Biomedical subjects
M B Miller
Publications and source records attributed to M B Miller.
Genomic scanning and the transmission/disequilibrium test: analysis of error rates.
A multi-allelic extension of the transmission/disequilibrium test (TDT) was applied to quantitative data from GAW10 Problem 2A by using thresholds to define affection status. Every one of 367 marker loci was screened. It was found that TDT results at neighboring loci are uncorrelated in these data (where the markers are in linkage equilibrium). It was also found that the chi-square statistics for both tests are larger than they should be so that the probability of false linkage detections is increased. Alternative approaches to the chi-square should be considered for assessing statistical significance. Results at marker D5G15 were strong, probably because of linkage without association.
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome.
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is an uncommon but potentially fatal adverse effect that can occur from exposure to phenytoin, carbamazepine, or phenobarbital. It has diverse clinical features and a variable presentation which results in a delay in making the diagnosis. The syndrome commonly begins within 3 weeks after initiation of an anticonvulsant. Patients typically present with a constellation of fever, usually followed by the development of a rash of variable severity and type, and lymphadenopathy. In patients presenting with these features, the clinician should have a high index of suspicion for AHS.
Crotalid snake envenomation.
Over 5000 Americans suffer from snake bites annually, and of these, nearly one quarter are from poisonous species. Although these cases are undeniably reported, death appears to occur in only a few cases each year, and often reflects delay in obtaining medical care. Two families of venomous snake indigenous to the United States account for most envenomations: Crotalidae (pit vipers or new world vipers) and Elapidae. This article focuses on the snakes of the Crotalidae family.
The use of likelihood-based confidence intervals in genetic models.
This article describes the computation and relative merits of likelihood-based confidence intervals, compared to other measures of error in parameter estimates. Likelihood-based confidence intervals have the advantage of being asymmetric, which is often the case with structural equation models for genetically informative studies. We show how the package Mx provides confidence intervals for parameters and functions of parameters in the context of a simple additive genetic, common, and specific environment threshold model for binary data. Previously published contingency tables for major depression in adult female twins are used for illustration. The support for the model shows a marked skew as the additive genetic parameter is systematically varied from zero to one. The impact of allowing different prevalence rates in MZ vs. DZ twins is explored by fitting a model with separate threshold parameters and comparing the confidence intervals. Despite the improvement in fit of the different prevalence model, the confidence intervals on all parameters broaden, owing to their covariance.
Magical ideation and social anhedonia as predictors of psychosis proneness: a partial replication.
The authors compared college students identified by high scores on the Magical Ideation Scale (M. Eckblad & L. J. Chapman, 1983) and the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale (MagSoc; n = 28; M. Eckblad, L. J. Chapman, J. P. Chapman, & M. Mishlove, 1982) with control participants (n = 20) at a 10-year follow-up assessment in an attempt to replicate L. J. Chapman, J. P. Chapman, T. R. Kwapil, M. Eckblad, and M. C. Zinser's (1994) report of heightened psychosis proneness in MagSoc individuals. The MagSoc group exceeded the control group on severity of psychotic-like experiences; ratings of schizotypal, paranoid, and borderline personality disorder symptoms; and rates of mood and substance use disorders. Two of the MagSoc participants but none of the control participants developed psychosis during the follow-up period (a nonsignificant difference). Consistent with L. J. Chapman et al.'s findings, the groups did not differ on rates of personality disorders or relatives with psychosis.
Intentional caffeine poisoning in an infant.
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Anecdotal, clinical evaluation: a catalyst for the evolution of dentistry.
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Restoring Class V lesions Part I: Carious lesions.
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Class III composite restorations.
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Intraoral porcelain repairs with composite.
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Enamel microabrasion: is it still a viable procedure?
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Rest in peace, G. V. Black: Part II.
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Rest in peace, G.V. Black: Part I.
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Transcranial magnetic stimulation: delays in visual suppression due to luminance changes.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to investigate the delays in visual processing time produced by changes in luminance. By administering a magnetic pulse over the occipital pole 80-140 ms after the onset of visual stimuli, we could suppress perception of a four-digit number within a 30 ms time window. Commensurate with previous studies of visual processing latencies, a drop in luminance from 3.52 logTd to 2.61 logTd delayed the peak of the suppression window by 8.9 ms, while a further drop from 2.61 logTD to 1.75 logTd delayed the peak by an additional 15.4 ms. This study validates the use of TMS as a psychophysical tool.
Deviant olfactory experiences as indicators of risk for psychosis.
Olfactory hallucinations, although relatively rare, are reportedly indicative of serious psychopathology and poor prognosis in psychotic patients. This article describes the development of a rating scale for assessing olfactory experiences of psychotic and psychoticlike deviancy. The scale is modeled after Chapman and Chapman's rating scales for other psychoticlike experiences, which have been found to predict psychosis and psychosis-proneness. In a longitudinal study, college students who reported deviant olfactory experiences at their initial assessment (n = 31) exceeded the remaining subjects (n = 477) on DSM-III-R psychosis and on measures of psychosis proneness at a 10-year followup. Furthermore, hypothetically psychosis-prone subjects identified by the Perceptual Aberration and Magical Ideation scales exceeded control subjects on ratings of olfactory experiences at both initial and followup assessments.
Effect of restorative materials on microleakage of Class II composites.
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