral cavity are the bimetallic cell and the concentration cell, the latter mainly occurring due to differences in access to oxygen in the various parts of the metallic material. Corrosion resistance is not an intrinsic property of a metal or an alloy for it depends on an interaction with the environment. Thus, the contents of the oral cavity, have a decisive influence. This implies that corrosion tests in vitro are of limited value in predicting the clinical corrosion behaviour of a metallic material. Results from a series of clinical studies concerning a possible relationship between galvanic currents and certain oral and other symptoms in a group of patients who had been referred to the Faculty of Odontology, University of Umeå, are briefly presented. The possibility of local and systemic effects of intra-oral galvanic cells is discussed.
Corrosion↗
The incidence of gestational hypoglycemia in insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetic women.
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Adolescent↗
The effect of glipizide on HDL and HDL subclasses.
The effects of glipizide on HDL subclass levels were prospectively evaluated in 7 women and 2 men with non-insulin dependent (Type 2) diabetes. Total HDL, HDL2 and HDL3 levels were unchanged during the treatment period. Baseline HDL levels were lower when compared to a control population which may have been due to the elevated body weight present in most subjects. Mean blood glucose and HbA1 levels were unchanged for the entire group although significant improvement was noted in 5 individuals. Triglyceride and cholesterol levels were not affected by treatment with glipizide. In conclusion, glipizide does not have an adverse affect on HDL lipoprotein levels when patients are followed prospectively.
Adult↗
DNA replication and H5 histone exchange during reactivation of chick erythrocyte nuclei in heterokaryons.
Fusion of terminally differentiated chick erythrocytes (CE) with replicating quail myoblasts or established L6J1 rat myoblasts results in reactivation of DNA synthesis in the dormant CE nuclei and in suppression of DNA synthesis in the myoblast nuclei. The nuclei of primary quail myoblasts are more effectively inhibited than the nuclei of established rat myoblasts. Inhibition of DNA replication occurs not only by preventing G1 nuclei from entering S-phase but also by blocking nuclei in S-phase and by delaying nuclei in G2 from undergoing mitosis and starting a new DNA replication cycle. No inhibition of DNA synthesis could be observed when mouse erythrocytes, i.e., erythrocytes lacking nuclei, were fused with rat myoblasts to generate mouse-globin-containing L6J1 cybrids.--Reactivation of CE nuclei is associated with a loss of the tissue-specific H5 histone variant. Complete elimination of H5 histone, however, does not seem to be a necessary prerequisite for the initiation or completion of DNA replication in CE nuclei since H5 antigens are found on reactivated G1, S, and G2 nuclei.
Animals↗
Mass vaccination programme aimed at eradicating measles, mumps and rubella in Sweden: vaccination of schoolchildren.
In 1982-83, a unique, two-dose programme of immunization with a combined vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella was initiated in Sweden. The first dose was administered at 18 months and the second at 12 years of age. A vaccination study was carried out on 247 12 year old schoolchildren from four schools situated in two urban and two rural areas. In urban areas, 30% of children were found to be susceptible to rubella and 18% to mumps, compared with 55% susceptible to rubella and 31% to mumps in rural areas. The reverse was found for measles, to which 20% of children lacked immunity in urban areas but only 6% in rural areas. Seroconversion was seen in 82% against measles, in 80% against mumps and in 100% against rubella. Follow-up studies of the timing and the virus dosage are also to be carried out.
Antibodies, Viral↗
Reagent strip performance as evaluated by a meter.
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Blood Glucose↗
Prosthetic material properties.
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Animals↗
The transition stages between the main aphasic syndromes.
One of the basic features of most aphasic patients is their clinical dynamics, i.e. the continuous change in language function. The functional Dynamic Approach on which our rehabilitation program is based, can be expressed as a model of dynamic movement in which a patient's progress from one syndrome to another can be documented quantitatively. In this study we have concentrated on the initial emergence of patients out of the major syndrome categories. Our language test "I.L.A.T." provides for the evaluation of changes in the four language functions. Relative changes are charted by establishing a theoretical maximum performance to be expected in an aphasic population and noting improvements from the initial condition towards that point. Quantification of the proposed transitional stages are currently being developed to document our clinical insights.
Anomia↗