Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Berger

Publications and source records attributed to M Berger.

At least 1,045 records · Page 58Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Immunochemistry of the subunits of transcarboxylase.

Antisera reactive with the subunits of transcarboxylase were produced by injecting rabbits with the 12 SH and 5 SE subunits prepared from trypsin-treated enzyme and with the 12 SH subunit prepared from native transcarboxylase by avidin-Sepharose chromatography. Biotinyl peptides (46 and 65 amino acid residues), released from the enzyme by brief trypsin treatment, formed complexes with avidin and this noncovalent conjugate was used as an antigen to prepare antibodies reactive with the 1.3 SE biotin carboxyl carrier protein. All of these antisera were capable of inhibiting and precipitating intact transcarboxylase. In competitive binding experiments utilizing enzyme inhibition to detect antibody binding, it was found that only the 5 SE subunit was capable of preventing the anti-5 SE sera from inhibiting the enzyme. This technique is useful as a rapid, specific assay for the 5 SE subunit. Both the 5 SE and 12 SH subunits were capable of preventing the anti-12 SH sera from inhibiting the enzyme. To further study this apparent cross-reactivity, the antisera were tested for their capacity to inhibit the partial reactions of transcarboxylase as catalyzed by the isolated subunits. These studies revealed that the anit-12 SH serum inhibits the partial reaction catalyzed by the 12 SH subunit, but preincubation with the 5 SE subunit does not relieve this inhibition, confirming that specific antibody against the 12 SH subunit was formed. These studies also showed that the anti-12 SH serum could inhibit the 5 SE partial reaction, apparently demonstrating cross-reactivity with the 5 SE subunits of the intact enzyme. A panel of immunologic methods was used to characterize the cross-reactivity and quantitate any cross-contamination of the subunit preparations. Passive hemagglutination-hemagglutination inhibition, double immunodiffusion in gels, and competitive precipitation of radioactive antigen all demonstrated cross-reactivity between the isolated subunits and the antisera. Although the subunit preparations apparently are cross-contaminated to a minor extent, this seems insufficient to account for the quantitative aspects of the immunologic cross-reactivity of the subunits with the antisera. Structural homology between the subunits of transcarboxylase is considered to be responsible for the observed cross-reactivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Hand, foot and mouth disease].

Two characteristic cases encountered in young adults led the authors to present the hand foot and mouth syndrome. They report the characteristic distribution and vesicular appearance of the lesions. The course was benign. The viral origin of the disease was more or less easily confirmed by cell culture, inoculation in new born mice and demonstration of antibodies. Usually the virus was a Coxackie A 16. However in one of the authors cases, an Echo 11 was demonstrated. The apparent rareness of the disease may be explained by lack of recognition.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Muscular work in the therapy of diabetes mellitus].

A review is given on muscular exercise and its role in glucose homeostasis in normal and diabetic persons. Metabolic and hormonal consequences of short term and endurance exercise are described in detail. Based on clinical experience as well as on the basis of data published by the author dealing with animal experiments and clinical research studies the hypothesis of the "permissive role" of insulin with respect to the stimulatory effect of exercise on muscle glucose metabolism is put foreward and discussed. The metabolic effects of training in patients with diabetes mellitus are summarized. It is emphasized that in clinical research as well as in clinical routine muscular exercise as a means to treat metabolic disturbances has been widely neglected.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1976

Glucose metabolism in perfused skeletal muscle. Effects of starvation, diabetes, fatty acids, acetoacetate, insulin and exercise on glucose uptake and disposition.

1. The regulation of glucose uptake and disposition in skeletal muscle was studied in the isolated perfused rat hindquarter. 2. Insulin and exercise, induced by sciatic-nerve stimulation, enhanced glucose uptake about tenfold in fed and starved rats, but were without effect in rats with diabetic ketoacidosis. 3. At rest, the oxidation of lactate (0.44 mumol/min per 30 g muscle in fed rats) was decreased by 75% in both starved and diabetic rats, whereas the release of alanine and lactate (0.41 and 1.35 mumol/min per 30 g respectively in the fed state) was increased. Glycolysis, defined as the sum of lactate+alanine release and lactate oxidation, was not decreased in either starvation or diabetes. 4. In all groups, exercise tripled O2 consumption (from approximately 8 to approximately 25 mumol/min per 30 g of muscle) and increased the release and oxidation of lactate five- to ten-fold. The differences in lactate release between fed, starved and diabetic rats observed at rest were no longer apparent; however, lactate oxidation was still several times greater in the fed group. 5. Perfusion of the hindquarter of a fed rat with palmitate, octanoate or acetoacetate did not alter glucose uptake or lactate release in either resting or exercising muslce; however, lactate oxidation was significantly inhibited by acetoacetate, which also increased the intracellular concentration of acetyl-CoA. 6. The data suggest that neither that neither glycolysis nor the capacity for glucose transport are inhbitied in the perfused hindquarter during starvation or perfusion with fatty acids or ketone bodies. On the other hand, lactate oxidation is inhibited, suggesting diminished activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase. 7. Differences in the regulation of glucose metabolism in heart and skeletal muscle and the role of the glucose/fatty acid cycle in each tissue are discussed.

Acetoacetates↗
PubMed1976

[Serial studies of the long-term effects of a total-fasting regimen (author's transl)].

The long-term results of total fasting during hospitalisation were evaluated an average of 21 months after the end of the hospital stay in 42 patients treated for obesity between 1971 and 1975. Further weight reduction occurred in 14, while the remainder had regained some weight. Nine of the latter had, in fact, surpassed their prehospitalisation weight. Neither age not sex, social status, time interval since fasting had any influence on the long-term results of total fasting. It is concluded that, in view of the poor correlation between cost and long-term result of such total-fasting regimen, it should be undertaken in this form only exceptionally.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Experience in the treatment of islet adenomas (author's transl)].

The clinical picture of insulinomas is discussed with reference to the literature and 27 of our own cases. The neurological symptoms are usually more prominent, so that the diagnosis is delayed. The average delay between the onset of the disease and its recognition was 4 years. Whipple's triad is characteristic of insulinoma. Of the chemical laboratory investigations, the hunger and tolbutamide tests are the most reliable for the diagnosis. Because of the danger of brain damage, there is an absolute indication for operation. Conservative treatment is burdened with numerous side effects so that it is only considered as a temporary measure or for inoperable patients. In the overwhelming majority of cases, enucleation of the tumors from the pancreas is successful. The cure rate after successful operation is about 80%.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed1976

[Weight reduction and glucose intolerance in obese subjects (author's transl)].

In a study extending over five years 35 of 70 excessively overweight patients with subclinical diabetes mellitus who had not significantly changed their weight, demonstrated a further deterioration in glucose tolerance, and manifest diabetes occurred in ten. In the remaining 35 patients who had achieved 20% weight reduction from the initial level glucose tolerance had become normal. The two groups were similar as to age, initial weight, and original degree of glucose intolerance. There was a significant correlation between loss of weight and increased glucose tolerance. No such correlation occurred with subgroups of patients whose initial overweight was more than +100 relative percentage and who had been over 50 years old at the start of the study.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

The adjunct consumer group.

Little by little, the community is becoming aware of the Weber Mental Health Center and PAAG. A recent study shows that the community approach leads to high visibility; PAAG activities were known by 37% of 1,000 people recently interviewed. This compares to 5%, 7%, and 15% having knowledge of other more traditional medical centers in Utah. It is felt that this approach is an important part in putting the community mental health center in proper perspective in the community. It is felt that the adjunct consumer group provides almost infinite flexibility to meet human needs. As a result, the Northern Utah Unit of the State Hospital will remain closed, largely because PAAG is serving the community.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Alanine metabolism and gluconeogenesis in the rat.

The metabolism of alanine and several other gluconegoneic substrates was studied in anesthtized fed and fasted rats, i.e., rats with low and high rates of gluconeogenesis. Glutamine was released by the hindquarter (muscle) in both groups, whereas lactate, pyruvate, and alanine were taken up in fed rats and were released during starvation. Despite this, blood levels of alanine, lactate, and pyruvate were diminished in fasting rats, suggesting increased extraction by liver. Treatment of fasted rats for 24 h with phloridzin caused glycosuria and secondarily led to hypoglycemia and an intensification of the chargesobserved with fasting, i.e., hyperketonemia, hyperglucagonemia, and increased gluconeogenesis (assessed by urea N excretion). Blood alanine was decreased, even though the release of alanine from muscle was increased. Pretreatment with triamcinolone and administration of exogenous alanine both attenuated the hypoglycemia and ketosis, It is concluded that 1) in states of heightened gluconeogenesis, alanine release from muscle may not keep pace with extraction by liver and blood alanine decreases; 2) the release of alanine, lactate, and pyruvate from muscle parallel each other suggesting common control factors; and 3) in the red state muscle is an important site of lactate disposition.

Alanine↗