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Biomedical subjects

M Bassler

Publications and source records attributed to M Bassler.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

In vitro combination effects of cefotetan with four aminoglycosides, piperacillin and mezlocillin on gram-positive and gram-negative nosocomial bacteria.

The in vitro efficacy of cefotetan in combination with gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, netilmicin against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterobacter cloacae and with piperacillin and mezlocillin against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter cloacae was compared by use of the checkerboard agar dilution technique. On average, 60% of the gram-negative and 46% of the gram-positive strains were inhibited by additive, but only 22% of the gram-negative and 2% of the gram-positive bacteria were inhibited by synergistic cefotetan-aminoglycoside combinations. Netilmicin combinations were least active. On gram-negative bacteria, 63% of the cefotetan-penicillin combinations were additive and 11% synergistic. No antagonism occurred with any of the combinations.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1983

Effect of azlocillin and piperacillin in subinhibitory and inhibitory concentrations on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in broth, in serum and in the presence of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

The bactericidal activity of azlocillin and piperacillin was tested at concentrations of 1/4 the MIC, the MIC and four-fold the MIC agents a serum-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and a serum-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain in broth, in serum and in the presence of leukocytes. The antibacterial activity of azlocillin and piperacillin in serum against Staphylococcus aureus was slightly better than in broth (p greater than 0.05); both compounds were distinctly less active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in serum than in broth (p less than 0.05). Both antibiotics enhanced susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to leukocyte killing without serum (p less than 0.05), whereas leukocyte killing of Staphylococcus aureus was hardly improved even at the MIC and four-fold the MIC of both compounds. The antibacterial activity of azlocillin and piperacillin against both bacterial strains was most pronounced in the presence of leukocytes and serum. A marked bactericidal effect was achieved at 1/4 the MIC, the effect not being further significantly enhanced (p greater than 0.05) at the MIC or four-fold the MIC.

Azlocillin↗
PubMed1983

[Comparison of the in vitro activity of ceftazidime: in culture, in serum and in combination with granulocytes].

The bactericidal activity of ceftazidime against 5 serum resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and 5 serum sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains was compared in Mueller-Hinton broth and normal human serum. Except for the first 4 hours incubation time ceftazidime was less active in serum as compared to broth against the serum resistant staphylococci at subinhibitory concentrations. Against the serum sensitive Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains the in vitro activity of ceftazidime in serum was significantly higher than in broth at all concentrations investigated. In vitro activity of ceftazidime was best in combination with leukocytes and serum against a Staphylococcus aureus and a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain. Leukocytes in serum enhanced the bactericidal activity of ceftazidime against a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain already at 1/4 MIC, which could only slightly be improved at 1 MIC, but not at 4 MIC.

Blood↗
PubMed1982

Combination effect of azthreonam with four aminoglycosides on nosocomial gram-positive cocci and non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria.

The inhibitory combination effect of azthreonam with gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin and netilmicin respectively against 50 non-fermenting gram-negative rods and 30 gram-positive cocci was compared using the checkerboard agar dilution technique. On average 49.5% of all non-fermenting strains were inhibited by additive, and 48.5% by synergistic azthreonam-aminoglycoside combinations, but only 4.5% of the gram-positive cocci were inhibited by synergistic combinations. No antagonism occurred. No significant differences could be found between the effects of the respective azthreonam-aminoglycoside combinations.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1982

In vitro comparison of cefotetan with five other cephalosporins against nosocomial pathogens.

The in vitro activity of cefotetan against Staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacterial strains including nonfermenting species has been compared with that of cefoxitin, cefotaxim, moxalactam, cefoperazone and ceftazidime by use of an agar dilution method. Cefotetan was found to be inactive against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species and only moderately active against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas cepacia, and Enterobacter cloacae. It was more active than cefoxitin and cefoperazone against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and indole-positive Proteus strains.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

Effect of ceftriaxone on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in broth, serum, and in combination with human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

We investigated the antibacterial activity of ceftriaxone at concentrations of 1/4 X minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), 1 X MIC and 4 X MIC against a serum-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a serum-resistant STaphylococcus aureus strain in broth, serum, and in combination with leukocytes. Killing effect of ceftriaxone in broth was significantly better than in serum; ceftriaxone improved leukocyte bactericidal activity without serum on P. aeruginosa, but not on S. aureus. The antibacterial activity of ceftriaxone was most effective in combination with leukocytes and serum, achieving a marked bactericidal effect already at subinhibitory ceftriaxone concentrations.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1982

Combination effect of ceftriaxone with four aminoglycosides on nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria.

The in vitro efficacy of ceftriaxone in combination with gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin and netilmicin against 50 nonfermenting gram-negative bacterial strains was compared by use of the checkerboard agar dilution technique. On average 42.5% of all nonfermenting strains were inhibited by additive, 22.5% by synergistic ceftriaxone-aminoglycoside combinations. Great variations occurred between the different bacterial species. Ceftriaxone-tobramycin interactions were superior to combinations with other aminoglycosides. Ceftriaxone-aminoglycoside combinations were most active on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and least potent on Pseudomonas cepacia.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1976

Studies on intracellular transport of secretory proteins in the rat exocrine pancreas. IV. Stimulation by in vivo infusion of caerulein.

Prolonged secretory stimulation of the exocrine pancreas in the rat by in vivo infusion of caerulein leads to a rapid degranulation of the organ associated with a progressive reduction in the size of the zymogen granules. During the first six to twelve hours of stimulation Golgi complexes are enlarged and several structural forms of multivesicular bodies are found indicating a lysosomal degradation of membrane material in the Golgi area. Maximum secretory activity is obtained after a 24 hour infusion, Golgi complexes appear fragmented, the secretory granules measure only 1/3 to 1/4 their normal size. Thereafter, in spite of a continuous stimulation, the exocrine cells regranulate progressively up to 72 hours of infusion. This regranulation is associated with massive enlargement of the Golgi complexes.

Amylases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Antibacterial activity of clindamycin and lincomycin in broth, serum, and in combination with polymorphonuclear leukocytes against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis].

We investigated the antibacterial activity of clindamycin and lincomycin at 1/4 X minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), 1 X MIC and 4 X MIC against a serum-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and a serum-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strain in broth, in serum with and without the presence of leukocytes and in Hank's medium in combination with leukocytes alone. Against both test strains, lincomycin in broth and serum was similarly effective, whereas against S. aureus clindamycin in broth was somewhat more active. In the combined test mixture of serum with leukocytes, even a 1/4 X MIC of clindamycin or lincomycin markedly improved leukocyte killing of S. aureus, whereas both compounds could not further enhance the marked leukocyte killing of S. epidermidis, even at inhibitory concentrations. In Hank's medium with leukocytes alone, clindamycin and lincomycin had at the most only a bacteriostatic effect against both test strains.

Blood↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Inpatient psychotherapy with chronic psychogenic pain patients].

The efficacy of inpatient psychosomatic psychotherapy was proved by a naturalistic prospective study with 50 psychogenic pain patients over an average time period of 12 weeks. At the end of inpatient psychotherapy about 60% of all patients achieved pain mitigation. According to the aim of our therapeutic concept to specially improve the perception and verbalization of their own conflicts or affects about 86% of all patients judged to have an enhanced competence in problem solving. The hypothesis that depression may often occur as a consequence of several years lasting chronic pain, could not be confirmed in our study. In contrast no remarkable correlation was found between symptom duration and depressive or anxious mood respectively. Concerning prognosis it seems to be significant that an increased tendency for rationalization or intellectualization diminished clinical outcome success as well as it occurred with enhanced acute pain sensation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The therapeutic relationship within the scope of inpatient psychotherapy].

Within psychotherapy-research a kind of paradigm has almost established itself, maintaining that--with high probability--a positive therapeutic relationship early on permits to expect a favourable therapeutic outcome. These conclusions were mainly derived from an outpatient psychotherapy setting of under 30 hours. In our own study we wanted to examine whether an early prognosis of success under such conditions was also possible for psychoanalytically oriented inpatient psychotherapy. We examined a sample--representative by age, sex and diagnosis--of 76 patients with an average duration of treatment of 12 weeks. For the patients' self-rating of therapeutic alliance we translated a questionnaire from Luborsky (1984) into German, whereas for the therapists' rating we conceived our own questionnaire. Contrary to our expectations, we were not able to demonstrate clinically significant correlations between the initial quality of the therapeutic relationship and therapy success later on (patients' rating: r = 0.28, p < 0.01, therapists' rating: r = 0.09, p > 0.10). One hypothesis on this surprising finding seems to be especially plausible: In our opinion a substantial strength of inpatient psychotherapy (regardless of it being shaped more by psychoanalytic or behavioral orientation) is the following: it offers less motivated patients of lower social status and level of education an opportunity to experience essential processes of communicative learning and motivation especially within the first weeks of treatment.

Adult↗