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Biomedical subjects

M Bauchinger

Publications and source records attributed to M Bauchinger.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Evidence for monoclonal proliferation in prolymphocytic leukemia of T-cell orgin. A cytogenetic and Quantitative immunoautoradiographic analysis.

B- and T-cell markers were studied in a patient with prolymphocytic leukemia, a rare variant of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Thymus-derived features were identified on the membrane of the neoplastic lymphocytes using the following cellsurface markers: Heterologous T-cell antigen, sheep erythrocyte receptor, surface immunoglobulin, complement receptor, Fc receptor and mouse erythrocyte receptor. Cytogenetic studies of leukemic cells from unstimulated and mitogen-stimulated cultures revealed a consistent karyotype characterized by marker chromosomes and a decreased chromosome number, whereas chromosomal analysis of hair root cells yielded a normal karyotype. A uniform expression of T-cell antigens measured on single leukemic cells by quantitative microphotometric immunoautoradiography correlated with the cytogenetic findings which are compatible with a descent from one progenitor cell.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Chromosome analyses of children after ecological lead exposure.

In the present work chromosome analysis was performed in a group of 30 children living in a town with a lead plant. Due to the emission of the smelter the individual lead uptake through food, drinking water and inhalation was increased. They were selected out of 1600 children whose blood lead level, delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in the erythrocytes and erythrocyte porphyrine level was measured. In the investigated group of children the values of these parameters showed to be indicative for a significant lead exposure. A total of 10,000 cells was scored after 48 h culture time. Despite a significantly increased lead load as compared with two groups of 10 children from a suburb and the isle of Helgoland there was neither evidence for a higher number of cells with structural chromosome aberrations, nor for an increased aberration yield.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The cytogenetic effect of an X-ray contrast medium in Chinese hamster cell cultures.

Chinese hamster cell cultures were treated with different concentrations of Joduron, a water-soluble iodized X-ray contrast medium. The cytogenetic effect was analysed for a treatment period of 2 or 16 h. Jorudron primarily acts on the mitotic apparatus of the cell. The type of damage ranges from different forms of initial "C-mitosis" to unpolarized stathmokinesis. Additionally, structural chromosome damage, mainly of the chromatid type, was observed, especially after a Joduron treatment for 2 h.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Chromosome analyses in cell cultures of the Chinese hamster after application of cadmiumsulphate.

Cell cultures of a Chinese hamster cell line were treated with CdSO4 in concentrations of between 10(-4) and 10(-8) mol/l for different time periods. After a treatment of 16 h the mitotic index was reduced. Strong stickiness and pycnosis of chromosomes occurred at the highest concentrations. A treatment period of 3 h with concentrations of 10(-5) and 10(-4) mol/l without additional application of Colcemid and hypotonic solution yielded a stathmokinetic effect. The mitotic index increased, mitoses were blocked in metaphase stage and "initial C-mitoses'' and "C-mitoses'' were present. Structural chromosome aberrations were present in the recovery period of more than 12 h following a treatment of 1 h with 10(-4) mol/l CdSO4. The observed aberrations were mainly of the chromatid type.

Cadmium↗
PubMed1976

Analysis of the time relationship for the interaction of X-ray induced primary breaks in the formation of dicentric chromosomes.

In split-dose experiments, the time relationship for the interaction of primary breaks in the formation of dicentric chromosomes was analysed. Human peripheral lymphocytes were irradiated with a dose of 340 R of 220 kV X-rays split into two equal fractions separated by intervals up to 360 min. Assuming an exponential decline of the time-dependent quadratic component of the dose realtion of dicentrics a theoretical formula was deduced. Fitting this formula to the empirical data a mean time of 110 min could be calculated in which primary breaks induced by both dose-fractions can interact to form dicentric chromosomes.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1975

Chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes after irradiation with 15.0-MeV neutrons in vitro. I. Dose-response relation and RBE.

Human peripheral lymphocytes were irradiated with different doses of 15.0-MeV neutrons. The frequency of different aberration types was determined and the dose-response relation was calculated. The data were fitted by least-squares regression analysis to different models. The dicentric, dicentric plus centric ring, and different acentric data gave the best fit to the linear quadratic model. The RBE of 15.0-MeV neutrons versus 220 kV X-rays decreased significantly with increasing dose.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1975

Chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes after irradiation with 15.0-MeV neutrons in vitro. II. Analysis of the number of absorption events and the interaction distance in the formation of dicentric chromosomes.

The rejoining distance for the formation of dicentric chromosomes in human lymphocytes after irradiation with 15.0-MeV neutrons has been derived on the basis of microdosimetric concepts. For the formation of a dicentric chromosome, primary lesions produced by absorption events can interact within the nucleus over a distance of at least I.8 mum. The mean number of absorption events within this range is lower than for sparsely ionizing radiation. The intercellular distribution of dicentric chromosomes is consistent with a negative binomial distribution.

Cell Nucleus↗