Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Bazot

Publications and source records attributed to M Bazot.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Myometrium diseases].

Leiomyoma and adenomyosis are the most frequent myometrial disorders, followed by cystic and vascular disorders. After an update on the anatomy, physiology and histology of the myometrium, the authors will describe the normal sonographic and MRI aspects of the uterus. The pathology of leiomyoma will be recalled, and the various forms of myoma encountered during Doppler US, hysterography, hysterosonography, MRI and computed tomography will be described. The therapeutic use of pelvic arteriography with arterial embolization will be discussed. Adenomyosis is the second most frequent essential myometrial disorder, and is often associated with leiomyoma. After giving a histopathologic definition, the authors will examine in some detail the diagnostic value and limitations of transabdominal, pelvic and endovaginal sonography and MRI. Intramyometrial cystic disorders (cystic adenomyosis, myoma with cystic degeneration and vestigial cysts) and vascular disorders (intramyometrial and parametrial vascular malformations) are rare, but a sound knowledge is required to optimize their management, which is based on surgery and interventional vascular techniques.

Female↗
PubMed2000

Computed tomographic diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma in HIV-infected patients.

PURPOSE: To describe the features of bronchogenic carcinoma (BC) on plain radiography and computed tomography (CT) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients; to evaluate percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) in this setting; and to assess outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical charts, radiographs and chest CT scans in 15 AIDS patients with histologically proven BC. All but one of the patients were young men (mean age 48 years) with a long history of smoking (mean 40 pack-years). Adenocarcinoma was the predominant cell type (46.6%). The stage of the malignancy did not correlate with the CD4 cell count (mean 189 per mm(3)). The diagnosis was obtained by means of PTNB (n=7), bronchoscopy (n=4), thoracotomy (n=2), pleural biopsy (n=1) or extrathoracic biopsy (n=1). RESULTS: Parenchymal masses and nodules were the most common features (66.6%) on chest radiographs and CT. BC was peripheral in 11 cases (73%) and was located in the upper lobe in ten cases (66.6%). Enlarged lymph nodes were present in 60% of patients and metastases in 30%. PTNB was diagnostic in seven of the eight patients who underwent the procedure; complications included two pneumothoraces and one secondary implantation of tumor cells along the needle tract. Three lobectomies and one pneumonectomy were performed for stage I disease. The mean survival time among the patients who underwent surgery was 14 months. These survivals are more encouraging than some of those previously reported in the literature, furthermore, patients die of competing illnesses. CONCLUSION: BC in HIV-infected patients is similar to that in the general population. Early diagnosis can be achieved by means of PTNB. Surgical resection, when feasible, significantly improves survival.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Non-palpable breast lesions: radio-pathologic correlations on open excisional biopsies. Significance of the choice of technique for minimal excisional biopsy].

OBJECTIVE: To decrease the number of open excisional breast biopsies, percutaneous breast biopsies have been developed to perform the histologic diagnosis of non-palpable breast lesions. Some techniques allow a complete removal of small radiologic lesions. To evaluate the accuracy of a pathologic analysis performed only on the radiologic findings, we studied the radiologic and histologic correlation on open excisional biopsy (OEB) specimens. The aim of our study was to determine how many carcinomas were found distant from the radiologic findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Non-palpable breast lesions have been excised after preoperative localization. The radiologic findings were classified in microcalcifications, masses, architectural distortion and in sonographic masses. The correlation between the radiologic and pathologic findings was studied and all the lesions incidentally discovered on histology with no correlation with the imaging findings or distant from the radiologic findings were described. One hundred and twenty-nine lesions have been evaluated in 99 patients. Radiologic findings included 79 clusters of microcalcifications, 30 masses, six architectural distortions and 14 sonographic lesions. RESULTS: The histopathological results were benign in 41.9%, malignant in 49.6% and atypical hyperplasia lesions were discovered in 8.5%. All benign lesions were correlated to radiologic findings. No malignant lesion was found at a distance. In three cases atypical hyperplasia lesions were coexistent with the radiologic findings correlated with benign lesions and in three cases they were found at a distance. All but two malignant lesions were correlated with radiologic findings. In two cases a microinvasive carcinoma and foci of labular carcinoma in situ were found coexistent with benign lesions. The subgroup of small lesions lesser than 10 mm included 31 benign lesions. A complete removal of these lesions should be obtained with percutaneous biopsies. CONCLUSION: A pathologic analysis targeted on radiologic findings is accurate. Numerous open excisional biopsies performed for benign pathology should be avoided.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2000

[Magnetic resonance angiography of the thorax in 2000].

Over the last five years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the scene of explosive developments in many fields. MRI exploration of thoracic vessels, perfusion imaging of the pulmonary parenchyma, cine-MR, and apnea sequences have all seen impressive advances. This improvement has been made possible by progress in data processing and surface coil technology for a better signal-noise ratio. In 2000, indications for thoracic MRI remain limited due to the small number of machines available and the fact that the CT scan can provide superior quality images for the pulmonary parenchyma and for visualizing calcifications. MRI can be a complementary exam for lung cancer work-up in case of suspected invasion of the thoracic cavity or the mediastinum. It is the first intention exam in cases involving the greater vessels, with the exception of emergency situations, the posterior mediastinum, and the heart. We review here the current contribution of MRI in diseases of the chest and discuss perspectives for the future.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

[Ovarian functional disorders].

Ovarian hormonal function is under hypothalamo-hypophysis control during the genital life of women. Local hormonal production induces follicular stimulation and maturation. Two main types of functional disorder can be observed: unilocular cyst, related to an ovulation mechanism, and polycystic ovaries. The former is a follicular cyst related to the absence of LH stimulation, or a luteal cyst, which may be anechoic or display a heterogeneous content (pseudo-septa, pseudo-solid but avascular mass). The latter includes the polycystic ovarian syndrome, which is characterized by an increased ovarian area ( 6cm(2)), stroma and follicles number, the multifollicular ovaries, which are related to functional hypothalamic anovulation and characterized by a normal ovarian size with increased follicles number, and macropolycystic ovaries which are observed in case of previous pelvic infection disease or surgery. Functional disorders may be observed during pregnancy: luteoma, luteal cyst and hyperreactio luteinalis. Finally, ovarian insufficiency may occur too early.

Female↗
PubMed1999

Correlation between computed tomography and gross anatomy of the suspensory ligament of the ovary.

To assess the morphology of the suspensory ligament of the ovary on CT scan examination, an anatomic study of the suspensory ligament of the ovary was performed to demonstrate its morphology on CT and to facilitate the visualization of the ovaries. Twelve female cadavers were studied after intravascular injection of latex (venous: 2, arterial: 6, arterio-venous: 4). We first observed all the pelvises after their transection. Six dissections were then made to obtain optimal anatomic correlations on the content and relations of the infundibulo-pelvic ligament. The arterial opacifications were poor compared with to the good quality of the venous or arteriovenous opacifications. An upright correlation between CT slices and the anatomic study was made. This radio-anatomic study emphazises the importance of the veins, which really support the suspensory ligament of the ovary, as opposed to the involution of the arteries. This study points out the link between the infundibulo-pelvic ligament above and the utero-ovarian below, then with the superficial uterine vv. All these structures were well analyzed on CT and during the anatomic studies. A very well developed periovarian venous plexus which frequently concealed the ovaries was demonstrated. Some anatomic variations which were invisible on the CT scan examinations were displayed. The visualization of the suspensory ligament of the ovary should facilitate the visualization of the ovaries and could optimize the search for lymphadenopathies originating from ovarian cancers.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Lymphoma of pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: CT scan findings and pathological correlations.

The aim of this study was to describe the lesions of pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma observed by means of computed tomography (CT) and to determine the value of CT in the management of this disease. Sixty six CT scans were performed in 13 consecutive cases of histologically proven pulmonary MALT lymphoma at the time of diagnosis (n=13) or periodically (n=53). They were reviewed separately with chest radiographs by consensus between two observers. Pulmonary abnormalities were described and compared to histopathological findings on surgical specimens from seven patients. At the time of diagnosis, elementary lesions observed by means of CT consisted of nodular areas of attenuation (12 of 13), linear areas of attenuation (eight of 13) and consolidations (six of 13). All these lesions were centred on airways that appeared dilated in seven cases and were more often bilateral and multiple on CT than on the chest radiographs. CT abnormalities correlated with gross pathological appearance and were related to a lymphomatous infiltration with a peribronchovascular distribution. Pathological examination also confirmed the presence of dilated airways within lymphomatous lesions and showed that the bronchial wall was respected. During follow-up, in patients on chemotherapy, response, relapse or progression were easily identified by means of plain radiography. In the initial evaluation, computed tomography contributed to the choice of therapeutic strategy, avoiding unnecessary surgical resection in one-third of patients. By contrast, it is unclear whether computed tomography is useful for post-treatment follow-up of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Primary pulmonary AIDS-related lymphoma: radiographic and CT findings.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To describe the radiographic and CT findings of primary AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) of the lung (ARLL), and to evaluate percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) in the diagnosis of primary ARLL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven chest radiographs and seven CT scans of HIV-infected patients with histologically proved primary pulmonary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (PPL) were reviewed at our institution. All of the patients had fibroscopy with BAL. The diagnosis of PPL was established histologically by means of PTNB (n = 4), open-lung biopsy (n = 2), or autopsy (n = 1). RESULTS: All but one patient had multiple peripheral well-defined nodules of various sizes on the chest X-ray film and CT scan. One patient had a subpleural parenchymal infiltrate and another had a main peripheral mass with spontaneous cavitation. Hilar/mediastinal adenopathies and pericardial/pleural effusion were never associated with the parenchymal abnormalities. Fibroscopy with BAL was always negative. PTNB, done in six cases, was diagnostic in four cases and suggested primary ARLL in two cases. No complications occurred during these procedures. CONCLUSION: After excluding infectious causes, multiple peripheral nodules and/or masses without hilar or mediastinal adenopathies and without pleural effusion are suggestive of primary pulmonary ARL. A specific diagnosis can be obtained by means of PTNB.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1999

[Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the abdominal aorta and its branches].

Technical aspects of 3D contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography are exposed, detailing more particularly the pulse sequence used and the mode of injection of contrast agent. Then, various vascular territories are analyzed, and illustrated using various examples of main pathologies observed in routine clinical practice: abdominal aorta, renal arteries, pelvic and mesenteric vessels, and peripheral arteries.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1999

[Computerized tomography imaging of round atelectasis. Study of a series of 21 patients].

AIM: To show and compare to literature CT findings in round atelectasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It is a retrospective review of the clinical and radiological files of 21 patients (17 men; 4 women; Mean age: 62), having asbestos exposure (6/21) or pleural history (13/21) and in whom the diagnosis of round atelectasis was performed from 1988 to 1998. This diagnosis was based on the presence of the classical radiological triad: round mass abutting to pleurae, converging bronchovascular markings and pleural thickening adjacent to the mass associated at a one year follow up or three years radiological and clinical follow up or the association with three minors radiological signs. RESULTS: The 25 round atelectasis, 4 bilateral, were localized in the lower lobes (22/25) or upper lobes (3/25) at right (17/25) or left (8/25) side. Minor signs were found as in literature as followed: air bronchograms and centrally indistinct margin (25/25, diffused pleural thickening or pleural plaques (19/25), acute angles with the pleura (18/25), fissures displacement (18/25), main stem bronchus displacement (13/25), calcifications within the plaque (10/25), calcifications within the mass (10/25). A mean of 6.7 signs was found for each lesion. CONCLUSION: More than the major signs of round atelectasis the air bronchogram, the centrally indistinct margin and the presence of one sign of retraction were very frequent. The mean number of signs was 6.7 for every lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Thoracic radiology in pregnant women].

Radiological explorations of the thorax raise a certain number of risks for the mother and infant which should be well recognized by the pneumologist. Irradiation is the major risk and can be evaluated in comparison with other risks of radiation. We recall the dosimetric system based on the effective dose expressed in Sievert (Sv). The risks of irradiation are described. The dangers related to contrast agents are discussed. Each type of thoracic imaging is then considered from the standpoint of the technique, risks involved and means of radioprotection. Precise indications for each technique are given in detail for pregnant women. We review rapidly the physiological and pathological signs and symptoms observed during pregnancy and propose a practical attitude for ordering radiographic explorations.

Female↗
PubMed1998

Anatomic approach to the parametrium: value of computed tomographic in vitro study compared to dissection.

The aim of this study is to describe the morphology of the normal parametrium by correlating the slices obtained with computed tomography of 12 female cadavers studies after intravascular injection of latex with the dissection findings in 6 of the these patients. the upper limit, represented by the isthmus was defined by the uterine a. and/or a superficial uterine v. and/or the coronary v. (Charpy). The lower limit corresponded to the insertion of the levator ani mm. at the junction of the middle and inferior thirds of the vagina. The paracervical and paravaginal tissues above the levator ani m. and medial to the pelvic fascia covering these muscles were perfectly visualized. The posterior limit, formed by the lateral ligament of the rectum and/or the sacrouterine ligaments, and the anterior limit determined by the umbilico-vesical fascia were more difficult to demonstrate. In this study the parametrium appeared as a highly vascular and essentially venous connective structure with a variable morphology dependent on the uterine position.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Cystic opacity of the posterior mediastinum].

A patient with atypical clinical signs had a thoracic schwannoma in the left paravertebral gutter. Rigorous analysis of the standard x-rays, computed tomography examination and magnetic resonance imaging gave the diagnosis and guided surgical resection. The pathology report confirmed the imaging findings.

Humans↗