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Biomedical subjects

M Ashour

Publications and source records attributed to M Ashour.

35 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Prevalence of ectopic thymic tissue in myasthenia gravis and its clinical significance.

Forty patients with myasthenia gravis underwent maximal thymectomy. Complete histologic study findings were available for 38 patients. The prevalence of ectopic thymic tissue was 39.5% (15 of 38). On the basis of the presence or absence of ectopic thymic tissue, patients were divided into two groups: group I had ectopic thymic tissue and group II had no ectopic thymic tissue. Male/female ratio was almost equal (1.1:1) in group I, whereas in group II the ratio was 1:2.8. The duration of the disease was less than 1 year in 80% of group I and 47.8% of group II patients (p = 0.05). Furthermore, ectopic thymic tissue (group I) was associated with poor outcome of operation (p = 0.003). Only 2 (13.3%) of 15 patients in group I had complete remission as compared with 11 (47.8%) of 23 patients in group II. Thus it appears that the presence of ectopic thymic tissue not only modifies some of the clinical parameters of myasthenia gravis, but also could serve as a prognostic factor in predicting the outcome of operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Contribution of ventilation and perfusion lung imaging to the management of patients with bronchiectasis.

Sixty patients were studied with ventilation-perfusion (V-P) lung scans for suspected bronchiectasis. Bronchography showed bronchiectatic changes in 51 patients. Lobar and segmental matched defects were seen on V-P scans in 53 patients, of which only 46 were true positives (sensitivity 90%). V-P lung scans showed the site and extent of bronchiectatic lesions; 48 (72.7%) in the left lung and 18 (27.3%) in the right lung. Detection of associated chronic obstructive airway disease by V-P scans in 17 patients had prognostic value in postsurgery recovery time and improvement of symptoms. This may be a potential new application to the routine use of V-P lung scan in the presurgery work-up of patients with bronchiectasis. Our results showed that bronchography should not be performed on patients with preserved lung perfusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Myasthenia gravis and pipecuronium--report of two cases.

The use of pipecuronium in two patients with myasthenia gravis undergoing thymectomy is described. Neuromuscular function was monitored throughout using the train-of-four (TOF) mechanical twitch response. The cumulative dose-response to pipecuronium was determined in both patients during nitrous oxide-oxygen-narcotic anaesthesia. Both patients were sensitive to pipecuronium. The ED50 doses of pipecuronium were 11.6 and 11.1 micrograms.kg-1 and the ED95 doses were 35 and 33.3 micrograms.kg-1 in patients #1 and 2 respectively. Edrophonium 1 mg.kg-1 and neostigmine 0.06 mg.kg-1 were administered to patients #1 and 2 respectively for antagonism of residual neuromuscular blockade at 25 per cent spontaneous recovery of first twitch (T1) of the TOF stimulation. As with other non-depolarizing muscle relaxants pipecuronium in reduced dosage and with careful neuromuscular monitoring can be used to provide surgical relaxation safely in patients with controlled myasthenia gravis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Schistosomiasis associated with a mediastinal mass: case report and review of the literature.

A 13-year-old girl presented with fever, night sweat, weight loss, abdominal pain, haematuria and hepatosplenomegaly. Urinalysis revealed many Schistosoma haematobium ova, but rectal snip examination was negative for schistosomal ova. X-ray and CT scan of the chest revealed enlargement of the anterior, superior, mediastinal and left suprahilar lymph node with an adjacent left pulmonary parenchymal opacity and small peripheral lesions on the right side. A bone marrow aspiration and biopsy was normal. The patient was treated with Praziquantel for her urinary schistosomiasis. Because of her clinical and radiological chest findings, the possibilities of lymphoma and tuberculosis were considered. Therefore, she underwent a thoracotomy and biopsy of her thoracic lesions. The histopathology revealed pulmonary granulomas surrounding schistosoma ova with reactive mediastinal lymph adenitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Management of post-tuberculous complex aspergilloma of the lung: role of surgical resection.

Of 14 patients with complex aspergilloma complicating healed tuberculosis, 12 underwent lobectomy or pneumonectomy for recurrent haemoptysis. No deaths occurred, though one patient needed re-exploration for bleeding. There was no postoperative worsening of dyspnoea despite a mean forced vital capacity (FVC) of 60% predicted for the patients undergoing surgery and of 20% predicted for two patients with severe restrictive defects, perhaps owing to the fact that there was little or no function in the resected part of the lung, as shown by preoperative isotope ventilation-perfusion scanning, and that patients were under the age of 50 and generally fit. There has been no recurrence of haemoptysis during follow up, which has been from 12 to 33 months. Surgical resection, provided that cases are carefully selected, offers the best chance of cure with low mortality and morbidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Modified muscle sparing posterolateral thoracotomy.

A modified posterolateral thoracotomy is described that combines the advantages of complete muscle sparing through a thoracolumbar fascial slide with excellent exposure. The technique is easy to perform. The procedure was associated with relatively little postoperative pain, coughing was effective, and early ambulation was achieved. Experience with this approach in the first 49 patients suggests that it offers an attractive alternative to the standard muscle cutting posterolateral thoracotomy approach for elective procedures.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Unilateral post-tuberculous lung destruction: the left bronchus syndrome.

In a prospective study of 13 patients requiring pneumonectomy for unilateral post-tuberculous lung destruction the left side was found to be affected in 12. Review of a further 172 cases showed the left lung to have been destroyed in 109 (63%). It is suggested that this predominance of the left side is due to the anatomical characteristics of the left main bronchus and that disordered haemodynamics also appear to play a part.

Hemodynamics↗