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Biomedical subjects

M Barrueco Ferrero

Publications and source records attributed to M Barrueco Ferrero.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Teenagers and smoking: prevalence, patterns and attitudes].

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of smoking among 12 to 14-year-olds in the province of Salamanca and to identify their knowledge of and attitudes to smoking as well as the impact of information provided on the subject in comic strip form. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We performed a descriptive study (n = 4907). The variables analyzed were: age, sex, place of residence, school, smoking, and degree of awareness of the consequences of smoking before and after being given the comic book. Statistical analysis was carried out using measures of central tendency, the chi-squared test and Student's t-test T (p < 0.05). RESULTS: Of the teenagers surveyed, 45.4 % of the boys and 39 % of the girls had smoked at some time and 20.5 % reported they were current smokers, with no differences between sexes. In both sexes the first cigarette was offered by a friend (59.8 % of boys and 66.5 % of girls). The teenagers began to smoke at a mean age of 11.1 years. Most of these adolescents smoked between 1 and 5 cigarettes a day. Most (91.8 %) considered tobacco to be a drug and after reading the comic strip this percentage rose to 99.1 %. A total of 70.1 % knew what passive smoking was, and after reading the comic strip this figure increased to 88.2 %. More than half (64.9 %) associated tobacco consumption with cancer, bronchitis and heart attack and 44.4 % considered mild cigarettes to be less harmful; after reading the comic strip these percentages changed to 95.3 % and 1.4 % respectively. Before reading the comic strip 84.2 % associated addiction with nicotine whereas after reading the comic this figure was 97.8 %. CONCLUSIONS: Children have contact with tobacco at a relatively early age. Current information on smoking is acceptable but could be improved. Information provided through comic strips can be an effective way of reaching adolescents and of preventing them from taking up the habit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Tobacco detoxication at a primary care clinic: efficacy of medical counseling, minimal intervention and nicotine replacement therapy at the one-year follow-up].

OBJECTIVE: The main objective was to compare the efficacy of one-off tobacco counselling and of the systematic minimum intervention on making people give up smoking. A secondary aim was to evaluate the efficacy of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in the context of a primary care consultation. DESIGN: Controlled and randomised clinical trial. SETTING: Primary care. PARTICIPANTS: Smokers who over 12 months attended a primary care clinic at an urban health centre (304 patients). INTERVENTIONS: Two kinds of intervention were conducted at random on patients with low nicotine dependence (one-off medical counselling and counselling integrated into what is known as the minimal intervention, but conducted systematically). NRT was administered through nicotine patches (11% nicotine) to patients with moderate-to-high nicotine dependence. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Short-term cessation a year after the minimal intervention was 39% (29.4-49.3%), and maintained cessation 30.9% (29.4-49.3%), as against 11% (5.6-18.8%) short-term cessation in the group that received one-off counselling (p < 0.0001). Short-term tobacco cessation in the NRT group was 35.3% (24.1-47.8%), and maintained cessation 30.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Primary care is a suitable context for an intervention against tobacco dependency, through the use of any of the established interventions: one-off medical counselling, systematic minimal intervention, or specialist drug treatment through NRT. Therefore, these kinds of intervention must form part of PC clinics' daily activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Nasal nicotine spray in smoking cessation. Results of a multicenter study].

We have carried out an open multicenter follow-up study of the efficacy of a smoking cessation therapy that combined psychological support with use of a nicotine nasal spray. Fifty-seven subjects (37 men, 20 women) with a mean age of 40.3 +/- 15.7 yr and smoking 37.4 +/- 4.7 cigarettes per day were enrolled. The mean Fagerström test score was 8.9 +/- 1.1. Patients received minimal psychological support and were prescribed a nicotine nasal spray at the recommended dose of 1 to mg/h for use while awake for a period of three months, with gradual reduction of dose. Subjects were seen on six occasions (on the first day of consultation; 1, 2 and 6 weeks after quitting; 3 and 6 months after quitting). After three months of follow-up, 22 patients (39%) were abstinent; six months after first trying to quit, only 20 of the 57 enrolled had succeeded (35%). Although most subjects (over 90% in the first 15 days, and over 50% at three months) used the treatment, only a small percentage (3%) followed the appropriate doses in the first 15 days and 31% reported doing so at the three-month check-up. The mean score reflecting withdrawal syndrome tripled over baseline level during the first six weeks of follow-up. Over three quarters of the subjects suffered side effects caused by the spray, the most common being nasal irritation, rhinorrhea and tearing. Five patients (87%) lef the study because of intolerance to medication. In conclusion, our study found a rate of success of 35% after six months of follow-up. Use of the prescribed medication was inadequate; withdrawal syndrome was more intense and the prevalence of side effects increased during the early treatment period.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1996

[Legislative bases for the prevention of smoking in school].

For the last years we have witnessed and increasing awareness of the part of doctors and teachers who by means of the education for the health (EpS) promote the acquisition of healthy habits among students at schools. One of those educational contents is the smoking prevention. The participation of pneumologists in those activities is still rather limited. Doctors and teachers should reach a better understanding and doctors should get more involved helping the school boards and the teaching staff to outline these aspects regarding health in the educational project of each school. Their collaboration is essential in the training on health topics made by the teaching staff and their later development. Smoking prevention among young people can't be viewed from a detached perspective and comprehensive health policies, with a legislative development including all aspects, become absolutely necessary. In order to provide such activities, western governments have developed a various non-smoking legislation for the last years. Knowing the legislation which holds the achievement proves to be interesting for the teachers responsible of the carrying-out as well as for the doctors willing to participate in their project. The most important Spanish legislation about smoking is the Royal Order 192/1988 of the Ministry of Health. The legislation of the Ministry of Education concerning the educational contents for compulsory education in nursery, primary and secondary schools includes the EpS and shapes a legislative framework which enables to develop those preventing activities at schools.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Osteochondroplastic tracheobronchopathy, osteochondromas and recurrent sinusitis. Apropos a case].

We describe the case of a patient with pneumonia presenting an atelectatic component at the front segment of the left upper Lobe (LUL) due to osteochondroplastic tracheobronchopathy (OT). The patient had been operated of an osteochondroma in the left perque and presented a proliferative bone lesion in the right femur suggesting the sam problem at this level. We discuss if that could be a casual association. We also analyze the potential relationship of OT and recurrent sinusitis, which was also present in this patient.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

[Bronchial asthma. New ideas on pathogenicity and treatment].

New insights on the pathogenicity of asthma have derived the attention to the inflammatory changes observed in the airways of asthmatic patients. The cellular and biochemical mechanisms that take place in them are not well enough understood and, thus, new questions have been added to the ones that existed before the asthma was considered an inflammatory disease. The interactions between cells and inflammation mediators, and between both of them and the autonomous control of the bronchial tree, are still adding new questions and preventing the working-out of a comprehensive theory explaining all the changes observed in asthma. In addition, the recent insights on the relationship between asthma, athopy and hereditary conditionings of both, have significantly increased our body of knowledge on the disease and have open new perspectives that now can be only foreseen. The new concepts related to the pathogenicity of asthma have placed the anti-inflammatory therapy in the first line of the anti-asthmatic therapy. The development of new agonists of the platelet activation factor, leukotriens or tromboxanes and the therapeutical strategies based on the control of IgE hypersecretion, may be relevant advances for the future control of this disease.

Asthma↗