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Biomedical subjects

M Arndt

Publications and source records attributed to M Arndt.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Influences on nursing care volume.

This study explores influences on nursing care volume per case in four DRGs and five hospitals. After accounting for the effects of length of stay, patient characteristics, and severity of illness, the direct effect of factors describing the nursing staff and hospital was assessed. Skill mix and standing orders each were significant in one or more DRGs, but there was no significant association between the volume of nursing care and occupancy or staff availability. The management and research implications of the findings are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

The activation-dependent induction of APN-(CD13) in T-cells is controlled at different levels of gene expression.

Recently, it was shown that aminopeptidase N (E.C. 3.4.11.2, CD13) is up-regulated during mitogenic stimulation of peripheral T-cells. In this study, we demonstrate that the half-life of APN mRNA was considerably prolonged in these cells leading to a 2.7-fold increase of APN transcript level. The apparent half-life time of the APN transcript was investigated by the RNA synthesis inhibitor-chase method using actinomycin D. The steady-state APN mRNA levels was determined by a competitive RT-PCR. The half-lives estimated in resting T-cells, natural killer cells and permanently growing tumour cells varied between 3.5 and 6 h. Finally, nuclear run-on assays revealed that the APN gene expression of stimulated T-cells is controlled by increased promoter activity as well. These studies suggest a control of APN gene expression at the post-transcriptional level in addition to promoter-mediated regulation.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1997

Rapid mitogen-induced aminopeptidase N surface expression in human T cells is dominated by mechanisms independent of de novo protein biosynthesis.

The membrane bound metalloprotease aminopeptidase N (APN, CD13, EC 3.4.11.2) is a well established marker of normal and malignant cells of the myelo-monocytic lineage. It is also expressed by leukaemic blasts of a small group of patients suffering from acute or chronic lymphoid leukaemia. Recently, the expression of the APN gene in T cell lines as well as the induction of APN gene and surface expression in human peripheral T cells by mitogenic activation have been demonstrated. Here, by means of cytofluorimetric analysis evidence is provided, that the induction of APN surface expression is partially resistent to the action of the inhibitors of protein biosynthesis, puromycin and cycloheximide, and is not prevented by tunicamycin, an inhibitor of glycosylation. These data suggest that the rapid mitogen-induced surface expression of APN, detectable 20 hours after stimulation is dominated by mechanisms not dependent on de novo protein biosynthesis or glycosylation. As shown by simultaneous analyses, the inhibitors used did also differently modify the induction of surface expression of other inducible glycosylated leukocyte surface antigens, namely CD25, CD69 and CD95.

CD13 Antigens↗
PubMed1997

[Legal boundaries of negative and positive lists].

Positive lists comprise only a limited number of medicines destined for reimbursement by the health insurance companies. Intentions to publicize those lists at federal and provincial levels failed for constitutional reasons. Negative lists--on the other hand--as prepared by health insurance companies are admissible as long as they are--among other things--open for changes according to the scientific progress. Medicines being incorporated into a negative list can be prescribed but are not reimbursable.

Drug Approval↗
PubMed1996

Benefits and disadvantages of corporate restructuring--the hospital view.

Many hospitals have adopted a corporate structure to improve management and gain economic benefits. Our study of Massachusetts hospitals found that for only a few had these anticipated advantages materialized, while many found that the new structure entailed added bureaucracy and other disadvantages. The findings suggest that hospitals adopt or keep the structure not only for possible economic reasons but also to sustain their legitimacy in the eyes of important stakeholders.

Annual Reports as Topic↗
PubMed1996

The interconnectedness of nurses' lives. Implications for nursing management.

OBJECTIVE: This study extends knowledge of how nurses' careers interact with their personal lives and professional development. BACKGROUND: Extant research suggests that nurses' career patterns are unstable or unplanned. However, these images may be a reflection of the models that are applied. Such models are overwhelmingly normative and do not reflect the actual life experience of nurses. METHODS: A series of interviews explored how nurses make changes in their lives. Questions focused on the stimulus for change and the resources used, problems associated with changes, and the effects of changes on the nurses themselves and others. RESULTS: The results show that nurses' careers, professional development, and personal lives are interconnected. CONCLUSIONS: The concept of interconnectedness reflects the confluence of events or people and their contemplation and integration by the nurses into their lives and relationships. The results contradict normative admonitions about career planning and have implications for the development of theories on nursing careers and for nurse managers.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

[Learning from mistakes].

Learning from mistakes. Moral aspects in nursing Medication errors are experiences which may serve to demonstrate variables of moral action in nursing. Qualitative research in nursing is asking philosophical questions by exploring the meaning of experiences. Still, philosophical answers cannot be expected from the use of research tools that have been developed by the social sciences. The usefulness of such research is found foremost in the thorough understanding of the problems relating to a certain topic and in making complex realities more transparent by analysing concrete data. Recent feminist philosophy emphasises thinking in the context of empathy and concrete relationships. Ethics, taking recourse to these basic elements will be contextual. In this paper I offer some results of discourse analysis as a qualitative research approach to the understanding of the experiences of nurses who have been involved with medication errors. The interpretation of narrative texts allows a close look at everyday nursing experiences. Herewith, a contribution is made to a contextual ethics that is of value to nursing. I show how different modalities of identification are likewise compatible with a teleological and a deontological approach to ethics. Even though an ethic of care may well dominate human relationships, such an ethic does not have to dispense with rules and policies.

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗
PubMed1996

[A scientific discourse on theories of morals and ethics].

An academic discourse on ethical and moral theory The papers in this issue of Pflege were delivered by the authors at a conference on Moral Action, held in Osnabrück on Nov. 11th 1994. In the argument which follows, Marianne Arndt's critique points to the fact that Bondolfi's paper is based mainly on Kohlberg's theory and offers, in contrast, research by Gilligan. Bondolfi stresses that men and women are equally capable of rational and emotionally motivated action. Being "human" is a characteristic of members of both genders.

Ethics↗