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Biomedical subjects

M B Walker

Publications and source records attributed to M B Walker.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The distribution of arteriolosclerosis along the arterioles in DOCA hypertensive rats.

The development of structural changes along the length of small arterioles (mean internal diameter 20-30 microns) was studied in uninephrectomized DOCA/salt hypertensive rats over a period of 10 weeks, by casting the arteriolar branchings in the ileum with Microfil (coloured silicone rubber). Along with a reduction in mean arteriolar diameter, irregular structural changes, manifested as focal narrowings along the arteriolar lengths, developed in the hypertensive animals, becoming most marked after 8-10 weeks. The severity of the changes appeared to be related to both the level and duration of the hypertension. The irregular nature of the changes is difficult to account for on the basis of any direct local pressure effect.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Face to face with Sturge-Weber syndrome.

ISSUES AND PURPOSE: Chronic illness is a way of life for parents of children with Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS), a rare progressive congenital disease that has as its defining feature a port wine stain. This case study describes the experience of one family living with a child with SWS. CONCLUSIONS: This family's struggle with a devastating syndrome and the ways in which they coped and maintained hope inform all those who care for families living with a chronically ill, disabled child. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Social support is critical for families facing overwhelming care needs. Families also need anticipatory guidance about child rearing, developmental milestones, decision making, and coping strategies. Additionally, families may need help in mobilizing professional and family resources and in effectively using available services.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lower intraoperative flap complication rate with the Hansatome microkeratome compared to the Automated Corneal Shaper.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare the incidence of intraoperative flap complications, such as partial flaps, donut-shaped flaps, central corneal cuts, and complete caps with the Hansatome and Automated Corneal Shaper (ACS) microkeratomes. METHODS: All laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) procedures performed by a single surgeon with the Hansatome or Automated Corneal Shaper in which intraocular pressure was verified with a pneumotonometer were reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 90 eyes had LASIK with the ACS microkeratome. Six of the ACS eyes (6.7%) had intraoperative flap complications (4 partial flaps, 1 donut-shaped flap, 0 central corneal cuts, 1 complete cap). Partial flaps and donut-shaped flaps were replaced without laser application and the procedure repeated 2 to 3 months later. Two of these eyes lost 2 lines and one lost 1 line of spectacle-corrected visual acuity at 6 months after repeat LASIK. The eye with the donut-shaped flap was treated with transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and had no change in spectacle-corrected visual acuity at 6 months after PRK. The eye with the complete cap had no change in spectacle-corrected visual acuity after laser ablation. Five hundred ninety-eight (598) eyes had LASIK with the Hansatome microkeratome. Two of the Hansatome eyes (0.3%) had a flap complication (1 partial flap and 1 donut-shaped flap). The first eye retained spectacle-corrected visual acuity at 6 months after repeat LASIK. The second eye had transepithelial PRK to eliminate the donut shaped flap with no loss of spectacle-corrected visual acuity at 6 months after surgery. The difference in flap complications between the two procedures was statistically significant (P < .01). There were no flap displacements following surgery in either group. CONCLUSION: Intraoperative flap complications are less likely to occur with the Hansatome microkeratome than with the ACS microkeratome.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High risk behaviours related to maternal and child health.

BACKGROUND: The excessive high maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity figures characteristic of our community could be linked with maternal high-risk behaviours during pregnancy, delivery and postnatal periods. This cross-sectional questionnaire study assessed the prevalence of these behaviours among mothers in Ibadan. METHODS: Consecutive mothers attending infant welfare clinics of selected formal health facilities in Ibadan within 6 weeks of delivery were interviewed with a questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 500 women interviewed, only 2.4% did not receive any antenatal care, 87.7% commenced care after first semester (57.2% and 30.5% in the second and third trimesters respectively). Twenty-five percent, 7.5% and 4.8% received no malaria prophylaxis, no tetanus immunisation, and iron preparations during pregnancy respectively. Seventeen percent (16.9%) received incomplete tetanus immunisation. Thirty percent (30%) of the women delivered out of formal health facilities, in church-based maternity and at home. While 91.4% received group breastfeeding counselling, 72% received group counselling specifically on exclusive breastfeeding. Eighty-four percent of the babies were not exclusively breast-fed, with 62.9%, 26.8% and 4.6% receiving supplementation with water, herbal preparations and artificial milk respectively. Sixty-seven percent of the babies received first immunisation after the first week of delivery. Prevalence of high risk behaviours related to maternal and child health care were not significantly different among the women utilising formal health facilities irrespective of the level, but were significantly higher among women who did not. CONCLUSION: A high prevalence of high-risk behaviours during pregnancy, delivery and postnatal periods, despite the availability of services, has been highlighted. There is a need to promote optimal utilization of existing services. There may be a need for quality assurance of these services.

Adult↗