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Biomedical subjects

M Berger

Publications and source records attributed to M Berger.

At least 1,099 records · Page 61Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Experimental and clinical evaluation of stomatological cleaning agents with special reference to the Eladent prosthesis cleaner].

The experimental and clinical testing of certain denture cleaners, viz., Eladent, Kukident and Steradent, yielded identical good results. As far as possible, Eladent should be dissolved in warm water (35-40 degrees C). In this case, the tablets will dissolve within 15-20 minutes. For immediate cleaning, the tablets may be dissolved within 1 or 2 minutes by raising the water temperature at 50 degrees C. No striking immediate effect can be expected from this cleaner in case of stained dentures which have been worn for many years. The cleaner improves little by little the hygienic condition of the denture. It is recommended to apply the cleaning tablets immediately after insertion of the prosthesis at regular intervals. In this way, soft deposits and plaques will no longer adhere and cause the formation of hard deposits.

Acids↗
PubMed1975

Growth retardation in children with ulcerative colitis: the effect of medical and surgical therapy.

The growth of 37 children with ulcerative colitis have been analyzed. While conventional growth charts showed only percentile changes in height, height data plotted on Tanner et al.'s growth charts showed increases and decreases in growth velocity. Growth retardation is a prominent complication of ulcerative colitis with onset on bowel symptoms. Both ulcerative colitis and "high-dose" steroid therapy (greater than 12 mg/sq m/day of cortisol) can hinder growth but in some instances there is a growth spurt after high-dose steroid therapy. "Low-dose" steroid therapy does not retard growth. Colectomy is more effective than high-dose steroid therapy in reversing the growth retardation caused by ulcerative colitis and is of greatest value if not delayed too long. Growth following subtotal colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis (Aylett procedure) is not likely to be as much as that after subtotal colectomy with ileostomy. Growth retardation is infrequently the only indication for surgical intervention but ileostomy and colectomy are appropriate for this complication of ulcertive colitis in itself when not improved by adequate medical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Critical evaluation and rational use of nuclear medical techniques in the diagnosis of thyroid function (author's transl)].

The diagnosis of thyroid function has been decisively improved by the in-vitro tests and the radioimmunologic assays of total tri-iodothyronine- and TSH levels before and after stimulation with TRH. The high specificity and value of in-vitro tests lies in the quantitative measurement of peripheral hormoneconcentrations. The radio-iodine test, however, is only a qualitative technique giving information on movements of intrathyreoid radio iodine. The in-vitro tests are not falsified by iodine contamination. Extrathyreoidal protein-changes can be excluded with the ETR test. The radio-iodine test will now have to be done only in rare special cases. As a rule thyroid metabolism can be assessed safely by combining clinical examination with an in-vitro testblock adapted to the individual diagnostic problem with additional technetium scintigraphy.

Humans↗
PubMed1974

Beta cell protection to alloxan necrosis by anomers of D-glucose.

Various concentrations of either the alpha or beta anomers of D-glucose were injected into fasted rats prior to a diabetogenic dose of alloxan. Plasma concentrations of glucose were measured 24 hours later. There was a significantly greater protection of the pancreatic beta cells by the alpha anomer of D-glucose as compared to the beta anomer, which was evidenced by concentrations of glucose in the plasma, and morphology of beta cells.

Alloxan↗
PubMed1974

Regulation of glucose and ketone-body metabolism in brain of anaesthetized rats.

1. The effects of starvation and diabetes on brain fuel metabolism were examined by measuring arteriovenous differences for glucose, lactate, acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate across the brains of anaesthetized fed, starved and diabetic rats. 2. In fed animals glucose represented the sole oxidative fuel of the brain. 3. After 48h of starvation, ketone-body concentrations were about 2mm and ketone-body uptake accounted for 25% of the calculated O(2) consumption: the arteriovenous difference for glucose was not diminished, but lactate release was increased, suggesting inhibition of pyruvate oxidation. 4. In severe diabetic ketosis, induced by either streptozotocin or phlorrhizin (total blood ketone bodies >7mm), the uptake of ketone bodies was further increased and accounted for 45% of the brain's oxidative metabolism, and the arteriovenous difference for glucose was decreased by one-third. The arteriovenous difference for lactate was increased significantly in the phlorrhizin-treated rats. 5. Infusion of 3-hydroxybutyrate into starved rats caused marked increases in the arteriovenous differences for lactate and both ketone bodies. 6. To study the mechanisms of these changes, steady-state concentrations of intermediates and co-factors of the glycolytic pathway were determined in freeze-blown brain. 7. Starved rats had increased concentrations of acetyl-CoA. 8. Rats with diabetic ketosis had increased concentrations of fructose 6-phosphate and decreased concentrations of fructose 1,6-diphosphate, indicating an inhibition of phosphofructokinase. 9. The concentrations of acetyl-CoA, glycogen and citrate, a potent inhibitor of phosphofructokinase, were increased in the streptozotocin-treated rats. 10. The data suggest that cerebral glucose uptake is decreased in diabetic ketoacidosis owing to inhibition of phosphofructokinase as a result of the increase in brain citrate. 11. The inhibition of brain pyruvate oxidation in starvation and diabetes can be related to the accelerated rate of ketone-body metabolism; however, we found no correlation between the decrease in glucose uptake in the diabetic state and the arteriovenous difference for ketone bodies. 12. The data also suggest that the rates of acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate utilization by brain are governed by their concentrations in plasma. 13. The finding of very low concentrations of acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate in brain compared with plasma suggests that diffusion across the blood-brain barrier may be the rate-limiting step in their metabolism.

Acetoacetates↗