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Biomedical subjects

M Baba

Publications and source records attributed to M Baba.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Spontaneous intraorbital hematoma mimicking orbital neoplasm--case report.

A 66-year-old female presented with spontaneous intraorbital hematoma manifesting as left exophthalmos after left eye discomfort persisting for 5 months. She had no history of head injury. Computed tomography revealed a round mass in her left orbit which was slightly high density with no postcontrast enhancement. A blood cyst was extirpated through frontotemporal craniotomy. Histological findings showed no tumor or vascular anomaly. Spontaneous intraorbital hematoma with insidious symptoms is extremely rare and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of orbital mass lesions.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[A case of Sjögren's syndrome complicated with cryoglobulinemia, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and renal tubular acidosis].

A 68-year-old woman had been complained of xerostomia since she was 30 years old. Further symptoms of polyuria, polyposia and insomnia had been developed since she was 35 years old. The biopsy material from a minor salivary gland demonstrated the infiltration of lymphocytes into mesenchyme which was compatible with Sjögren's syndrome. She admitted to our hospital because of myalgia in bilateral gastrocnemius and petechiae in both lower extremities in addition to the complaints described above. Complete blood cell counts on admission revealed hemoglobin 9.7 g/dl, platelet count 12.5 x 10(4)/microliters, and white blood cell count 3,300/microliters. Marked polyuria, polyposia (more than 5,000 ml/day, respectively) and low urine gravity (1.005) were observed, although the serum creatinine level showed normal value. Serologic examination showed that the elevation of total serum protein concentration (9.5 g/dl) with marked elevation of serum IgG level (6,190 mg/dl). Her immunoglobulins contained cryoglobulin (cryocrit 20%), and immunoelectrophoresis demonstrated the existence of IgG-kappa monoclonal protein. A positive anti-nuclear antibody at 1:320 dilution, a positive rheumatoid factor and a positive antibody to SS-A (Ro) were also observed. The serial studies of blood gas analysis could not demonstrated the presence of metabolic acidosis. Together with the result of elevated plasma antidiuretic hormone level and results of vasopressin test, Fishberg's concentrating test and the tests of the overload of NH4Cl or bicarbonate, she was diagnosed Sjögren's syndrome with both diabetes insipidus and subclinical renal tubular acidosis. She was initially medicated with prednisolone (40 mg/day, orally), then she was given six courses of intravenous cyclophosphamide (750 mg/body/month).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1995

[Questionnaire survey on "The guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of asthma" edited by the Japanese Society of Allergology (1993)].

A questionnaire on the evaluation of "The Guidelines on Diagnosis and Management of Asthma" edited by the Japanese Society of Allergology in 1993 was sent to 586 physicians consisting of specialists authorized by the Japanese Society of Allergology and the board members of this Society, who treated patients with bronchial asthma. Of total 306 (52.2%) who responded, 177 (57.8%) answered the questions on adult asthma only, 65 (21.2%) on childhood asthma only and 52 (17.9%) on both adult and childhood asthma. In total, we had 229 respondents on adult asthma and 117 on childhood asthma. As a result, on drug therapy for chronic asthma, it was pointed out that the use of oral anti-allergics, oral steroids and inhaled beta-stimulants was excessive whereas the use of DSCG, inhaled steroids and long acting theophylline was slightly insufficient in both adults and children. On the management of acute episodes, the excessive use of beta-stimulants (inhaled, oral and injections) and the lack of the use of parenteral steroids and oxygen inhalation were pointed out in adults. The lack of oxygen inhalation also got a higher percent in children. Nevertheless, the guidelines were found to be highly regarded as a whole: "Very good" was 6.1% in adults (6.8% in children). "Appropriate" 38.0% (33.3%), "Almost appropriate" 52.0% (52.1%) and "Inappropriate" 3.9% (3.4%).

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A case of Guillain-Barré syndrome with ophthalmoplegia showing high titers of anti-GQ1b and -GD1b antibodies in the serum].

A 24-year-old housewife developed double vision, tingling sensation, and weakness in the legs following a flu-like illness. She then developed dysphagia and difficulty in standing. On admission her eyes were fixed in midline due to ophthalmoplegia. Doll's eye sign was negative. She had severe generalized muscle weakness and no sensory deficits. All tendon reflexes were lost. CSF protein was 58 mg/dl with cell count of 2/mm3. Antibodies to campylobacter jejuni, mycoplasma, EBV, and other microbes were negative. We treated her with plasmapheresis after which she showed rapid clinical recovery, although the ophthalmoplegia improved slightly later. Increased titer of IgG class antibodies to GD1b and to GQ1b, and of IgM antibody to GQ1b, were detected in the serum taken during the acute phase of the illness. In parallel with clinical amelioration, both the anti-GD1b and -GQ1b antibodies decreased in titer, or became negative. Since there is no common epitope to GD1b and GQ1b gangliosides, we speculated that the anti-GD1b and -GQ1b antibodies were induced independently by different antigens in this patient. Moreover, the presence of high titer IgM antibody to GQ1b possible indicates that this patient was at the relatively early stage of infection of unknown microbe, which then induced the IgG antibodies to GD1b and GQ1b by cross sensitization, which might correlate with the tetraplegia and the ophthalmoplegia, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[IgE production and gene expression of interleukin-4 and interferon-gamma by peripheral mononuclear cells in asthmatic children].

In asthmatic children without he egg allergy, spontaneous IgE production of PBMC showed 1.27 +/- 0.28 IU/ml (Mean +/- SE) and IgE production of Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) stimulated PBMC after which IFN-gamma decreased to 0.89 +/- 0.23 IU/ml (Mean +/- SE) (p < 0.001). IgE production of Ovalbumin (OVA) stimulated PBMC after which IFN-gamma showed no decrease. In asthmatic children with hen egg allergy, IgE production of OVA stimulated PBMC and IFN-gamma decreased to 1.0 +/- 0.52 IU/ml (Mean +/- SE). In spontaneous IgE production it was 1.61 +/- 0.91 IU/ml. (p < 0.05). IL-4 mRNA was expressed in spontaneous PBMC in asthmatic children, but not in healthy non atopic children. The expression of IL-4 mRNA was suppressed in Df stimulated PBMC followed by IFN-gamma in asthmatic children. In asthmatic children, IFN-gamma mRNA were expressed in Df stimulated PBMC after which IFN-gamma. And simultaneously IgE production in Df stimulated PBMC were suppressed by addition of IFN-gamma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Two cases of acute massive pulmonary embolism diagnosed by pulmonary angiography with Swan-Ganz catheter].

We report two cases of acute massive pulmonary embolism diagnosed at the bedside by pulmonary angiography with Swan-Ganz catheter. In both cases the patients (women 48 and 49 years old) went into shock after surgery. Pulmonary angiography with Swan-Ganz catheter was done at the bedside to confirm the diagnosis. In both cases this revealed filling defects. Hemodynamics improved after-thrombolytic therapy. In general, pulmonary embolism can be definitively diagnosed by lung perfusion scan or pulmonary angiography. Pulmonary angiography with a Swan-Ganz catheter is useful in hospitals without complicated instruments, but is indicated only for unmovable and unstable patients with hemodynamic problems.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

A case of triple early gastric cancer in the remnant stomach.

A 63-yr-old man, who had undergone distal gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy (Billroth II method) 32 yr previously for duodenal ulcer, was admitted with suspected gastric remnant cancer. An upper gastrointestinal series and endoscopy revealed a protruding lesion at the stoma of the remnant stomach. Total gastrectomy with resection of the adjacent jejunum was performed. Histological examination demonstrated two well-differentiated adenocarcinomas (a mixed type I and IIc lesion with submucosal invasion and a type IIa lesion with intramucosal invasion) and a type IIc mucocellular carcinoma located in the mucosa. Gastritis cystica polyposa also was observed in the remnant stomach. The combination of three early gastric cancers and gastritis cystica polyposa suggests that the mucosa of the remnant stomach had a high malignant potential. The patient has survived without recurrence for 5 yr since the operation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Sensory nerve conduction velocity determined by somatosensory evoked potentials in patients with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type I].

We evaluated sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) determined by somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) components in 2 cases of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy whose sensory nerve action potentials (SNAPs) were not evoked. SEPs elicited by median or ulnar nerve stimulation at the wrist or elbow were recorded from 5 scalp electrodes with ear reference. In both cases, no parietal N20 or frontal P20 component was identified, but a clear parietal P27 component was noted. The onset latency of the P27 component elicited by wrist or elbow stimulation was identified as the point where the superimposed 5 waves diverged. Then, the SCV was obtained by dividing the distance between the wrist and elbow by the onset latency difference. Tibial SCV was also determined by a similar method in one patient. The SCVs of the median, ulnar and tibial nerves were markedly decreased but 10-30% faster than the motor nerve conduction velocities measured concomitantly. We showed that a multichannel scalp recording of SEPs makes it possible to determine the onset latencies of the cortical components. So, SEP testing should be applied to obtain the SCVs in patients whose SNAPs were unrecordable.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Interleukin 1 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with bronchial asthma in remission].

To analyse the change of the immunological response in the remission state of children with bronchial asthma, we studied the interleukin 1 (IL-1) production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from children with bronchial asthma sensitized by mite antigen. After PBMC were cultured for 24 hours with Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the PBMC-derived culture supernatant was estimated for IL-1 alpha and beta by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). PBMC from some of subjects with active asthma produced IL-1 alpha and beta without any stimulation, but not those from controls or subjects in remission. IL-1 alpha and beta production of PBMC stimulated with Df was observed in all three groups, but IL-1 produced by subjects with active asthma was higher than that produced by subjects in the other two groups. Moreover, when PBMC were incubated with LPS, the secretion of both IL-1 alpha and beta was enhanced. PBMC from patients with active asthma produced both IL-1 alpha and beta in amounts comparable to those produced by PBMC from control subjects, but IL-1 production of PBMC from patients in remission was lower than in the other two groups. IL-1 beta production was about ten times as much as IL-1 alpha. Df-induced IL-1 production of PBMC from asthmatic patients sensitized by mite antigen, which was increased in the active state, was down-regulated in the remission state. Moreover, nonspecific stimuli such as LPS may induce the suppressive factors which down-regulate IL-1 production.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Investigation of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in relation to the transmission of bovine Onchocerca and other filariae in central Kyushu, Japan.

In Kyushu, Japan, where a human case of zoonotic onchocerciasis was found, a survey was conducted to know if the bovine Onchocerca species of this region, O. gutturosa, O. lienalis and O. sp., which develop in local Simulium spp., were also transmitted by Culicoides. A total of 17,006 out of 42,582 females of eight Culicoides species captured by light-traps from May to November in 1989 and 1990 at two cattle sheds, one in Oita and one in Kumamoto, were dissected and examine for Onchocerca infection. Overall results showed that none of the species had filarial infections except 4 of 946 C. arakawae, an ornithophilic species, collected in Oita which harboured filarial larvae with a short tail, belonging to Lemdaninae. Unsheathed microfilariae indistinguishable from O. lienalis or O. gutturosa were found in the midgut of only one blood-fed C. matsuzawai collected in Oita. It is concluded that Culicoides species would not be vectors of these three bovine Onchocerca species. Additional collections of Culicoides in a residential area of Oita showed that several filarial species, Lemdaninae and Splendidofilarinae, probably from birds, are transmitted by C. arakawae.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Electrodiagnostic features in inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy].

Demyelinating conduction block is an important hallmark to distinguish chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) from hereditary neuropathies, motor neuron disease and other axonal type neuropathies. The electrodiagnostic criteria of partial conduction block proposed by Asbury and Cornblath, more than 20% drop in CMAP amplitude between proximal and distal sites (e.g. elbow and wrist), may be inadequate, because 20% to 30% drop sometimes occurs in cases with hereditary demyelinating neuropathies. Rhee et al showed that pure temporal dispersion can produce amplitude reduction up to 50% without conduction block. This reduction between elbow and wrist is equivalent to 2% drop/cm. Since lesions are multifocal in CIDP, more than 2% drop/cm in relatively short segments could be a convincing finding of conduction block of CIDP or multifocal motor neuropathy. Our inching study has revealed that chance of lesion is equal from distal to proximal along the nerves of CIDP. However, it is not true in AIDP; most distal sites, roots, and physiological entrapment sites are more fragile, and early demyelination and secondary axonal degeneration start there. Axonal degeneration easily makes demyelinating conduction changes; therefore, in diagnosis of axonal form of AIDP, the possibility of early Wallerian degeneration has to be ruled out by careful follow-up, and delayed F-wave or long-latency units definitely go against the primary axonal pathology.

Axons↗
PubMed1994

Ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor attenuates bombesin enhancement of intestinal carcinogenesis and metastasis induced by azoxymethane.

The effects of combined administration of bombesin (40 micrograms/kg body weight) and the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) inhibitor, 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP), on the development of large and small intestinal tumors and the incidence of their metastasis to the peritoneum induced by azoxymethane (AOM, 7.4 mg/kg body weight), the ODC activity of the intestinal wall, and the labeling index of the intestinal mucosa and tumor were investigated in inbred Wistar rats. Rats received weekly s.c. injections of AOM for 10 weeks, s.c. injections of bombesin every other day, and drinking water containing DAP (2.5 g/l) until the end of the experiment at week 40. Administration of bombesin significantly increased the incidence of intestinal tumors at week 40. It had no influence on the location, size, histological features or depth of involvement of intestinal adenocarcinomas, but significantly increased the incidence of their metastasis to the peritoneum. It also resulted in a significant increase in the intestinal ODC activity and labeling index. Administration of DAP with bombesin significantly reduced the enhancement of intestinal carcinogenesis by bombesin. Although the combined use of DAP with bombesin had little or no influence on the location, size, histological features, or depth of involvement of intestinal cancers, the incidence of their metastasis was significantly reduced. DAP significantly attenuated bombesin enhancement of the intestinal ODC activity and labeling index. These findings indicate that ODC inhibition attenuated the enhancement of intestinal carcinogenesis and metastasis to the peritoneum.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Synthesis of naphthalenesulfonic acid small molecules as selective inhibitors of the DNA polymerase and ribonuclease H activities of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

Over 25 selected naphthalenesulfonic acid derivatives were evaluated for their inhibitory effect on two different functional domains of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), namely the ribonuclease H and DNA polymerase activities. Most of the analogues were found to be either specific toward the DNA polymerase activity or showed nonselective inhibition of both catalytic functions. The most active compounds are either symmetrical derivatives or nonsymmetrical derivatives containing a lipophilic appendage consisting of a palmitoyl or cholesteryl moiety. The six most active compounds in the preliminary screen, derivatives 6, 16, 17, 23, 26, and 27, were subjected to experiments to determine their 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the assays that measure RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (RDDP), DNA-dependent DNA polymerase (DDDP), and ribonuclease H (RNase H) functions of HIV-1 RT. The most potent derivative was a nonsymmetric cholesterol-linked 4-amino-5-hydroxy-2,7-naphthalenedisulfonic acid analogue, compound 23, which demonstrated an IC50 value of 0.06 microM for inhibiting RDDP activity. Inhibition of DDDP and RNase H activity for this compound was demonstrated at concentrations that were over 100-fold of that for inhibiting RDDP activity. However, the potency of this active compound does not correlate in the whole virus assay, probably due to a lack of cellular entry. The cholesterol derivative, 23, also possesses HIV-1 protease inhibitory activity and belongs to a unique class of multifunctional HIV-1 inhibitors.

Cholesterol↗