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Biomedical subjects

M Aparicio

Publications and source records attributed to M Aparicio.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and intraperitoneal fosfomycin in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Kinetics of fosfomycin were investigated in six patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Each subject received both an i.v. and an i.p. 1 g dose of fosfomycin with a one week washout between doses. Fosfomycin was assayed by a microbiological diffusion technique. After intravenous injection the fosfomycin serum kinetic parameters were as followed: elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) 38.4 +/- 8.7 h; volume of distribution 0.32 +/- 0.02 l/kg; total plasma clearance 7.0 +/- 1.4 ml/min and peritoneal clearance 3.2 +/- 0.2 ml/min. Dialyzate fosfomycin concentrations reached a maximum mean value of 32.2 +/- 2.8 micrograms/ml at 4 h post-injection and fosfomycin was detectable in dialyzate samples for up to 72 hours post-dosing. After intraperitoneal instillation, fosfomycin appeared in the serum rapidly and the mean peak plasma concentration was 36.2 +/- 2.8 micrograms/ml at the 4th h. The absorption rate (ka) was 0.580 +/- 0.039 h-1 and the absorption of fosfomycin from peritoneal space was 68.4 +/- 6.0%. These data suggest a bidirectional exchange through the peritoneal membrane. Intraperitoneal administration of 1 g either 48 h apart for anephric patients or 36 h apart for patients with residual renal function may achieve therapeutic serum concentrations.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Low protein and low phosphorus diet in patients with chronic renal failure: influence on glucose tolerance and tissue insulin sensitivity.

Ten patients with advanced renal failure (glomerular filtration rate 25 mL/min) were treated with a low phosphorus and low protein diet supplemented with ketoacid analogues. Before starting the diet and four months afterwards, a 50 g oral glucose tolerance test with a three step euglycemic insulin clamp was carried out. A dose-response curve of total body insulin sensitivity was plotted. By the fourth month, glucose tolerance had improved with significantly lower T0, T30, and T60 insulin levels. These results are attributed to the improvement in insulin action as demonstrated by the clamp technique. The dose-response curve had a distinctly higher plateau after dietary treatment, and the tissue sensitivity index to insulin (M/l ratio) was significantly improved. It is suggested that treatment of uremic patients with a low protein diet may reduce levels of a putative insulin inhibitor.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Contribution of immunology to the differentiation of arteritis in young persons. Apropos of 2 cases].

The authors report two observations of T.A.O. placed under the heading of "Systems Affections" after the discovery of immunologic abnormalities. Vascular troubles in L.E.A.D. and generalised sclerodermis are, apart from the Raynaud Syndrom, exceptional. They oriente specially towards a T.A.O., and in absence of caracteristic symptoms, they retard the diagnosis of a connective. The reader is reminded of the characteristics of the "Buerger Affection" which must no longer be considered as unique anatomoclinic entity, due to modern immunologic and phlebologic exams.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Use of the receiver's own ureter, a remedial solution in lesions of the urinary tract, following renal transplantation].

An analysis of eleven cases in a series of 274 kidney transplantations between 1976 and 1984 suggests that pyeloureteral anastomosis with the recipient's own ureter only involves a simple operation, that the nephrectomy of the overlying kidney would not seem indispensable, that the existence of major infectious lesions is a contra-indication, and that seven of the eleven grafts were still functional with a followup of five months to seven years.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Surgical indications for primary vesico-ureteral reflux in adult candidates for renal transplantation].

Eight out of thirty five candidates for renal transplantation at the Bordeaux transplantation center, between 1975 and 1983, all presenting with primary vesico-ureteric reflux, underwent nephro-ureterectomy. The remaining twenty seven were not treated surgically. The authors consider that no operation is required when the ureter is narrow and uninfected, but that dilated refluant and infected ureters should be treated by nephro-ureterectomy, at least unilaterally. In that event, the operation is performed in two stages, with the second stage being performed at the same time as the transplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Calculi experimentally obtained in the rat by intrarenal injection of Ureaplasma urealyticum].

Male Sprague Dawley rats have been contaminated with Ureaplasma urealyticum (by injection in their kidney of a 10(8) C.C.U. suspension of micro-organisms of human origin). They produce urinary tract stones similar to the humans ones and composed of struvite crystals (NH4MgPO4, 6H2O). It is concluded that such a model is a very good tool to develop new research on struvite lithiasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Experimental magnesium ammonium phosphate lithiasis induced by Ureaplasma in the rat].

Struvite urinary stones are commonly associated with infections by urease possessing bacteria (Proteus). Ureaplasma urealyticum, a genital mycoplasma, is predominantly located in the human genito-urinary tract and produces urease. Its possible role in the formation of infection stones was studied in the rat model described by Friedlander and Braude. Struvite bladder stones were produced in 60% of Sprague-Dawley male rats after infection of ureaplasmas (serotype 1, 2, 3, 7) into the renal medulla. Mycoplasma hominis, another genital mycoplasma, produced bladder stones in only 10% of animals. A kinetic study showed that pure struvite stones appeared into the bladder 4 to 5 days after inoculation and that U. urealyticum did not usually remain viable more than 6 days. Acetohydroxamic acid and doxycycline prevented the formation of the stones.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative bacteriological and chemical analysis of kidney calculi. Apropos of 135 cases].

The formation of some urinary tract stones (struvite stones) is known to be related to infection by urease-possessing microorganisms, such as Proteus sp. and some other bacteria. Ureaplasma urealyticum, a genital mycoplasma, contains also urease and is predominantly located in the urogenital tract. Its significance in the production of human urinary stones has not yet been elucidated. In this study, 135 human calculi obtained by surgery were analysed chemically and were cultured for the presence of conventional bacteria and U. urealyticum, 51 were ammonium magnesium phosphate stones and contained Proteus (27), E. coli (4), Staphylococcus epidermidis (3), Streptococcus D (2), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1), Staphylococcus aureus (1), Corynebacterium (1), Candida albicans (1). U. urealyticum was isolated in one patient, from two different calculi (left and right) taken after an interval of fifteen days. Different bacteria were isolated from other calculi (oxalate, uric acid). This findings suggest that Ureaplasma urealyticum should be looked for in struvite calculi.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1983

Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome. Report of a case treated with oral retinoid RO 10-9359.

We report a case of Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome in a patient aged 26 in whom the familial genetic study showed close consanguinity among the parents. Oral treatment with aromatic retinoid during 6 weeks provided nearly total healing of the cutaneous lesions. Among the explorations carried out, attention must be paid to the lessening of chemotactic factors in the blood serum. Throughout his life, the patient suffered pronounced bacterial infectious processes, the last being especially severe and leading rapidly to death.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A comparative study of two insulin secretion inhibitors: somatostatin and diazoxide.

We studied the effect of the ionophere A 23187 and of phosphodiesterase inhibitors and activators (Theophylline, Pentoxiphylline and Imidazol) on insulin secretion and on the pool of free tubulin in rat pancreas in the presence of somatostatin and diazoxide. The results suggest that: 1. The inhibitory effect of somatostatin on insulin secretion does not seem to be related mainly to an inhibition of cAMP production. The decrease in calcium translocation induced by somatostatin could inhibit the cAMP participation in the mechanism of hormonal secretion. 2. Somatostatin seems to inhibit the movement of calcium towards the cytoplasm from outside and from within the cell. Diazoxide seems to inhibit only the entrance of calcium from outside the cell but does not seem to inhibit the entrance determined by theophylline and pentoxiphylline from intracellular compartments. 3. Arginine glucose stimulation in the presence of A 23187-induced calcium translocation is able to determine insulin secretion although cAMP degradation is increased by imidazol. 4. Somatostatin and diazoxide inhibit pancreatic tubulin polimerization; however, the effect seem to be indirect and related to the inhibition of calcium translocation determined by both substances.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

30 cases of second renal transplants.

30 second renal transplants from cadaver donors were performed. 93% of patients survived for 1 year and 89% for 2 years. 66% of grafts survived for 2 year and 57% for 2 years. Best results can be expected with patients less than 40 years old whose first transplant failed through chronic rejection, whether or not cytotoxic antibodies were present. The best histocompatibility in the HLA A and B system should be sought.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

A new case of eosinophilic fasciitis.

A new case of Shulman's disease is reported. The patient shows skin induration in both arms and legs, and morphea plaques without visceral involvement. Onset of the disease followed an unusual physical effort. An important blood eosinophilia and a mild hypergammaglobulinemia are present. The histopathological studies show a typical eosinophilic fasciitis. The use of steroids had no effect in the treatment of the disease.

Eosinophils↗
PubMed1980

[Multiple affections of the cranial nerves as a pathognomonic sign of periarteritis nodosa. Relationship with Cogna's syndrome (author's transl)].

A 43-year-old woman was found to have multiple cranial neuritis affections, present as an isolated disorder over a long period, and characterized by bilateral deafness and associated lesions of the VII and V cranial nerves. On investigation, visual disturbances were discovered which were of a transitory nature and made up a total clinical picture suggesting Cogan's syndrome. Neuropathological examination revealed the presence of typical periarteritis nodosa lesions in the cranial nerves. The authors suggest, therefore, that certain cases described as Cogan's syndrome are in fact particular forms of periarteritis nodosa.

Adult↗