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Biomedical subjects

M Banks

Publications and source records attributed to M Banks.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Detection of antibodies to Aujeszky's disease virus in whole blood by Elisadisc.

A rapid method for the detection of antibodies in whole blood by ELISA was developed. A punched filter paper disc configuration, the Elisadisc, was loaded with blood, dried, and applied directly to the Aujeszky's disease ELISA, with minimal pretreatment. Rapidity, throughput and sensitivity were equal to that of the serum ELISA. No loss of activity could be detected in the discs after storage at +4 degrees C for almost 1 yr.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Social support, social pressures and psychological distress during unemployment.

A sample of 1150 unemployed 17 year-olds, containing blacks and whites, males and females, was obtained from 11 urban regions in England. Social support was measured in respect of five different forms of help from others. Measures were also obtained of psychological distress, perceived pressure from others to obtain a job, employment commitment, contact with other young people, and contact with other unemployed young people. Two forms of social support (having someone to turn to for help with money, and having someone to suggest interesting things to do) were significantly associated with measures of distress, as were perceived pressure to obtain a job and employment commitment, but not contact with other unemployed young people. The association between distress and having someone to turn to for help with money was greater for those perceiving pressure from others to obtain a job than those not perceiving pressure. Also, the association between distress and having someone to turn to when feeling low was greater for those with a high employment commitment than for those with a low one. Other associations between support and distress were found to be affected by sex and ethnic differences in the sample. The results are discussed in the light of a stress-buffering model of social support; and the need to disaggregate social support into its component parts is emphasized.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1985

The experience of unemployment among black and white urban teenagers.

The psychological health and labour market commitment of 1150 unemployed 17-year-olds in 11 urban areas of England were examined. Distress levels were significantly higher than among comparable employed samples, and symptoms had usually commenced after the onset of unemployment. Unemployed black respondents (of Afro-Caribbean descent) were found to exhibit significantly lower levels of distress and depression than whites. However, no differences were recorded between black and white respondents in respect of anxiety, financial strain and concern over being unemployed. Commitment to the labour market was significantly greater among white males than black males, perhaps because the latter have responded realistically to their disadvantaged labour market position. However, ethnic differences in commitment were generally absent in the case of females. Length of time out of work was unrelated to affective well-being and employment commitment in both ethnic groups, but job search attitudes were significantly less positive among respondents who had been unemployed for longer periods.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Comparison and evaluation of four serological tests for detection of antibodies to Aujeszky's disease virus.

Four methods used for the detection of antibodies to Aujeszky's disease virus in porcine sera were compared. The serum neutralisation test, countercurrent immunoelectrophoresis test, micro-immunodiffusion test and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa) were assessed with particular regard to their use in large scale screening of porcine serum samples. The Elisa test was found to be the most suitable on the grounds of sensitivity, speed and cost.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

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Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMedDate not supplied

DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism among British isolates of Aujeszky's disease virus: use of the polymerase chain reaction to discriminate among strains.

A retrospective analysis of DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of Aujeszky's disease (AD) virus isolates from England and Wales over a 22-year period revealed considerable homogeneity of BamHI restriction endonuclease sites, both in number and size. The appearance of a new DNA RFLP in 1981 coincided with a marked increase in the number of new outbreaks of AD. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed to discriminate between the established strains and the new type. By relating these results to pig movement records it was possible to trace the spread of the new type virus which was isolated from 39/60 (65%) of the new outbreaks of AD in England and Wales in 1982. The study suggested that airborne spread of up to 17 km was the most likely route of transmission in many of the new type cases. The discriminatory PCR was shown to be a useful tool for the rapid and sensitive detection of latent AD virus in pigs.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The secondary transfer of fibres from head hair.

In this study, the effects of fibre type, hair style, time and fibre persistence on the secondary transfer of mask fibres to pillowcases via head hair were studied. Volunteers with a range of hair styles, and masks consisting of different fibre compositions were used in the study. Fibres from the masks were found to transfer from donor subjects to the pillowcases up to 14 nights after the mask had been worn. On average, the number of secondarily transferred fibres found decreased with time; however, this decrease appeared to be more 'linear' in nature, rather than an exponential decay. The greatest degree of secondary transfer occurred with cotton, then acrylic, then wool. In a primary transfer/persistence experiment with a 50% acrylic/50% wool mask, wool was found to persist in the hair more readily than acrylic. The results also showed that the greatest degree of secondary transfer occurred via short straight and long straight hair, with no clear pattern emerging between medium length hair (both straight and curly) and with long curly hair. The implications of these findings for the assessment and interpretation of casework are considered along with data obtained from related studies.

Bedding and Linens↗