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M B Edmond

Publications and source records attributed to M B Edmond.

40 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis in a renal transplant unit: application of a new technique for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates.

From January 1990 through February 1991, tuberculosis (TB) developed in 10 renal transplant (RT) patients at one hospital; 5 patients died. Possible nosocomial transmission was investigated. Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates were compared by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) by a polymerase chain reaction method. The source case occurred in an RT patient (source) who had posttransplant exposure to TB at another hospital. The source patient was rehospitalized on the RT unit; diagnosis of TB and thus isolation precautions were delayed. Epidemiologic and RFLP analysis showed transmission from the source to 5 RT patients and 1 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient. M. tuberculosis isolates from 4 RT patients had other RFLP patterns. The median incubation period for TB in RT patients was 7.5 weeks (range, 5-11). Bronchoscopy and intubation of the source patient and inadequate ventilation on the RT unit possibly increased transmission. Early detection of TB and effective isolation are essential to prevent nosocomial transmission.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influenza vaccination of health care workers: evaluation of factors that are important in acceptance.

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the associations between putative occupational and epidemiologic determinants and influenza vaccine acceptance among health care workers during two consecutive seasons. METHODS: Multiple logistic regression models were developed to identify predictors of vaccine acceptance during 1991-1992, then validated in the subsequent year. A combined repeated-measures regression model using generalized estimating equations was fit to examine workers' vaccine acceptance over the 2-year period. RESULTS: Nearly one-third of hospital employees received influenza vaccine each year [2,364 of 7,320 (32%) in 1991-1992 vs 2,679 of 8,632 (31%) in 1992-1993]. Independent predictors among nurse clinicians included older age, higher salary, longer employment, and minimal absenteeism. Female sex, marriage, higher salary, and employment duration were independent predictors for professional support staff. Older age was the only independent predictor among nonprofessional staff. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that older individuals, those with higher socioeconomic status, and those employed longer are more likely to accept the influenza vaccine. Sex, marital status, and prior work absenteeism are also important predictors in specific groups of health care workers.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The impact of hospital-acquired bloodstream infections.

Nosocomial bloodstream infections are a leading cause of death in the United States. If we assume a nosocomial infection rate of 5%, of which 10% are bloodstream infections, and an attributable mortality rate of 15%, bloodstream infections would represent the eighth leading cause of death in the United States. Because most risk factors for dying after bacteremia or fungemia may not be changeable, prevention efforts must focus on new infection-control technology and techniques.

Cross Infection↗