Biomedical subjects

M Barrionuevo

Publications and source records attributed to M Barrionuevo.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

Supplementation of a cereal-milk formula with haem iron palliates the adverse effects of iron deficiency on calcium and magnesium metabolism in rats.

Aside from the well known alteration of Fe status in Fe deficiency, this condition has also a negative effect on the bioavailability of Ca and Mg. We studied the influence of the supplementation of a commercial cereal-milk formula with bovine blood on Fe, Ca, P, and Mg metabolism in control and Fe-deficient rats to investigate whether high Fe levels in diet produce some interactions and the possibility of decreasing these latter by a haem-Fe supplementation. The bioavailability in control and Fe-deficient animals was determined as the apparent digestibility coefficient and hemoglobin regeneration efficiency, both of which are accurate estimations of total Fe utilization. Non-fortified cereal-milk formula decreased the apparent digestibility coefficient of Ca and Mg in Fe-deficient rats; the concentrations of these minerals in liver, femur, and sternum were lower than in control animals. However, when the Fe content of the cereal-milk formula was doubled by supplementation with bovine blood, the adverse effects on the digestive utilization of Ca, and especially of Mg, were palliated, the concentration of these two minerals in the organs investigated increased, and the overall Fe status improved in Fe-deficient rats.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗

PubMed1996

Calcium absorption in rats with distal intestinal resection: influence of type of dietary fat, cholecalciferol and nature of the adaptative response.

The effects of dietary fat and supplementation with cholecalciferol on calcium absorption at different luminal concentrations (2.07 mmol/l and 2.07 mmol/l with 0.5 mmol/l 2,4-dinitrophenol and 8.20 mmol/l) were studied in vivo in the perfused duodenum, residual jejunum and proximal colon of rats with resection of 50% of the distal small intestine, as well as the nature of the adaptative response (passive or active). Changing the source of dietary fat (diet B, containing 1/3 medium chain triglycerides, 1/3 olive oil, 1/3 sunflower oil) increased calcium absorption, preferentially via active transport, in both transected and resected rats. Supplementation of diet B with cholecalciferol further enhanced intestinal calcium absorption, especially in the colon. These results suggest the importance of diet in the adaptive processes and confirm that active mechanisms of transport adapt more readily to intestinal resection than do passive mechanisms.

Adaptation, Physiological↗

PubMed1996

Effects of iron replenishment on iron, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium metabolism in iron-deficient rats.

We investigated the effect of Fe deficiency on the nutritive utilization of Fe, Ca, P and Mg in rats. Aside from the well known depletion of Fe in liver, femur and sternum with low values of Hb, Fe deficiency impaired Ca, P and Mg metabolism at different degrees. Iron deficiency altered Mg absorption, lowered the concentration of Ca in the liver, femur and sternum, raised the concentration of P and Mg in the liver, and decreased P in the femur. The altered status was not completely rectified by iron supplementation as the animals were still slightly anemic at the end of the study. The second purpose of the study was to evaluate the ability of three iron compounds (ferric citrate, ferrous sulfate and ferrous ascorbate) to correct the undesirable effects of Fe deficiency. Ten days after treatment with these diets, Fe-deficient rats still had reduced Mg absorption, especially those fed ferric citrate. The concentrations of hemoglobin approached normal values in all groups; however, serum Fe remained low, indicating that Fe reserves were still depleted. Hepatic and femoral Fe concentrations were also lower in all Fe-deficient groups regardless of the diet given, compared with their respective controls, whereas Fe concentrations in the sternum increased significantly with all three diets, suggesting an increase in erythropoiesis. The concentration of Ca, P and Mg in liver approached normal values, and appeared to normalize in the femur, except that Ca and P concentrations remained low with the citrate diet. In the sternum, a site assumed to have higher requirements for these minerals, the concentrations of Ca, P and Mg also increased. These findings indicate that Fe is involved in the bone mineralization, and that in physiological terms, Fe interacts favorably with Ca, P and Mg metabolism, since Fe deficiency altered the status of these metals. These findings also suggest that ferrous ascorbate and ferrous sulfate were more effectively absorbed than was ferric citrate.

Analysis of Variance↗

PubMed1995

Effects of intestinal resection, cholecalciferol and ascorbic acid on iron metabolism in rats.

The effect of dietary supplementation with ascorbic acid or cholecalciferol on Fe utilization was studied using the metabolic balance technique, in rats in which 50% of the distal small intestine was removed, or in which the mid small intestine was transected and reanastomosed (controls). Three different diets were used. The first (basal diet) contained (g/kg dry wt): protein (casein + 50 mg D,L-methionine/g) 120 and fat (medium-chain triacylglycerols, olive oil and sunflower oil, in equal parts) 40. The other diets were obtained by adding ascorbic acid (150 mg/kg diet) or cholecalciferol (0.4 mg/kg diet) to the basal diet. Apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) and Fe retention were significantly lower in resected animals than in their respective control groups (transected rats). However, the addition of ascorbic acid or cholecalciferol to the basal diet increased the ADC and Fe retention in both transected and resected rats. Five weeks after surgery, resection also resulted in a reduced concentration of Fe in the sternum, but did not reduce the concentration of haemoglobin or serum Fe total Fe-binding capacity or the concentration of Fe in liver, testes, femur or muscle (longissimus dorsi). Supplementation with ascorbic acid increased serum Fe concentration, while the concentration of Fe in muscle was reduced by supplementation with both ascorbic acid and cholecalciferol. Neither supplementation had any effect on the Fe concentration in other tissues, on haemoglobin concentration or plasma total Fe-binding capacity. Thus, supplementation with ascorbic acid or with cholecalciferol increased Fe absorption and reduced the concentration of Fe in muscle.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Effect of intestinal resection, type of dietary fat and time on biliary lipid secretion in rats.

The effects of time and the type of dietary fat on biliary physiology in rats with 50% resection of the distal small intestine were investigated. The effects of ursodeoxycholic acid as an exogenous source of bile acid added to the diet were also studied. The fat composition of all diets was the same in quantitative terms (4%), and differed only in the type of lipid supplied: olive oil (diet A) or one-third medium chain triglycerides, one-third sunflower seed oil and one-third olive oil (diet B). In resected rats given diet A for 1 or 3 months, there was a decrease in biliary secretion of cholesterol and phospholipids, and in the lithogenic index, with respect to the control group. Resected rats fed diet B for 1 or 3 months showed increases in biliary secretion of cholesterol and phospholipids, and in the lithogenic index, in comparison with resected rats fed diet A. The addition of ursodeoxycholic acid to diet B led to the decoupling of bile acid and bile lipid secretion.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Influence of dietary fat components and intestinal resection on iron, zinc and copper metabolism in rats.

The effect of resecting 50% of the distal small intestine (DSI) on iron, zinc and copper nutritive utilization was studied in rats fed two different types of diet: a standard diet containing 4% olive oil (A) and a diet containing different sources of fat (1/3 olive oil, 1/3 sunflower oil and 1/3 medium chain triglycerides) (B). One month and 7 days after surgery, intestinal resection led to a deterioration in digestive (ADC) and metabolic (balance) utilization of iron, zinc and copper. To assess trace metal postresectional homeostasis, we also measured these mineral concentrations in whole blood, plasma and several organs (liver, femur, sternum, longissimus dorsi muscle and testes). Our findings showed no significant differences in iron, zinc and copper concentrations between the organs, suggesting that the observed decrease in digestive and metabolic efficiency of these minerals was not markedly reflected at the postabsorptive level, since the distribution of the trace elements in the whole organism remained unchanged. We conclude that one month and 7 days after this surgical intervention, adaptive mechanisms are well developed in resected rats fed a diet with an adequate mineral supplement.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Effects of type of dietary fat and cholecalciferol on magnesium absorption in rats with intestinal resection.

We studied the effect of type of dietary fat and supplementation with cholecalciferol on magnesium absorption in the duodenum, jejunum and proximal colon in rats with resection of 50% of the distal small intestine. Magnesium transport against the concentration gradient was found to occur in all three intestinal segments, although transport increased significantly only in the proximal colon of intestinally resected rats fed a diet supplemented with cholecalciferol at a rate of 0.425 mg/kg diet and mixture of equal parts of medium chain triglycerides, sunflower oil and olive oil as the source of dietary fat (diet B), in comparison with magnesium absorption in control rats subjected to intestinal transection and fed diet B, and in resected rats fed a diet without cholecalciferol supplementation and in which olive oil was the sole source of dietary fat (diet A). Magnesium absorption due to active and passive transport together, was greater in resected than in transected rats in all three intestinal segments, although the difference was significant only in the jejunum (the segment closest to the anastomosis), because of the greater increase in mucosal mass in resected animals. When the three intestinal segments were compared, magnesium absorption in favour of and against the concentration gradient in the proximal colon was significantly greater than in the duodenum or the jejunum, in resected and transected animals fed diet A or diet B. These findings show that the colon is the segment that most efficiently absorbs magnesium in rats with intestinal resection, especially when diet B is given.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Effect of iron deficiency on the digestive utilization of iron, phosphorus, calcium and magnesium in rats.

The influence of the source of dietary Fe (ferric citrate alone or mixed with bovine blood at a proportion of 1:1 (v/v)) on the digestive utilization of Fe, P, Ca and Mg, and on haemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE) was investigated in control and Fe-deficient rats. Diet A contained (by analysis) 43.5 mg Fe/kg diet (as ferric citrate), and diet B contained 44.3 mg Fe/kg diet (ferric citrate-bovine blood). In Fe-deficient rats fed on diet A or B the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of Fe increased by 42.3 and 45.7% respectively. The ADC of Ca and Mg decreased significantly in Fe-deficient rats regardless of the source of dietary Fe. The HRE increased by 72.9% in Fe-deficient rats fed on diet A, and by 91.1% in Fe-deficient animals fed on diet B. In Fe-deficient rats fed on Fe for 10 d the values of haematological variables approached normality. However, serum Fe remained low, indicating that Fe reserves were still depleted. A deficient dietary supply of Fe for 30 d did not significantly modify the numbers of circulating leucocytes.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Influence of dietary fat on nutritive utilization of protein in intestinally resected rats.

The effects of different types of dietary fat on the digestive and metabolic utilization of protein were studied in rats with 50% resection of the distal small intestine and in sham-operated controls one month after surgery. The digestive utilization of protein was not significantly affected in intact animals when olive oil was replaced by butter as the dietary source of fat. In resected rats given either type of diet the apparent digestibility coefficient of protein declined significantly in comparison to intact controls. Intestinal resection decreased the retention of nitrogen significantly in rats given olive oil. The replacement of 2/3 of the dietary supply of olive oil with 1/3 medium chain triglycerides and 1/3 sunflower seed oil improved the metabolic utilization of protein in comparison to resected rats fed olive oil or butter as the only source of dietary fat. However, the addition of ursodeoxycholic acid to the diet containing equal parts of olive oil, medium chain triglycerides and sunflower seed oil failed to improve the metabolic utilization of protein in comparison to that seen in rats given olive oil only. Serum concentrations of total protein, urea and creatinine, albeit with slight changes in the first, remained within normal limits. Despite the lower retention of nitrogen in resected rats, these animals maintained homeostasis without resorting to muscular protein.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Influence of intestinal resection and type of diet on the digestive and metabolic utilization of fats in rats.

The effects of the quality of dietary fat, and the influence of ursodeoxycholic acid, an exogenous bile acid, on the digestive and metabolic utilization of fat were studied in rats in which 50% of the distal small intestine was resected. The fat content of the diets was quantitatively equivalent (4%), and differed only in the type of fat: olive oil (diet A) or 1/3 medium chain triglycerides (MCT), 1/3 sunflower oil and 1/3 olive oil (diet B). The removal of 50% of the distal small intestine led to a highly significant decline in the digestive utilization of fat (ADC) in animals given diet A. Rats fed diet B showed an increase in ADC to values approaching those seen in control animals. The addition of ursodeoxycholic acid to diet B failed to cause a further rise in the ADC of fat. After intestinal resection, serum levels of triglycerides and cholesterol fell more markedly in animals given diet A than in the diet B group, while the addition of ursodeoxycholic acid to diet B led to no further change. Serum lipid levels showed no significant influence of intestinal resection, but did accurately reflect the differences in fat composition between the two types of diet tested.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Influence of ileal resection, type of diet and ursodeoxycholic acid on biliary secretion in rats.

We studied the effects of the type of dietary fat and of ursodeoxycholic acid, an exogenous bile acid added to the diet, on bile physiology in rats with 50% resection of the distal small intestine. The amount of fat was the same (4%) in all diets assayed, which differed only in the type of fat, (olive oil in diet A, and 1/3 medium-chain triglycerides, 1/3 sunflower oil and 1/3 olive oil in diet B). The removal of 50% of the distal small intestine raised the de novo hepatic synthesis of bile acids with respect to controls, regardless of whether diet A or diet B was given. The addition to diet B of ursodeoxycholic acid decreased bile flow and osmotic activity of bile acid in resected rats and raised bile acid-independent bile flow in comparison to resected rats given diet B without ursodeoxycholic acid.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Influence of intestinal resection and type of diet on digestive utilization and metabolism of magnesium in rats.

The influence of intestinal resection and type of diet on nutritive utilization of magnesium was studied in rats in which 50% of the distal small intestine was removed and in sham-operated controls. Nutritive parameters were analyzed after feeding the rats different diets for one or three months after surgery. Loss of 50% of the distal small intestine reduced digestive utilization of Mg as reflected in the mineral content of bone, however digestive and metabolic utilization of Mg were seen to recover by three months postsurgery. When dietary fat was supplied as equal parts of medium chain triglycerides, sunflower seed oil and olive oil instead of 100% olive oil, Mg absorption and retention were enhanced in resected rats after one month with the beneficial effects on Mg metabolism becoming even more marked after three months. One month after resection, dietary supplementation with vitamin D3 clearly stimulated digestive utilization of Mg. Although this effect was less notable at three months, nutritive utilization of Mg remained higher than in resected rats fed a diet lacking vitamin D3 supplementation. Dietary levels of vitamin D3 favored the deposition of Mg in bone tissue.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Influence of time, type of diet and ursodeoxycholic acid on biliary secretion in rats with intestinal resection.

The effects of time and the type of dietary fat on biliary physiology in rats with 50% resection of the distal small intestine was investigated. The effects of ursodeoxycholic acid as an exogenous source in bile acid added to the diet were also studied. The fat composition of all diets was the same in quantitative terms (4%), and differed only in the type of lipid supplied: olive oil (diet A) or 1/3 medium chain triglycerides, 1/3 sunflower seed oil and 1/3 olive oil (diet B). Three months after intestinal resection, neither group of resected rats showed significant changes in bile flow or bile acid output in comparison to controls, whereas the slope of the regression line was notably increased, indicating that enterohepatic circulation failed to adapt to the different dietary fats during recovery from intestinal resection. The addition of ursodeoxycholic acid to diet B significantly raised bile acid flow and output in comparison to controls, as a result of the recovery of enterohepatic circulation. This was reflected in the lower slope of the regression line, thus suggesting that de novo synthesis in resected animals was less intensely stimulated.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Influence of intestinal resection, type of dietary fat and time on the digestive and metabolic utilization of fat in rats.

The influence of diets containing different types of fat (olive oil or a mixture of 1/3 medium chain triglycerides, 1/3 sunflower seed oil and 1/3 olive oil), and the effect of ursodeoxycholic acid, an exogenous bile acid, on the digestive and metabolic utilization of fat and on the relative percentages of fatty acids in serum in adult rats with 50% distal small intestinal resection and in sham-operated controls three months after surgery has been studied. In resected rats given olive oil as the dietary source of fat, the digestive utilization of fat decreased with respect to controls. Substitution of 1/3 medium chain triglycerides and 1/3 sunflower seed oil for 2/3 of the dietary fat source improved the digestive utilization of fat as judged from the apparent digestibility coefficient, and this improvement was maintained when ursodeoxycholic acid was added to the diet. With both sources of dietary fat tested, intestinal resection led to a decrease in serum levels of triglycerides and cholesterol. However, no significant differences were observed between resected animals fed either type of diet and controls with respect to the relative percentages of fatty acids in serum, saturated and insaturated fatty acid indices or omega 3/omega 6 ratio. The fatty acid profile in serum revealed no deficit in essential fatty acids caused by intestinal resection, type of diet or time, but did reflect clearly the source of dietary fat.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

[The effect of intestinal resection and dietary fat quality on the nutritional utilization of fat].

The influence of the quality of dietary fat on digestive and metabolic utilization of fat, serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides and the relative percentages of serum fatty acids was studied in rats in which 50% of the distal small intestine (DSI) was resected and in sham-operated controls. Nutritive parameters were measured 1 month after surgery. The fat components of the diets were: olive oil, butter and equal parts of medium chain triglycerides (MCT), olive oil and sunflower seed oil. There was no changes in digestive utilization of fat in shamoperated controls with either dietary sources of fat, olive oil or butter. The removal of 50% of the distal small intestine led to a decline in the digestive utilization of fat (ADC) in both test diets. When dietary fat was supplied as equal parts of MCT, olive oil and sunflower seed oil instead of 100% olive oil (diet C), digestive utilization of fat was enhanced in resected rats. When ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) was added to diet C, digestive utilization of fat remained high, reaching values as elevated as those in sham-operated controls. At the metabolic level, resection of half the DSI led to a significant decrease in serum triglycerides and cholesterol levels, independently of type of dietary fat tested. The type of diet, as well as intestinal resection, do not led to an essential fatty acid deficiency in serum lipids; it is only a reflect of the supplemented diet fat contents.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Influence of medium chain triglycerides and vitamin D3 on digestive and metabolic utilization of protein in rats with intestinal resection.

The effects of different types of diet and resecting 50% of the distal small intestine on the digestive and metabolic utilization of protein were studied in resected rats and sham-operated controls. Nutritional parameters were analyzed at 1 and 3 months postsurgery. Intestinal resection led to a deterioration in digestive utilization of protein, which improved with time (3 months postsurgery). A qualitative change in the dietary fat source from 100% olive oil to equal parts of medium chain triglycerides, sunflower seed oil and olive oil and this same diet supplemented with vitamin D3 favoured digestive utilization of protein as recorded 1 month after surgery. However, the beneficial effects were maintained at 3 months only in resected rats given dietary fat in the form of 100% olive oil.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Nutritive utilization of protein and digestive utilization of fat in two commercial diets designed for clinical enteral nutrition.

The digestive and metabolic utilization of protein (50% lactoalbumin + 50% casein) and fat (43.0% butter, 29.5% olive oil, 14.7% soy oil, 9.8% MCT and 3.0% lecithin) provided by two commercial diets used in clinical enteral nutrition (normoproteic, 16.1% protein and 20.8% fat, and hyperproteic, 23.1% protein and 14.9% fat), was studied in adult rats (mean body weight 180 g). The diet containing the greater amount of protein improved the digestive utilization of nitrogen, and although nitrogen retention was optimal, it failed to rise further when the dietary protein supply was increased. The digestive utilization of fat in both diets was excellent.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

Nutritive utilization of calcium in rats: effects of dietary fat components and vitamin D3 on intestinal resected rats.

The nutritive utilization of calcium was studied in adult rats in which 50% of the distal small intestine (DSI) had been resected and in sham-operated controls one month and three months after the operation. Resection of half the DSI reduced the digestive utilization of Ca as reflected by mineral content in bone. Three months after resection, nutritive utilization of Ca had still not recovered. Feeding the resected rats with a diet in which fat content consisted of equal parts of medium-chain triglycerides (MCT), sunflower seed oil, and olive oil failed to improve nutritive utilization of Ca after one or three months in comparison with a diet containing olive oil as the only source of lipids. Supplementation with vitamin D3 (0.04 mg/100 g diet) enhanced nutritive utilization of Ca in resected rats after one month, the beneficial effect becoming much more patent after three months. At the dose used, vitamin D3 favored calcium deposition in bone tissue. Serum levels of Ca remained unchanged under all experimental conditions, both one month and three months after 50% DSI resection.

Animals↗