Axial anisotropy of Co2+ in CdS from magnetization-step and high-frequency EPR.
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Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
M Averous
Publications and source records attributed to M Averous.
Reflectivity and photoluminescence measurements in ZnS epilayers grown by metal-organic chemical-vapor deposition.
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Journal Article↗
Magnetic properties of a layered and anisotropic rhombohedral compound: Bi2(1-x)Gd2xTe3.
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Journal Article↗
Plasma levels of oxybutynine chloride in children.
Anticholinergic adverse-effects in children treated with conventional doses of oxybutynine led us to measure plasma oxybutynine levels in children. 18 children, aged 5 to 13 y, who required treatment with oxybutynine chloride for daytime incontinence were studied. Plasma concentrations were measured on the fifth day of a course of treatment in which the dose was adapted to the child's body weight; the dose was given twice daily at 12-hour intervals. In 10 children aged between 5 and 8 y, the mean dose was 0.1 mg.kg-1. In 8 children aged between 10 and 13 years, the mean dose was 0.15 mg.kg-1. The highest concentration was usually found between 1 and 2 h after administration. The subsequent fall in concentration was rapid and after 6 h oxybutynine was no longer measurable in 14 of the children. The concentrations found were not different from those seen in adults given equivalent doses. The results show that plasma concentrations in children were not very different from those observed in adults if the dose were adapted to the body weight of the children. No special differences in paediatric use were revealed that might explain the particular adverse-effects. The results of the study argue against the dosage regimen proposed before these adverse events were detected. They strongly favour a dose adapted to the body weight of the child, with a 12-hour interval between doses.
Adolescent↗
Urinary calcium oxalate saturation in 'stone formers' and normal subjects: an application of the EQUIL2 program.
OBJECTIVE: To produce an index of lithogenic risk which identifies patients at risk of stone recurrence and facilitates the monitoring of prophylactic treatments. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The EQUIL2 program provides an evaluation of the state of urinary saturation, particularly of calcium oxalate, based on the pH and total concentrations (mmol/l) of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, uric acid, chloride, ammonium, citrate, phosphate, sulphate, oxalate, pyrophosphate and carbon dioxide. The morning urinary calcium oxalate saturation coefficient was thus calculated for 30 stone-formers (Group 1) and 30 normal control subjects (Group 2). RESULTS: Urine from the majority of individuals was saturated, with no significant difference between the two groups. There appeared to be a correlation between the state of saturation and the urinary calcium oxalate molar product in both stone-formers (r = 0.931) and controls (r = 0.914). CONCLUSION: In future studies on urinary calcium oxalate saturation, it should be possible to supplement the sophisticated coefficient determined by the EQUIL2 program with the molar product, except in cases where monitoring therapies have little or no effect on urinary oxalate or urinary calcium levels.
Adult↗
[Fundamental bases of urinary oxalo-calcic lithogenesis].
Oxalo-calcic lithogenesis is a multifactorial and complex phenomenon leading to the formation of stones from crystals which originate, grow and agglomerate in the urinary tract. The over-saturation of calcium oxalate in the urine is a fundamental element of the processus which goes through successive stages under the influence of promoting or inhibiting agents. The coefficient of over-saturation corresponds to the ratio of ioniclly active products and the thermodynamic solubility and depends not only on the type of crystal but also on the surrounding environment, in particular its ionic force. Crystals of uric acid, sodium urate and brushite urate are the main activators of oxalo-calcic lithogenesis and cirate, magnesium and pyrophosphates and different protein compounds (nephrocalcin, Tam-Horsfall protein) are the main inhibitors. These pathophysiologic features have a direct effect on adapted prophylactic management of the often recurrent oxalo-calcic urinary lithiasis.
Calcium Oxalate↗
Transport phenomena in the Co-based zero-gap semimagnetic semiconductor: Hg1-xCoxSe.
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Journal Article↗
Sleep polygraphic studies using cystomanometry in twenty patients with enuresis.
Polygraphic exploration during sleep using cystomanometry was performed in 20 patients aged 7-17 years with primary (17) or secondary (3) enuresis. In this group of patients, 9 presented with isolated nocturnal enuresis while 11 patients had associated diurnal micturition troubles. During this study we documented 24 episodes of enuresis. There was no disturbance in sleep architecture or correlation between the uncontrolled micturition and any particular state or stage of sleep. Most episodes of enuresis occurred in a unique pattern in which a sudden or progressive intravesical increased pressure was associated with an awakening reaction. From a physiopathologic point of view, our findings are in favor of immaturity of the central system of inhibition of micturition reflex during sleep.
Adolescent↗
[Ballistic (Lithoclast) and hydro-electric (Riwolith) endo-ureteral lithotripsy. Report of 60 cases].
25 hydroelectric endoureteric lithotripsies (Group 1, Riwolith) and 35 ballistic endoureteric lithotripsies (Group 2, Lithoclast) were analysed. 60 stones were treated, including 18 pelvic stones (Group 1 : 10, Group 2 : 8), 39 iliolumbar stones (Group 1 : 14, Group 2 : 25), and 3 stones of the ureteropelvic junction (Group 1 : 1, Group 2 : 2). The mean maximal diameter was 9.9 mm (Group 1 : 8.2, Group 2 : 11). Complementary Dormia extraction was performed in 24 cases (Group 1 : 8, Group 2 : 16), 55 double J stents were implanted (Group 1 : 24, Group 2 : 31) and 23 immediate ECL sessions were performed (Group 1 : 8, Group 2 : 15). Overall, 57 good results were recorded, but 3 complete failures of fragmentation and 2 severe ureteric lesions were attributed to hydroelectric lithotripsy. The Lithoclast, much less traumatic, had a greater stone fragmentation potential, but its efficacy on very mobile stones is limited due to its more intense stone propulsion effect.
Adult↗
[Cancer of the testis after Hodgkin's disease. Apropos of 2 cases].
We report about two cases of cancer of the testis occurring 2 and 7 years after Hodgkin's disease treated with combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy. From an etiopathogenic point of view, this association may, of course, be accidental, but it may also have an iatrogenic origin or be caused by contiguous carcinogenesis, or even by an immune deficiency. In addition to orchidectomy, the therapeutic history of these patients requires an adaptation of the treatment of their tumors of the testes.
Adult↗
[Piezoelectric extracorporeal lithotripsy in children: first results and reflections after 18 sessions].
From 1988 to 1990, we treated 13 children between the ages of 2 and 15 years with stones of the upper urinary tract. These stones were treated by means of 18 sessions of piezoelectric extracorporeal lithotripsy: 14 under general anaesthesia and 4 without even any analgesia. We obtained an 84.5% success rate with no particular adverse effects. These results are similar to those reported for hydroelectric or electromagnetic shock wave lithotripsy, which are associated with a higher morbidity. The efficacy of extracorporeal lithotripsy in paediatrics is remarkable, but clinical studies in adults as well as animal experimentations have demonstrated severe renal contusion and do not formally exclude the possibility of delayed complications. At the present time, this technique should therefore be used very cautiously and must be accompanied by systematic prevention of recurrent stones.
Adolescent↗
[Endo-urologic treatment of ureteral fistulas occurring after pelvic surgery for carcinoma: report of 5 cases].
The authors report 5 cases of ureteric fistula after radical pelvic cancer surgery. Three patients had a recurrent tumour and 3 had received radiotherapy. Endourological methods achieved 4 immediately satisfactory results, but only one complete long-term success. Isolated percutaneous drainage of the pyelocaliceal cavities effectively dried up the urine leak, but carried a high risk of secondary stenosis of the excretory tract in the absence of concomitant intubation of the fistula zone. However, endourological treatment, combined with urinary diversion and catheterisation of the pathological ureter, represented a reliable alternative to conventional surgery.
Abdominal Neoplasms↗
[Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava].
The authors report a case of leiomyosarcoma of the infrarenal inferior vena cava presenting as an abdominal mass. CT and MR imaging and immunotyping led to the diagnosis of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma whose origin in the inferior vena cava was only confirmed by histological examination of the resection specimen. Surgical resection was followed by radiotherapy (4,500 rads) with a favourable course after 12 months. The progress in medical imaging and histology has considerably simplified the diagnosis of these rare retroperitoneal tumours. In the absence of any truly effective adjuvant therapy, treatment essentially consists of surgery and the clinical course is characterised by a high incidence of local recurrences.
Humans↗
[Abdominal contusions in children. Diagnosis and treatment of renal lesions. Apropos of 26 cases].
During the past ten years, we have treated 26 children with closed renal injuries. Hematuria appeared in 19 cases, but was not detected in 7 other cases, 6 of which corresponded to severe, especially pedicular, lesions. The diagnostic means for the lesion included IVP in 24 cases, ultrasonography in 23, angiography in 8 and computed tomography in 7. The treatment was medical for 18 children and surgical for 8. Observation revealed 4 cases of renal atrophy, including 1 of general atrophy without residual arterial hypertension. On the basis of this series and of a review of the literature, we study the evolution of the diagnosis and treatment of this condition with the development of new medical imaging techniques, especially of CT.
Adolescent↗
[Abdominal injuries in children. Diagnosis and treatment of renal lesions. Apropos of 26 cases].
During the past ten years, we have treated 26 children with closed renal injuries. Hematuria appeared in 19 cases, but was not detected in 7 other cases, 6 of which corresponded to severe, especially pedicular, lesions. The diagnostic means for the lesion included IVP in 24 cases, ultrasonography in 23, angiography in 8 and computed tomography in 7. The treatment was medical for 18 children and surgical for 8. Observation revealed 4 cases of renal atrophy, including 1 of general atrophy without residual arterial hypertension. On the basis of this series and of a review of the literature, we study the evolution of the diagnosis and treatment of this condition with the development of new medical imaging techniques, especially of CT.
Abdominal Injuries↗
[Enuresis: the viewpoint of the urologist].
After a description of the bladder-sphincter system physiology and of the different stages in the acquisition of micturition control by children, as revealed by urodynamic explorations, the author presents the bladder immaturity syndrome. This entity includes diurnal disorders of micturition--such as urgencies, pollakiuria, more seldom retention and incontinence--which can readily be identified by questioning. It accounts for many cases of nocturnal enuresis which may benefit from treatment with anticholinergic drugs. Nocturnal enuresis without disorders of micturition in daytime is due to other physiopathological mechanisms. It is preferably treated with tricyclic antidepressants and other non-medicinal therapies. All cases should be investigated for a possible organic pathology. A practical classification of enuresis is given.
Adult↗
[Lower urinary infections of functional origin in young girls].
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Child↗
[Early surgery of obstructive uropathies discovered antenatally. First results apropos of 56 cases].
Between September 1984 and April 1988, 56 children underwent surgery for an obstructive uropathy discovered on antenatal ultrasound examination. These included 31 cases of stenosis of the pyelo-ureteral junction (PUJ), 9 cases of vesicorenal reflux, 6 mega-ureters (MU), 6 ureteroceles, 3 posterior urethral valves and 1 ectopic ureteral orifice. Major reflux (type III and IV) was included within the obstructive uropathy classification in that it opposes the normal pressure gradient which ensures progression of urine towards the bladder. The nature of the obstruction, morphological study of the kidneys and the renal function itself were very precisely studied and monitored (IVU, ultrasound, isotope tests, DTPA with frusemide and DMSA). In 46 children reconstructive and conservative surgery was possible. Analysis of the various groups of uropathy showed that: 1. Stenosis of the JPU had a very favorable or sometimes spectacular outcome both functionally and morphologically. 2. Cases of reflux showed excellent results, except in the presence of preexisting major renal dysplasia. 3. Mega-ureters had a less good prognosis. Renal growth depended above all on the degree of renal dysplasia which was often associated. 4. This was also true for sever forms of posterior urethral valves. A discussion follows which tries to reply to the following questions: 1. Why does early surgery for stenosis of the JPU give better results? 2. On the other hand, why is the same benefit not obtained in the other obstructive uropathies?
Female↗