Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M B Adams

Publications and source records attributed to M B Adams.

122 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Posttransplant hypersplenism.

Posttransplant hypersplenism, manifested by leukopenia and azathioprine intolerance, can be diagnosed with a high degree of accuracy and promptly reversed by emergency splenectomy. Functioning cadaver kidney homograft survival rates in patients undergoing posttransplant splenectomy are equal to that of patients undergoing pretransplant splenectomy and are statistically superior (p less than 0.01) to recipients who have never had their spleens removed. However, mortality (21%) for posttransplant splenectomy is excessively high when compared to our mortality (1.3%) for pretransplant splenectomy.

Azathioprine↗
PubMed1979

Plasmapheresis in the treatment of renal allograft rejection.

Thirty-four patients with renal allograft rejection unresponsive to conventional therapy underwent plasmapheresis. Twenty-four patients evidenced prompt and marked improvement and were discharged. Seventeen of these are presently stable off dialysis. Ten patients were not improved and required return to dialysis and/or transplant nephrectomy. Four hour warm, complement-dependent crossmatches which had become positive following transplant became negative following plasmapheresis in 3 patients who now have stable long-term function. Plasmapheresis appears promising in the treatment of refractory acute renal allograft rejection.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1979

Hypercoagulability: a cause of vascular access failure.

In a group of 58 patients requiring tertiary vascular access procedures for maintenance of hemodialysis, 29 patients who thrombosed well-functioning fistulas were evaluated for both antithrombin deficiencies as well as platelet hyperaggreability. Thirteen of these 29 patients were found to have one or more coagulation defects. Following correction of the hypercoagulable state, tertiary vascular access procedures, using autologous tissues, were 100% successful in these 13 patients.

Antithrombin III Deficiency↗
PubMed1977

Familial polyposis.

Familial polyposis is a genetically-transmitted disease characterized by multiple adenomatous colorectal polyps and a high risk for development of adenocarcinoma. Familial polyposis and Gardner's syndrome should be differentiated from other penetically-linked polyposis syndromes lacking a predisposition for cancer. Total colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis, aggressive follow-up and intensive surveillance of non-polyp bearing relatives can reduce the risk of developing cancer. From an epidemiologic point of veiw, polyposis is a valuable model for the study of the interaction of genetic and environmental factors in the genesis of colon cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Surgical and medical measures in prevention of large bowel cancer.

Traditional methods for prevention of large bowel cancer rely on surveillance of patients with known precursors of bowel cancer, namely ulcerative colitis and those genetically linked polyposis syndromes that have malignant potential. Identification of heritable bowel cancer families and solitary polyp--cancer families provide additional populations that merit intensive scrutiny. Persuasive, if circumstantial, evidence suggests that maintaining patients free of large bowel polyps reduces the risk of developing large bowel cancer. Prospects for prevention of large bowel cancer are extended by recognition that a diet low in fat may reduce the risk of large bowel cancer. Furthermore, there is considerable evidence in animals that a variety of antioxidants limit large bowel carcinogenesis and preliminary evidence in man that these agents may control large bowel neoplasia.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1975

Effect of ascorbic acid on rectal polyps of patients with familial polyposis.

Evidence for dehydrogenation by fecal bacteria in the genesis of colon cancer suggested that an antioxidant might modify these mechanisms. Ascorbic acid, 3 Gm. daily, was given to five patients who had active rectal adenomatous polyp formation long after ileorectal anastomosis for familial polyposis. During a 4 to 13 month study, rectal polyps disappeared in two, regressed partially in two, and increased in one. Among three additional treated patients with rectal polyps, one had a reduction in polyps and two were unaffected.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetic evaluation of a new oral cyclosporine formulation.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare the pharmacokinetics of a new oral cyclosporine preparation with those of cyclosporine solution diluted in Isocal and the intravenous formulation. DESIGN: Randomized, crossover trial. SETTING: Tertiary care referral center. PATIENTS: Seven pediatric liver transplant recipients who were receiving oral cyclosporine as part of their immunosuppressive regimen. All patients completed the study. INTERVENTIONS: Pharmacokinetic studies were performed with the intravenous and oral dosage forms. Patients received one dose of intravenous cyclosporine, and then were randomized to receive their usual oral cyclosporine dose incorporated into a chocolate wafer or mixed with Isocal. After a minimum of 3 days, the alternative preparation was administered. Serial cyclosporine blood samples were collected at predetermined intervals for 12 hours after the third dose for each regimen. Concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The data for the three dosage forms were fit simultaneously with a two-compartment model. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: No difference was seen in F, ka, Cmax, and tmax between the two oral cyclosporine preparations (p > 0.05). No new rejection episodes occurred during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude there is no difference in the bioavailability of the oral solution and the chocolate formulation. We believe the new preparation may increase patient compliance and ensure administration of a complete dose compared with the currently marketed solution.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical efficacy of the Abbott Tacrolimus II assay for the IMx.

Monitoring tacrolimus is essential to maintain therapeutic concentrations. Performance of the new Abbott Tacrolimus assay (FK II) was evaluated and compared to the original tacrolimus assay (FK I). 189 trough whole blood samples from transplant cases were included in the study. Samples (n = 117) with FK I concentrations > 5 ng/mL were reanalyzed with the FK II assay. Patient samples (n = 43) that had FK I concentration < 5 ng/mL with apparent mean and range of 3.1 ng/mL and 0.7 to 4.5 ng/mL, respectively, were also reanalyzed with FK II to yield a mean of 5.9 ng/mL with a range of 2.9 to 10.8 ng/mL. Checking for patient compliance, samples (n = 10) with a FK I concentration of 0 ng/mL were re-analyzed. With one exception of a mislabeled cyclosporine sample, all samples (n = 9) showed FK506 levels greater than 2 ng/mL with the FK II assay. The FK II assay was shown to be a clinically efficacious assay, with improved sensitivity and acceptable precision versus the previous FK I assay.

Adult↗