Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Ashworth.
Haemophilus influenzae type b is a rare cause of adult lobar pneumonia and we are unaware of any reported British cases. However in the United States this condition is well described and the incidence is increasing (Levin et al. 1977).
A study was carried out in 14 patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis to compare serum levels of sulphasalazine and some of its metabolites after 7-days' treatment orally with 1 g sulphasalazine 3-times daily followed by 7-days' treatment with a 3 g sulphasalazine enema daily. The results showed that, although there were wide individual variations in levels after oral and rectal administration, with the same dosage the levels were far higher when the drug was given orally. Dose-related side-effects such as nausea and headache have been shown previously to occur more commonly with high serum levels of sulphapyridine to which sulphasalazine is metabolized. Levels after rectal administration were below those normally associated with side-effects. In view of the finding that at least 70% of patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis respond to rectal treatment it is suggested that this route of administration should be considered for patients experiencing side-effects after oral sulphasalazine.
Benign mesenchymoma is a mixed tumour of mesenchymal derivatives composed of a mixture of two or more mesenchymal elements in addition to fibrous tissue. Two cases of this tumour of the stomach are reported. As far as can be ascertained, there has been no previous report of gastric mesenchymoma.
The delay in diagnosis of 106 patients with adult coeliac disease, diagnosed between 1976 and 1980, was studied. Overall, delay in diagnosis was 11 +/- 10.6 years, being considerably greater in females (12.8 +/- 7.8 years) than in males (3.5 +/- 9.8 years). Most of this delay occurred prior to hospital referral, although that following referral to hospital clinics was still significant (1.8 +/- 4.8 years). The most common presenting complaints were lassitude (75%) anaemia (65%) and flatulence (50%). Typical gastro-intestinal symptoms were relatively uncommon and mild, but when present led to a more speedy diagnosis. It is concluded that, despite advances in modern diagnostic procedures, little progress has been made in hastening the diagnosis of coeliac disease.
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A temperature sensitive variant (ts13) of African green monkey kidney cell line, carrying a temperature sensitive lesion in thymidine metabolism, was transformed by 40 μg/ml of methylnitrosourea (MNU) at the restricted temperature of 39·5°C, whereas the same cell line was not transformed by MNU at the permissive temperature of 33°C. Results presented in this paper raise the possibility that clones of cells carrying a biochemical lesion might possibly contribute to carcinogenesis with respect to certain chemical carcinogens.
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We report a case of fetal parvovirus B19 infection which appears to have resulted in hydrops in the first trimester. An ultrasound scan performed at the booking visit of a woman in the first trimester showed generalised oedema. Karyotyping to exclude a fetal abnormality was normal. Maternal radioimmunoassay serological investigations showed parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM. Post-mortem analysis revealed intranuclear inclusion bodies typical of parvovirus in the erythroid cells in the liver and in the myocardium.