Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Baba

Publications and source records attributed to M Baba.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[A study on the changes in the tracheo-bronchial mucosa after esophagectomy for esophageal cancer; with special reference to the influence of neck and upper mediastinal lymph node dissections].

The tracheo-bronchial mucosa of 27 surgical patients with esophageal cancer was examined by bronchofiberscope postoperatively, and the changes of the mucosa were divided into four grades, i.e., GI: no change or slight redness only (7 cases), GII: Severe redness or erosion (7 cases), GIII: Ulcer formation (11 cases) and GIV: Necrosis of the mucosa (2 cases). All the GI-III changes were reversible. However, GIV change was irreversible. The biopsy specimens were taken from the mucosa of the tracheal bifurcation on the 7th postoperative day, showing squamous metaplasia in 9 of 13 patients. Bilateral modified neck and upper mediastinal lymph node dissections were performed in 18 of 27 patients. The change of the mucosa was judged as GIII or IV in 12 of 18 patients (67%), whereas the change was less significant in the remaining 6 patients. Namely, the degree of mucosal change did not necessarily correspond with the extent of lymph node dissection. The changes of the mucosa were considered to be brought about not only by tracheo-bronchial ischemia but also by injurious effects on the pulmonary parenchyma following aggressive lymph node dissection. The assessment of the degree of the mucosal change might be a useful indicator for postoperative management of esophageal cancer patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A case of esophageal rupture confirmed by chest CT: characteristic changes in chest radiographs].

A 67-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with chest pain and dyspnea which occurred suddenly after vomiting. She was well until admission except for cholelithiasis and hypertension which had been pointed out 3 years earlier. Arterial blood gas analysis showed hypoxemia without hypercapnea. Chest X-ray examination on admission revealed intra-mediastinal air with a niveau behind the heart which compressed the vasculature of the left lower lobe and a small amount of air in the regions adjacent to the trachea, left main bronchus and aortic arch. The serial chest radiographs showed pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax and pleural effusion in that order within 16 hours after the onset. The diagnosis of esophageal rupture was made by CT scan of the chest performed after oral administration of Gastrografin, which demonstrated extravasation of contrast medium into the mediastinum. Surgical treatment including eversion stripping and esophagogastrostomy was performed 23 hours after the onset. Pathological examination of the removed specimens revealed a rupture of the lower portion of the esophagus originated in the gastric ulcer of the cardia. In spite of intensive care, she died 45 days after surgery because of renal failure. It was considered that the most important point in the early diagnosis of esophageal rupture was to suspect this disease based on the gastric symptoms followed by the respiratory symptoms and to demonstrate pneumomediastinum in chest X-ray. Chest CT scan performed after the oral administration of contrast medium could be an useful and non-invasive diagnostic procedure.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Lymph node metastases in the thoraco-cervical transitional region in thoracic esophageal cancer--with ultrasonic detection and a comment on the guide lines].

Lymph node metastases in the thoraco-cervical transitional region (TCTR) and its ultrasonic detection were evaluated in 64 patients with thoracic esophageal cancer, who received radical esophagectomy with modified neck dissection. Lymph node metastases in TCTR were found in 19 of 64 cases (29.7%). Nodal metastases in the supraclavicular region were found in similar incidence of 23.4% (15 of 64 cases). Lymph nodes in both regions were infiltrated in 8 cases. Direct metastases to supraclavicular region and metastases in single region of TCTR were indicated in 4 cases equally. The degree of lymph node metastases of 11 patients suffered from middle intra-thoracic esophageal (Im) cancer with nodal involvement in TCTR were divided into three groups, two cases of n2, one of n3 and eight of n4, according to the Guide Lines. Convex type probe excelled in description of TCTR. Swollen lymph nodes were detected in 12 out of 19 cases with metastases by preoperative ultrasound using this probe (sensitivity of 63.2%). Forty-four of 45 cases without metastases were diagnosed as such (specificity of 97.8%). The partition of TCTR in the Guide Lines should be reconsidered for better evaluation of the results on lymph node metastases in this region.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of allergen-specific IgE antibodies by a newly developed mast allergy system].

MAST, which stand for multiple antigen simultaneous test, uses enzyme-linked anti-human IgE and chemiluminogenic substate to determine IgE. This system is characterized by simultaneous analysis of multiple allergen items, up to 35, together with total IgE determination. We evaluated usefulness of this MAST system using 191 serum samples obtained from patients with bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and/or atopic dermatitis. It was found that there were statistically significant correlations between IgE antibody quantification by MAST and RAST in 24 out of 35 allergen items, with correlation coefficients more than r = 0.60. These included Dermatophagoides farinae and pteronyssinus, Japanese cedar pollen, orchard grass, Alternaria, Candida as inhalant allergens; egg white, milk, soybeans, wheat and rice as food allergens. It was also evaluated how many allergen-specific IgE antibodies could be detected in one serum sample. More than six allergen-specific IgE antibodies were simultaneously detected in 33% of 191 cases, indicating the importance of multiple-allergen analysis. These results indicate the clinical usefulness of the MAST allergy system in detecting IgE antibodies in allergic subjects.

Allergens↗
PubMed1989

[Three cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the small intestine].

Three cases of a primary malignant lymphoma of the small intestine are reported. Case 1: a 62-year-old male who underwent an emergency operation for a jejunal perforation of a malignant lymphoma (aneurysmal type, Stage III, diffuse small cell type). The patient is still alive 16 months after the operation. Case 2: A 54-year-old female with complaints of an abdominal pain and anemia was found to have three tumors (one in the jejunum, two in the ileum) that were determined as being malignant lymphomas (all of the aneurysmal type, Stage III, diffuse medium-sized cell types). This patient is still alive 11 months after the operation. Case 3: A 40-year-old male with a complaint of an abdominal pain was found to have a malignant lymphoma of the ileum (aneurysmal type, Stage III, a diffuse medium-sized cell type). This patient died on the 60th day after the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Sympathetic skin response in diabetic neuropathy.

Sympathetic function test was undertaken using the sympathetic skin response (SSR), a technique for assessment of sudomotor activity, in 67 diabetics, and the results were compared with those from 45 age-matched normal subjects. The SSR was readily elicitable in normal subjects, but absent in six patients with diabetes. In 28 patients, the SSR was preserved, but their amplitude was below the normal range. The decrease in the SSR amplitude correlated well with a fall in motor and sensory conduction velocity. The SSR magnitude correlated well to the impaired R-R interval variation during deep breathing and the heart rate increase and the blood pressure change on standing, indicating a close correlation between the disturbance of sudomotor function and that of other sympathetic and parasympathetic functions. Most of the patients with clinical evidence of dysautonomia and with insulin treatment revealed diminished or absent SSR.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

5-Halogeno-3'-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyuridines as inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): potent and selective anti-HIV activity of 3'-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxy-5-chlorouridine.

The novel 5-chloro-, 5-bromo-, and 5-iodo-derivatives of 3'-fluoro-2',3'-dideoxyuridine (FddUrd), designated FddCIUrd, FddBrUrd, and FddIUrd, respectively, have been synthesized and evaluated for their antiretrovirus activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and murine Moloney sarcoma virus. All three 5-halogeno-FddUrd analogues inhibited HIV-1 replication in MT4 cells with an effective dose (ED50) of about 0.2-0.4 microM. However, FddCIUrd was markedly more selective in its anti-HIV-1 activity than FddBrUrd or FddIUrd. The selectivity index of FddCIUrd was similar to that of 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT) when evaluated in parallel (1408 and 1603, respectively). The FddUrd derivatives also had a marked inhibitory effect on HIV-2 replication in MT4 cells and HIV-1 induced antigen expression in HUT-78 cells. However, neither FddUrd nor its 5-halogeno derivatives were inhibitory to Moloney sarcoma virus-induced transformation of murine C3H cells. The anti-HIV-1 activity of FddUrd, FddCIUrd, FddBrUrd, and FddIUrd was reversed by the addition of thymidine and 2'-deoxycytidine. The 5-halogeno-FddUrd analogues had a markedly higher affinity for MT4 thymidine kinase than FddUrd (Ki/Km, 4.0-4.7, as compared with 302 for FddUrd).

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of sustained-release theophylline formulation, Slo-bid, in both single and multiple dosing studies of asthmatic children].

The pharmacokinetics of theophylline in serum and saliva, and the pulmonary functions were examined in seven asthmatic children aged 9-14 years in both single (6.7 +/- 0.8 micrograms/kg) and multiple dosing settings of sustained-release theophylline formulation, Slo-bid, designed for 12-hour dosing intervals. In the single dose study, the mean maximum concentration (Cmax) and the time taken to reach maximum concentration (Tmax) in serum were 5.5 micrograms/ml and 7.3 hours, and the same parameters in saliva were 3.8 micrograms/ml and 7.3 hours. In the multiple dose study which lasted five days, Cmax, the mean minimum concentration (Cmin), the peak-trough fluctuation (delta P-T) and Tmax in plasma were 13.2 micrograms/ml, 9.9 micrograms/ml, 3.3 micrograms/ml and 5.4 hours, and those in saliva were 10.4 micrograms/ml, 7.0 micrograms/ml, 3.4 micrograms/ml and 5.0 hours, respectively. These results, showing a significant correlation, in both single and multiple dose trials, between the theophylline concentration in serum and the improvement of pulmonary function are support the contention that the therapeutic range of theophylline concentration in serum is 5 to 20 micrograms/ml. There was a significant correlation between the concentration in serum and saliva (r = 0.943, p less than 0.001). The predicted concentrations in serum from those in saliva were +/- 3 micrograms/ml of the measured concentrations in 92.8% of measurements. From these results, we concluded that the sustained-release formulation of theophylline, Slo-bid, is suitable for the treatment in asthmatic children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Chronic demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy associated with malignant histiocytosis].

A case of malignant histiocytosis (MH) presenting with peripheral nerve involvement is described. A 67-year-old man initially noted left facial weakness on July 20, 1986. The symptom was improved within a week, however, two weeks later he noticed numbness in his fingers and a burning pain in his legs, which was followed by double vision and progressive weakness in all four limbs. On examination, he was found to have total ophthalmoparesis of the right eye and a trace of the left facial palsy. There was severe weakness of the leg muscles, as well as mild weakness of the arms. This was accompanied by wasting of his limbs. All tendon reflexes were absent. Planter responses were flexor. Although cutaneous sensation was intact, vibratory sense was markedly impaired in the legs below the knees. The sphincter function was mildly disturbed. The sedimentation rate was 32 mm/hr. The hemoglobin was 11.9 g/dl and the leukocyte count was 5,700/mm3. The platelet count fell to 60,000/mm3. Results of routine biochemical and radiological studies were unremarkable. The cerebrospinal fluid protein level was 129 mg/dl with a normal cell count. Motor nerve conduction study revealed marked reduction in amplitude of the compound muscle action potential, slow motor nerve conduction velocities and multifocal conduction blocks along the nerve trunks (the left ulnar nerve in the forearm, the bilateral tibial nerve in the lower leg). F-wave was absent or elicited with prolonged latency and with increased chrono-dispersion. Sensory nerve had normal or nearly normal conduction. EMG sampling showed an impaired interference pattern during voluntary contraction and a few denervation potentials at rest.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[The relationship between respiratory threshold of acetylcholine and clinical course of asthma in children].

The relationship between the respiratory threshold of acetylcholine (Rt-Ach) and the clinical course of asthma was studied in 70 asthmatic patients. RT-Ach was examined by the standard method in Japan. The clinical course of asthma was evaluated according to the daily record of asthmatic symptoms. The observations periods were 1, 6, and 12 months before, and 6 and 12 months after the inhalation test. There was a significant negative correlation between RT-Ach and the total number of days of asthmatic attacks before the inhalation test. However there was no such relationship between the RT-Ach and attacks after the inhalation test. We concluded that RT-Ach might depend on the clinical course of asthma, especially total days of asthmatic attacks before the inhalation test.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1989

[A successful operation of bilateral emphysematous giant bullae in elderly case].

A 77-year-old man who had bilateral giant emphysematous bullae with chronic obstructive lung disease underwent emergent bilateral bullectomy and plication through the median sternotomy approach. He developed critical hemodynamic condition followed by severe hypoxemia (PO2 32.7 Torr) and hypercapnea (PCO2 76.2 Torr) due to the atelectasis of right middle lobe following respiratory infection, which caused the ballooning of the bullae. The operation was done applying Naclerio-Langer's procedures. The postoperative course was excellent without any complications. The patient is doing well fifteen months after the operation. The median sternotomy approach for the simultaneous bilateral pulmonary operation has advantages such as the unnecessity of changing patient's position during the operation, the easiness of operation for bilateral lesion, the possibility of shortening of operation time and reduction of postoperative wound pain compared with the other thoracotomies. In this report, the practical usefulness of this approach, especially in emergency or elderly cases is emphasized.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[A case of remission induced in diffuse pleural malignant mesothelioma by the treatment with cisplatin and doxorubicin].

A 66-year-old male patient with diffuse pleural malignant mesothelioma was successfully treated with cisplatin and doxorubicin. He was admitted to our hospital because of massive pleural effusion. The diagnosis was made by pleural needle biopsy. He received 100 mg of cisplatin and 50 mg of doxorubicin every 5 weeks. Regression of the tumor and decrease of pleural effusion were observed after the treatment. A partial remission of 10 months duration was achieved. Cisplatin and doxorubicin were thought to be the most active cytotoxic agents in the treatment of malignant mesothelioma.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Mechanism of inhibitory effect of glycyrrhizin on replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Glycyrrhizin (GL) achieved a dose-dependent inhibition of the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in MOLT-4 (clone No. 8) cells within the concentration range of 0.075 to 0.6 mM. Within this concentration range, GL also effected a dose-dependent reduction in the protein kinase C (PKC) activity of MOLT-4 (clone No. 8) cells. A well-known PKC inhibitor, 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine dihydrochloride (H-7), also proved inhibitory to HIV-1 replication in MOLT-4 (clone No. 8) cells. PKC inhibition may thus be considered as one of the mechanisms by which GL inhibits HIV-1 replication. In addition, GL may also owe its anti-HIV-1 activity, at least in part, to an interference with virus-cell binding, since the compound at 1.2 mM partially inhibited the adsorption of radiolabeled HIV-1 particles to MT-4 cells. At this concentration GL also suppressed giant cell formation induced by co-culturing MOLT-4 (clone No. 8) cells with MOLT-4/HTLV-IIIB cells, whereas the PKC inhibitor H-7 failed to do so.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1988

Enhancement by prolonged administration of caerulein of experimental carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in rat stomach.

The effect of caerulein on the incidence and histology of gastric adenocarcinomas induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine was investigated in inbred Wistar rats. Prolonged alternate-day administration of caerulein at 10 micrograms/kg body weight after treatment with the carcinogen for 20 weeks significantly increased the incidence and number of adenocarcinomas of the glandular stomach. Histological examination showed that treatment with caerulein had no influence on the histology of induced adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, administration of caerulein resulted in a significant increase in the bromodeoxyuridine-labeling indices of the antral mucosa but did not influence the bromodeoxyuridine-labeling indices of the fundic mucosa and the carcinomas. These findings indicate that caerulein enhances gastric carcinogenesis and that the effect may be related to the promoting effect of caerulein on cell proliferation in the antral mucosa.

Animals↗