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Biomedical subjects

M Andrews

Publications and source records attributed to M Andrews.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Expression of Xg and the 12E7 antigen in primates.

Tests on cells from various non-human primates showed that expression of the 12E7 antigen is the same on cultured fibroblasts, peripheral blood lymphocytes and red blood cells. No quantitative polymorphism of 12E7 expression was observed in any of the animals tested. Tests on red blood cells of these primates confirm that anti-Xga and the monoclonal antibody 12E7 define different determinants.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Progress report on controlled trial of fecal occult blood testing for the detection of colorectal neoplasia.

Our controlled trial of screening for colorectal cancer has now been in progress for almost five years. Screening is accomplished by rigid sigmoidoscopy in control and study groups and, in addition, by fecal occult blood testing in the study group. Patients screened are men and women age 40 and older, mostly at average risk. Fecal occult blood testing is with Hemoccult slides with patients on a meat-free, high-bulk diet without hydration, and with a four-day storage interval between slide preparation and testing. Patients with positive slides undergo diagnostic investigation that includes both colonoscopy and double-contrast barium enema and, in some, an upper gastrointestinal series. Preliminary results to date include: patient baseline statistics and subgroup comparability, rate of positive slides of 1-4%, predictive value for neoplasia of 44-50%, false-positives of 0.5-2.1%, favorable Dukes' staging of cancers in the study group, and high patient compliance. Considerably more follow-up is need in our study and control population, and issues such as mortality and cost need to be addressed. Additional time will be necessary to provide firm conclusions.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1979

Therapeutic community dropouts: criminal behavior five years after treatment.

Two hundred and two male dropouts, mainly heroin abusers averaging 3 to 6 years out of treatment, were sampled from the 1970-1971 Phoenix House admissions by race and time in program (less than 1 month to more than 2 years). Criminal justice arrest records were compared between three pre- and all posttreatment years. Percent and rate of arrest declined significantly in followup. Magnitude of reductions was uniform across race and legal status, varied by age, but increased systematically by time in program. Results replicated and extended earlier findings, confirming long-term positive change in criminal behavior associated with length of stay in the therapeutic community.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Nutritional management of the female with phenylketonuria during pregnancy.

This paper discusses a rational approach to appropriate nutritional management of the pregnant woman with phenylketonuria (PKU). Special food items, including new formulas and low-phenylalanine products, as well as allowable nutral foods are described. Particular emphasis is placed on the nutritional adequacy of this PKU diet during pregnancy. Such a diet should be palatable and tolerated well and should also take into consideration important economic, cultural, and psychological aspects. Clinics caring for PKU individuals should be so prepared because many otheir females are approaching childbearing age.

Amino Acids, Essential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adjunctive brainstem behaviors in the rat.

UNLABELLED: Adjunctive behaviors refers to behaviors that are "out of context" and/or excessive in amount. The terminology was first used for unexplained behaviors associated with food pellet ratio contingencies in food deprived rats (Falk, 1971). Clinically, unrelated and complex excessive behaviors were also noted with brainstem and diencephalic discharges (Andy, 1986, 1989 and 1995; Andy and Jurko, 1986). The objective of this study was to develop a model of brainstem generated adjunctive behaviors in the rat. METHOD: Sixty-one adult rats were used. Kindling was induced by mechanical and DC electrical perturbations in the midbrain. Nine different treatment groups were established in which lesions and drugs were used separately and in different combinations. Cocaine was used to accentuate, and dextrorphan to attenuate the kindling process. Behaviors were visually analyzed and recorded by video camera; they were not quantified. DC stimulation and EEGs were doen with Grass instruments. Recording and stimulation sights were verified histologically. RESULTS: A total of 45 different behaviors were elicited. DC stimulation kindled subjects had significantly more behaviors than did electrode insertion alone and cocaine alone. However, cocaine combined with DC stimulation increased the number and intensity of the kindled behaviors. Dextrorphan tended to facilitate catatonic and sleep states. Behaviors occurred randomly and were unrelated, even when they occurred in clusters. The behaviors were associated with four abnormal EEG discharge patterns. CONCLUSION: We speculate that brainstem behaviors are innate adjunctive drives that are generated in the brainstem reticular formation. They are monitored by the cortex and partially modified by environmental and cortical inputs.

Animals↗