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Biomedical subjects

M Baum

Publications and source records attributed to M Baum.

At least 469 records · Page 26Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[The alveolar-arterial oxygen quotient. standard norms, clinical findings (author's transl)].

From the practical standpoint of view the A-aDO2 proved to be a good parameter for evaluation of global gas exchange. The endexspiratory oxygen pressure, recorded by mass spectrometry, is set equal to the alveolar oxygen pressure. Therefore it is possible for clinical use to have an on line monitoring of PETO2--PaO2. It is necessary to specify the pressure difference in dependence of the inspiratory oxygen pressure since the alveolo-arterial oxygen pressure difference increases with increasing inspiratory oxygen pressure concentration. For practical clinical purposes we come out with the relative ratio of the difference adjusted to the alveolar oxygen pressure. The alveolar-arterial oxygen quotient also called "quotient": formula: (see text) has proved to be a clinical suitable figure. For this quotient are no standard norms reported in the literature. This study was set up to evaluate the quotient in 9 healthy volunteers. The standard norms, found in our study, can basically used for practical clinical purposes. This quotient is demonstrated to be practicable in intensive care medicine (obstructive pulmonary disease, acute pulmonary failure, positive pressure ventilation).

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Treatment and survival on advanced breast cancer.

The final results of a clinical trial comparing endocrine with cytotoxic drug treatment for advanced breast cancer were analysed. Although cytotoxic treatment gave a significantly higher response rate with a remission duration comparable to that obtained with endocrine treatment, the sequence in which the two treatments were given did not appear to influence survival--except possibly in women with rapidly progressing disease, when cytotoxic treatment is preferred.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

The role of local treatment for primary carcinoma of the breast.

The rationale of the conventional treatment of carcinoma of the breast by radical mastectomy is examined and is shown, in the light of modern concepts of the biology of the disease, to be faulty. It is proposed that the primary management of breast cancer should have three aims--preoperative diagnosis so that mastectomy may be avoided in patients with overtly disseminated disease, adequate local control of the disease with the maintenance of good life quality, and staging by minimal examination of the axillary contents or pectoral node biopsy as a guide to such adjuvant systemic therapy as may prove necessary.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Comparative trial of endocrine versus cytotoxic treatment in advanced breast cancer.

Ninety-two women with advanced breast cancer were allocated at random to receive either cytotoxic or endocrine treatment. Out of 45 women included in the cytotoxic treatment group, 22 (49%) achieved complete or partial remission of their disease, whereas of the 47 included in the endocrine treatment group, only 10 (21%) achieved such remission. Significantly longer survival times in the cytotoxic treatment group were most apparent among premenopausal women, 75% of such patients responding to cytotoxic drugs (median survival 46 weeks) compared with only 11% benefiting from ovarian ablation (median survival 12 weeks). In postmenopausal women with predominantly soft-tissue disease, however, additive hormonal treatment with tamoxifen produced remission rates and survival times equivalent to those produced by cytotoxic drugs.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Clinical syndromes of mastalgia.

232 patients attending a breast clinic with breast pain as the primary presenting symptom were studied prospectively to define clinical syndromes and to attempt to elucidate aetiological factors. Those women in whom mastalgia was a minor aspect of their complaint, or who were primarily seeking reassurance that they did not have cancer, were excluded. Most mastalgia patients could be placed into well-defined subgroups on the basis of clinical, radiological, and pathological features. After excluding causes of pain arising outside the breast, six specific groups with widely differing aetiological bases were defined, leaving only 7% unclassified lithout known aetiology. The six defined groups were cyclical pronounced mastalgia, (believed to be hormonally based), duct ectasia. Tietze syndrome, trauma, sclerosing adenosis, and cancer. Psychological factors were found to be less important than has been previously suggested. Classification of patients with mastalgia into homogeneous subgroups is a prerequisite of any therapeutic study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Evaluation of quality of life in patients receiving treatment for advanced breast cancer.

Linear analogue self-assessment was used to measure the subjective effects of treatment in women with advanced breast cancer. The results show that this technique may be used to monitor the subjective benefit of treatment and to compare the subjective toxicities of different therapeutic regimens. The results also suggest that the subjective toxicity of cytotoxic therapy is not related to the patient's age and diminishes with successive courses of drugs.

Antineoplastic Agents↗